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Psych 308 fall 2011Review content for test 3 (Final exam)Cozby chapter 7 asking questions: surveyPurpose of survey types of questions (attitudes, facts, etc.Problems with wording of questions, double barreled, loaded, etc.Types of responses to questions, different types of scalingAdvantages and disadvantages in survey types, questionnaire, vs. mail, interviews, etc.Sampling techniques: Probability sampling simple random, stratified, clustersampling techniques: nonprobabilityconvenience/haphazard, purposive, quotacompare probability and non prob sampling purposeswhat a sampling frame ischapter 12 correlationsdefine and compare scales of measurement (review)what four types of frequency distributions are used for scales(review)what each measures of central tendency is best used for (review)how central tendency measures differ from variability (review)what information Pearson r provides types of bivariate relationships for two linear variables (pos/neg/ curvilinear, etc.)components of a regression equation Y=a +bX and purpose of the equationhow Pearson r can be used to show effect sizehow a restricted range affects Pearson r how IV and DV are related to predictor and criterion variablesnot multiple correlation or partial correlations, structural equationsChapter 5 Measurementdifference between true score and measurement errortypes of reliability: test-retest; internal consistency; interrater reliability range, strength, direction of reliability coefficient. How to increase internal consistency reliabilityWhat Cronbach Alpha does to estimate reliabilityTypes of construct validity: face, content, convergent, divergent and difference between concurrent and predictiveEffect of reactivity on validitySteinberg module 34 and 35Purpose of conducting a correlation: to see how one var predicts another (to enable us to use regression)What paired observations areWhat indicates direction and strength of a correlation coefficient. What eta correlation coefficient measures How an outlier affects the correlation coefficientWhat small, medium and large coefficients ranges areEffect of removing the highest and lowest scoring subjects on the correlation coefficientHow to calculate percent of common variance shared between two variablesWhether or not any correlation can show cause and effectFive types of correlation coefficients and what types of variables they are used forSteinberg module 36Effect of restriction of range NOT sample heterogeneity v. homogeneityCorrelations v. common varianceSteinberg module 37 linear predictionPurpose of regression equationPositive and negative correlations, strength of relationship (review)Regression equation components : Y = bX + a (same as Y = a + bX)Steinberg module 38What the standard error of prediction is (standard deviation of errors of prediction), i.e. a type of standard deviation. Also called standard error of estimate (estimate of average error)Difference between a point estimate and confidence interval Shape of the distribution of errorsRelationship between the size of the correlation and the standard error of prediction ................
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