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Crisis in the Colonies Name: ___________________________ Mod: ___________Date of Next Exam: _____________________________________The French and Indian War European Rivals in North America England, France, & Spain are competing for ____________________ France claims the _____________________ - area that stretched from the St. Lawrence river west to the Great Lakes and South to the Mississippi River English colonists push into the Ohio river valley in search of _____________ and _______________ France was _________________________________ the English from pressing Westward Label the Ohio River Valley on the below map) Native Americans Chose Sides: -They said this is our land we have _________________________ here for centuries -Some Native Americans felt the only way to protect their way of life was to _________List Reasons why Native Americans sided with the French: ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________List Reasons why Native Americans sided with the British: ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________The Beginning of the French and Indian War _____________________ - ________________ and the colonists vs. the _______________ and their Indian Allies____________________ was instructed to ________________________ at the start of the Ohio River Valley (Put a star on your map above where Washington was suppose to build his Fort) The French had a fort there already called __________________________ Washington launched a _________________________ and built a quick stockade called ____________________ but his victory did not last long and he was sent home. At this point the __________________ had control of _________________ which was at the START of the Ohio River The Albany Congress Delegates from _______________________ met in _______________________________Their goals were: _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ – was proposed by ____________________________ and its goal was to create one general government for all the colonies to be united under. However, _______ of the colonies approved it because they did not want to give up any of their __________Ben Franklin was disappointed and he published the below picture in the Philadelphia Gazette Answer the Following questions based on the Picture by Ben Franklin: 1. What has happened to the Snake in the picture? ______________2. What are the parts of the snake labeled as? ____________________ 3. Ultimately for the Snake to survive what must happen?___________ 4.What do you think Ben Franklin was trying to tell the colonists? ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________A String of British Defeats_______________________________ led British and Colonial troops to ____________________________________________________________ him of the dangers but he did not listen The French and Indians launched a _________________ in the woods by sharp shooting the British and Colonists who had Bright red uniforms ___________________ is __________________ and nearly half his men are The first __________________ of the war the ________ are ________ The French capture _____________________ and ___________________________ The Tide of Battle Turns ________________ became the new head of the British Government and his first task was to ____ war in North America So Pitt sent Britain’s _______________ To encourage colonists to join he offered them ____________________________ for their service They were successful and they captured ____________ and renamed it ______ and later it would be called ________ The Fall of New France Pitt had taken control of ___________________________________ and the capital of New France, ____________, was next. __________ was important to New France because it was on the _______________ River and they used the river to get _____________ to other forts. Quebec was not going to be an easy task because it was located on the top of_______. Capturing Quebec During the _____________ British Troops climbed the cliff and surprised the French in the morning. -The French did not protect the cliff very well because they thought it was too steep for anyone to climb -When the French realized they were surrounded they ___________________. However, the British ____________! The Treaty of Paris The ___________________ ended French power in North America ______________ gained ____________________ and all French lands _______________________________________ ______________ which had entered the war to __________________ had to give up ___________________________ ___________________ in return got all the land ____________________________________________Review Questions: Why did the war begin in North America? What were the two sides of the French and Indian War?Explain the three attempts to capture Fort Duquesne? What was Benjamin Franklin trying to accomplish in Albany? Was he successful? (Why or why not?) Who ends up winning the French and Indian war? Why did they win? What were the terms of the Treaty of Paris? Turmoil Over Taxation (day One) New Troubles on the Frontier With the French Gone the Colonists wanted to move _____________________________________ (Into the Ohio Valley) Problem: _____________________ already lived there and fights break out between them and the colonists British send _______________________ to keep order He _________________________ of goods sold to the Native AmericansHe allows _________________________________________ Native American leader, _________________________, says we are not going to take this Pontiacs WarIn a few short months they had ________________________________________________ However the British quickly regained their land back The ____________________ tell the Native Americans they are not going to help them because they do not own any land there anymoreThe Native American one by one __________________________ and returned homeProclamation of 1763 Great Britain says enough is enough were not helping you anymore _______________________ said that colonists were forbidden to settle West of the Appalachian Mountains and any settlers out there were to remove themselves (Circle the Proclamation of 1763 line on map below) To make sure colonists did not move west Great Britain sends _________________________ This angered the colonists They wanted to move west Colonists had to _____________________ for the British _____________________ Britain Imposes New Taxes The French and Indian war put Great Britain in _______________ Great Britain decides the __________ must help pay for this debt by __________ This idea went along with ________________ which is the belief that the colonies exist to benefit the mother country _________ put a tax on _______ which was an important part of the triangular trade However, many of the colonists _______________ the molasses anyway ________________ put a tax on ___________ documents such as _______________________. It also taxed _________________________________. To show that you paid the tax the paper listed above had to have a ____________ The Colonists BECOME ANGRY and PROTEST!Protesting the Stamp Act Many colonists ______________________ Stamp Act Some Colonists threw _________________ at tax collectors/ Some colonists ________________________ the agents Riots broke out in cities on the Atlantic Coast like _______________________________________________________Great Britain was ________________ at how the colonists reacted because they had _____________________________ to protect the colonists against the French and the British were paying _________________________ than the colonists No Taxation without representation The Colonists were so angry with the taxes because they did _____ elect representatives to Parliament in England they were not represented and therefore they should not be _____!(Hence the principal: NO taxation without representation) Uniting in Peaceful Protest The Colonists were all so angry with the Stamp Act that it _______________ from Georgia to New HampshireDelegates from the Colonies met in ________________ The Colonists drew up a ___________ a formal written request to someone in authority, signed by a group of people The Colonists told Parliament they had no __________________________Parliament ____________________ the petition Colonists decide to ________________ which means they refused to buy British goods. They did this because if the Colonists stop buying British goods then Great Britain will lose money and hopefully drop the tax. _______________ repeals (or _______________) the Stamp Act but they pass a law saying they can ________ ________________pretty much whenever they want. Review Activity: Pretend you are a colonist and you have family back in England. Write a letter to them explaining the following:1. Why the King has decided to tax you? 2. What taxes the King has put on you?3. Why the colonists are so mad at these taxes?4 What the colonists have done to show they are upset? You will be expected to turn this assignment in and share it with classmates. Take your time and be creative. Please complete on a separate sheet of paper.Turmoil over Taxation (day two) Talk with your Partner: What does liberty mean? _______What Liberties do you think everyone should have? ________________________________________________________What Liberties were being taken away from the colonists? __________________________________________________What do you think people should do when their liberties are being threatened? ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________The Townshend ActsIn Parliament (_______________________________) fighting broke out about _______________________________________________, a leader in Parliament, was accused of being a coward and __________________________A month later parliament passed the_____________________________ – taxed glass, paper, paint, lead, and tea Taxes were __________________ but the colonists continued to argue “___________________________________”Part of the act was __________________________ – which said that ships could be searched for _________________ However, they ____________________ to search them (if they looked guilty they searched)Lets read about James Otis What freedom does he feel is being violated?____________________________________________________Why does he think this is bad?________________________________________________________________What do you think? (are cops allowed to come into your house whenever they want?) ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________Colonial Protests Widen Colonial merchants decide to _________ or to not to ___________() goods taxed by the Townshend acts which were ________________________________Groups like the ___________________ which staged _____________ of British Officials ( threatening them) Groups like the _________________ (for ______) paraded, protested, signed petitions, organized boycottsNew Colonial Leaders Who were the leaders in Massachusetts? _____ ___________________________________________________ Describe Sam Adams: __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________What did Sam Adams do? ____________________________ Describe John Adams: ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________What did Mercy Otis Warren do? ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Who were the leaders in Virginia?_______________________________________________________________What did Patrick Henry do? _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Boston, Massachusetts _________________- law that said colonists had to provide housing, candles, bedding, and beverages to British Soldiers Britain sent ________ to ________ to protect _______________ who were _________________ and _____________________________________People of Boston would _______________________________ when they would walk down the streetsThe Boston Massacre March 5, 1770 a crowd gathered outside Boston’s Custom House Colonists______________________ and other names at the British because they wore redcoats Crowd grew ________________________ and began to _______________________________ at the British Soldiers _______________________________. They ___________________________________ ________________Colonists died It was called a _____________________ because colonists said the __________________________________What do you think about the Boston Massacre? 1. Do you think the British were wrong to fire a shot? ________________________________________________________________________________________________________2. What would you have felt outside the Customs house before shots were fired if: a. You were a colonist? _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________b.You were a British soldier?______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________After the Massacre-Colonists were _________________ and they wrote letters, protested, and blew the incident out of proportion -The soldiers were ___________ in court and ____________________ defended the soldiers because he wanted to show the world that America _________________ (unlike Britain) -The Heaviest punishment any solder got was ___________________________Sam Adams Starts the Committee of Correspondence-_________________________- regularly wrote letters and pamphlets reporting to the other colonies what was going on in Massachusetts. A temporary Calm On the same day as the Massacre Parliament ________________ (canceled)- the quartering acts and most of the Townshend acts but they kept a small tax on _______________Parliament kept the tax on tea to show they still had the _________________________________ The ____________________ with this and for a _________________________________________Review Activity:Define/describe the followingRepeal- ___________________________________________________________________________________________Liberty- ___________________________________________________________________________________________Townshend Acts- ___________________________________________________________________________________Writs of Assistance- _________________________________________________________________________________Sam Adams-________________________________________________________________________________________John Adams-________________________________________________________________________________________Sons of Liberty-_____________________________________________________________________________________Quartering Acts-_____________________________________________________________________________________Boston Massacre-____________________________________________________________________________________Committee of Correspondence- ________________________________________________________________________From Protest to Revolution A Dispute Over Tea _______________ was very popular in the colonies (1770 One million Americans brewed tea ___________________)Parliament Passes the Tea Act The ______________ brought most of the tea to America and sold it to ________________ who charged a __________________ for the tea than ________________________ because they needed to make a profitHowever there was a __________________ (The COLONISTS SAID NO TAXATION WITHOUT REPRESENTATION) Some _____________(refuse to buy) tea which hurts the British East India Company Parliament tries to help the Company with the ______________ - colonists still had to _____________ but they didn’t have to buy the tea from Merchants they could buy it from British East India Company which would make the ________________________ __________________ they said we don’t care were paying less we still say ______________________________A new Boycott _________________ led the boycott by making coffee or serving “liberty Tea” made from Raspberry leaves__________________ enforced the boycott by not letting British East India Company unload their tea (read Play) Boston Tea Party November 1773 __________________ loaded with tea arrived in ________________________________ At a town meeting ________________________ (Boston’s Governor) demanded the tea be unloaded despite _________________________________wanting the ships to go back to Britain Adams stood up and said “This meeting can do nothing further to save this country” which seemed to be a __________________________________-______________________ December 16,1773 men dressed up as Native Americans boarded the three ships and dumped over 342 chests of tea into the Boston Harbor Analyzing Skills Look at the Picture on page 157 and read the caption below it. Then answer the following questions:Do you think this picture is realistic? (Why or why not?) ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Why do you think the colonists disguised themselves? _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________How do you think the king will react to the Tea Party? ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Parliament Strikes Back King George III says the colonists must be __________________ and passes as series of laws___________________ –Laws passed by the king to punish the colonists in Boston (for their intolerable actions) ______________________ (no ships could enter or leave until all the tea was paid for) ___________________ (only meet once a year with governors permission/jury members chose by king) _______________________ (soldier, tax collector, customs) ____________________________________________________________ – all soldiers had to stay in the Boston Peoples’ homes Other Colonies Support Boston _____________________________________ – spread news of the intolerable acts to the other colonies Claimed “Boston faced hunger while the port was closed” ____________________________________ Virginia ____________________________________________________ (prayed and fasted all day) _________________________________ September 1774, 12 Colonies met in Philadelphia (Georgia did not go) After Much debate they decide (the colonies) ___________________________________________Colonies agree to _______ all British goods, and ___________ until the Intolerable acts were repealedUrge each colony to set up a _________ - an army of citizens who serve as soldiers during an emergency ______________________________ (May 1775) Lexington and Concord MassachusettsColonists are in an uproar ________________- colonists who carried muskets in hand and were prepared to fight at a minutes noticeBuild up an _________________ (large storage or arms) at _______ (label on your map) (see next page)Events at Lexington and Concord ____________________________________ (British General) planned a surprise attack at ConcordApril 18-700 troops quietly left Boston in the night____________________ were watching and hung ___________ (the signal the redcoats were coming)___________ saw the lamps and took off yelling from Boston to Concord waking everyone up “the British and Coming” “_________________________________” Shot Heard round the World At _________________________ 70 minutemen were waiting for the British (label on your map) The colonists were __________________________ 70 to 700 (they decided to ___________________) Suddenly ____________________ (No one knows who fired it but it was the start of the revolution) Onward to Concord British pushed on to ________________ where they found the ______________________________ On their way back to Boston they _________________ just outside of Concord At the bridge there were ____________/They fired shots from ________________________________British were __________________________________________________ Lets Think: After the Battles at Lexington and Concord what do you think:The king was thinking?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________The Colonists were thinking?_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Explain What happened at each number:1.__________________________________A. King passes the _____________________which said _______________________________________________________________2. __________________________________3.______________________________________________________________________4.__________________________________5.______________________________________________________________________5.4.3.2.1.The Tea issue in the Colonies (Play) Characters:King George IIIEast India Tea Company OwnerMerchant in the Colonies George-Everyday Colonist Scene I: Placing a Tax on the TeaEveryday Colonist- (drinking tea) boy I sure like tea. If I had to choose between dinner and tea I would drink teaKing George III – These colonists sure drink a lot of tea. Hmmmm (King is thinking and gets an idea) if we put a tax on tea the colonists will have to pay the tax.East India Tea Company Owner- (driving the boat to America and docks his ship) Hello George I have your tea it will cost you 45 cents per pound. Because of the new tax prices went up a little. Merchant in the Colonies Thank you (pays owner and walks away thinking) Well if I want to make a profit I will have to sell the tea for 55 cents per pound. Everyday Colonist (runs over to the Merchant) How much for the tea? Merchant in the Colonies With the new tax the cost has gone up to 55 cents a pound Everyday Colonist We will not buy your tea with the new tax. We will BOYCOTT ---NO TAXATION without REPRESENTATION!!!!!!!!!!!!!! Boy the Sons of Liberty will be mad at this tax. Scene II: King wants the colonists to have to pay less for the tea King George III – I have 15 million pounds of tea that is not selling. Hmmmm (King is thinking and gets an idea) we can lower the price by having the colonists just buy from the East India Company East India Tea Company Owner- (driving the boat to America and docks his ship) Hello George I cannot sell you tea anymore the colonists will buy it from me at a cheaper price 45 cents instead of the 55 cents you are charging Merchant in the Colonies WHAT? (walks away mad) How dare the king do such a thing! (Goes to the Merchant and tells him what has happened) Everyday Colonist (runs over to the East India Company) DOES THE KING NOT GET IT… WE can afford the tea we just don’t think it is fair that we are taxed. NO TAXATION Without Representation … We deserve a say in the Government even if it is an ocean away. ................
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