PDF Section 1

Contents

Section 1

1. Forms of Comparison; Rules of Comparison . . . . . . . . . 1 2. Adjective Phrases; Diagramming Adjective Phrases . . . 6 3. Thesaurus; Connotation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 4. Diagramming Imperative Sentences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 5. Quiz 1 and Extra Activity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Section 2

6. Direct Objects; Diagramming Direct Objects . . . . . . . . 22 7. Homonyms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 8. Clauses and Compound Sentences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 9. Clustering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 10. Quiz 2 and Extra Activity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

Section 3

11. Paragraph Form and Unity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 12. Preposition or Adverb . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 13. Be Concise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 14. Self Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 15. Creative Writing, Day 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 16. Creative Writing, Day 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 17. LightUnit Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

Cursive Alphabet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 Reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 Spelling Word Bookmarks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65

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Thesaurus; Connotation

Thesaurus

antonyms (an t nimz): words that have opposite meanings

synonyms (si n nimz): words that have the same or similar meanings

thesaurus (thi sr s): a reference book that gives synonyms and sometimes antonyms

You may already be familiar with the dictionary, the encyclopedia, and the atlas . Here is a new reference book to add to the list: the thesaurus.

In some ways, the thesaurus is like a dictionary . It has guide words at the top of each page . It has entry words in alphabetical order . But a thesaurus does not usually have pronunciations or definitions for its entry words . Instead, it has synonyms, words that have similar meanings. Many thesauruses also give antonyms, or opposites, of the entry words . A thesaurus entry may look something like this .

current (adjective) syn present, up-to-date, modern ant antique See TIME.

A Circle each synonym of each underlined word. There may be more than one synonym.

1. Toward evening, thunderstorms began to develop.

dissolve

appear

disappear

2. Tony found an unusual arrowhead in the field.

ordinary

normal

rare

3. Our sheep all survived the harsh winter.

mild

severe

brutal

4. Mr. Stewart is an excellent carpenter.

fine

terrible

expert

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Lesson 3

Connotation

connotation (k? n t shn): the idea a word gives beyond its exact meaning

Some words have many synonyms . Although words may have similar meanings, they may not describe exactly what you are talking about; words also have an extra meaning, called connotation, beyond their definitions .

Connotation makes some synonyms fit in certain situations that others do not . For example, aroma, odor, and scent are synonyms for smell, but they each have a special meaning . Aroma makes you think of delicious food smells, like the aroma of freshly baked bread . Odor makes you think of bad smells, like the odor of sweaty socks . Scent makes you think of specific smells, like the scent of a rose or the scent of a fox .

Word connotation helps us communicate exactly what we want to say with fewer words . Look at these examples .

The wonderful smell of fresh bread filled the house. The aroma of fresh bread filled the house. (good connotation) The odor of fresh bread filled the house. (poor connotation)

B Circle the best synonym of each underlined word. Think about good connotation. 5. Carl was very wet by the time he got to the house. flooded, soaked 6. Policemen stopped traffic until the wreck was cleared. blocked, postponed 7. The softball game was stopped until Saturday. blocked, postponed 8. Many glaciers begin near the very top of Mount Rainier. summit, head 9. The boys play soccer in the completely empty lot. vacant, blank

10. Evelyn began drawing on a completely empty sheet of paper. vacant, blank 11. Two explorers moved slowly through the tight cave. strolled, crawled 12. Darren helped with cleanup after the tornado struck. supported, assisted 13. A white horse moved very quickly past our house. galloped, scampered

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Lesson 3

ookin Bac

C Recite the ten prepositions you learned in Lesson 2.

D Put parentheses around each adjective phrase. Underline the object of each preposition. Draw an arrow from each phrase to the word it modifies.

14. The ladies on the relief committee will meet tomorrow. 15. The Kelly family from Wyoming raises cattle. 16. Jacob gave Joseph a coat of many colors. 17. The fireplace in the house is cold.

E Put parentheses around each adjective phrase. Draw an arrow from each phrase to the word it modifies. Then diagram each sentence.

18. The student in the blue shirt is working diligently.

19. The tree behind the barn fell.

F Label each sentence dec for declarative, imp for imperative, exc for exclamatory, or int for interrogative sentences. Add the correct ending punctuation.

20.

A coyote is eating our lamb

21.

What are those clouds called

22.

Those are cirrus clouds

23.

Stay away from the construction site

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Lesson 3

G Write the correct word. Circle the form of comparison used.

24. (hot) The Sahara is the

desert on earth.

positive

comparative

superlative

25. (crooked) The road is tremendously

.

positive

comparative

superlative

26. (urgent) Studying for the test was

than playing ball.

positive

comparative

superlative

27. (short) The Tamborasi River is the world's

river.

positive

comparative

superlative

28. (hard) Oak wood is

than balsa.

positive

comparative

superlative

29. (small) Mount Wycheproof is the

registered mountain in the world.

positive

comparative

superlative

H Write an adjective to describe each noun.

30.

cow

32.

31.

monkey

33.

tractor truck

I Correct this run-on sentence. 34. Hudson Taylor decided to dress like the Chinese this helped them accept his message.

J Write the correct word in each blank to complete the sentence.

35. The

form of comparison actually makes no comparison, the

form compares

things, and the

superlative form compares

or more things.

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