Water Flow Recommendations - BV Thermal Systems

Water Flow Recommendations

Water - Delivery Flow Velocity Steel Pipes & Maximum Water Flow Capacity Maximum Flow Velocities in Water Systems Cooling Water Pipe Lines - Main Pipes & Lateral Pipes Water Flow based on Pipe Size and Inside/Outside Diameters PolyeEthylene Pipes, Flow and Pressure Loss ( 1/2" - 6")

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Water - Delivery Flow Velocity

Normal Pipe Size

Inch

mm

1

25

2

50

3

75

4

100

6

150

8

200

10

250

12

300

Water Delivery Velocity

m/s

ft/s

1

3.5

1.1

3.6

1.15

3.8

1.25

4

1.5

4.7

1.75

5.5

2

6.5

2.65

8.5

Steel Pipes & Maximum Water Flow Capacity

Pipe Size (in) 2 2 1/2 3 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 24

Maximum Flow (gal.min) 45 75 130 250 800 1600 3000 4700 6000 8000 10000 12000 18000

Velocity (ft/s) 4.3 5.0 5.6 6.6 8.9 10.3 12.2 13.4 14.2 14.5 14.3 13.8 14.4

Head Loss (ft H20/100ft, m/100m)

3.9 4.1 3.9 4.0 4.0 3.8 4.0 4.0 4.0 3.5 3.0 2.4 2.1

Maximum Flow Velocities in Water Systems

Application

Tap Water (low noise) Tap Water

Cooling Water Suction boiler feed water Discharge boiler feed water

Condensate Heating circulation

Maximum Velocity

m/s

ft/s

0.5 - 0.7

1.6 - 2.3

1.0 - 2.5

3.3 - 8.2

1.5 - 2.5

4.9 - 8.2

0.5 - 1.0

1.6 - 3.3

1.5 - 2.5

4.9 - 8.2

1.0 - 2.0

3.3 - 6.5

1.3 - 3.0

3.3 - 9.8



209-522-3701

Cooling Water Pipe Lines

Main Pipes Maximum allowable flow, velocity and pressure drop

Pipe Size

(in)

(US gpm)

4

140

6

380

8

650

10

1100

12

1800

14

2200

16

3300

18

4500

20

6000

24

11000

30

19000

3

70

Flow

(liter/s)

9 24 41 69 114 139 208 284 379 694 1199 4

(ft/s)

3.5 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.5 5.1 5.9 6.2 6.7 7.8 8.7 3

Velocity

(m/s)

1.1 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.6 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.4 2.6 0.9

Pressure Drop

(ft H2O /100 (Pa/100 m) feet)

2.2

21827

1.9

18877

1.4

13371

1.2

11700

1.2

12093

1.1

11208

1.2

11405

1.2

11503

1.2

11503

1.2

11700

1.1

10913

2.3

22712

Cooling Water Pipe Lines

Lateral Pipes Maximum allowable flow, velocity and pressure drop

Pipe Size

(in)

(US gpm)

4

200

6

500

8

900

10

1500

12

2400

14

3100

16

4500

18

6000

3

100

Flow

(liter/s)

13 32 57 95 151 196 284 379 6

(ft/s)

5.1 5.6 5.8 6.1 6.8 7.2 7.9 8.3 4.3

Velocity

(m/s)

1.5 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.1 2.2 2.4 2.5 1.3

Pressure Drop

(ft H2O /100 (Pa/100 m) feet)

4.3

42179

3.2

31364

2.5

24383

2.1

20745

2.1

20647

2.1

20647

2.1

20549

2

19565

4.5

43949



209-522-3701

Water Flow (GPM/GPH) based on Pipe Size and Inside/Outside Diameters

Pipe Size (Sch. 40)

1/2" 3/4" 1" 1-1/4" 1-1/2" 2" 2-1/2" 3" 4" 5" 6" 8"

I.D. (range)

0.5 - 0.6" 0.75 - 0.85"

1 - 1.03" 1.25 - 1.36"

1.5 - 1.6" 1.95 - 2.05" 2.35 - 2.45" 2.9 - 3.05" 3.85 - 3.95" 4.95" - 5.05" 5.85 - 5.95"

7.96"

O.D.

0.85" 1.06" 1.33" 1.67" 1.9" 2.38" 2.89" 3.5" 4.5" 5.563" 6.61" 8.625"

Assume Gravity to Low Pressure. About 6 f/s

flow velocity, also suction side of pump

GPM (w/ min. PSI loss & noise)

7 11 16 25 35 55 80 140 240 380 550 950

GPH (w/ min. PSI loss & noise)

420 660 960 1,500 2,100 3,300 4,800 8,400 14,400 22,800 33,000 57,000

Assume Average Pressure

(20-100PSI). About 12 f/s flow velocity

Assume "High Pressure" PEAK flow. About 18 f/s flow velocity

GPM (w/ min. PSI loss & noise)

14 23 37 62 81 127 190 273 480 750 1100 1900

GPH (w/ min. PSI loss & noise)

840 1,410 2,200 3,750 4,830 7,650 11,400 16,350 28,800 45,000 66,000 114,000

GPM (w/ min. PSI loss & noise)

21 36 58 100 126 200 300 425 700 1,100 1700 2800

GPH (w/ min. PSI loss & noise)

1,260 2,160 3,480 6,000 7,560 12,00 18,000 25,500 42,000 66,000 102,000 168,000



209-522-3701

(m 3 /s)

3.00E-05 4.00E-05 5.00E-05 6.00E-05 7.00E-05 8.00E-05 9.00E-05 1.00E-04 1.10E-04 1.20E-04 1.30E-04 1.40E-04 1.50E-04 1.60E-04 1.70E-04 1.80E-04 1.90E-04 2.00E-04 3.00E-04

PolyEthylene Pipes, Flow and Pressure Loss

Flow

(liter/s)

0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.09 0.1 0.11 0.12 0.13 0.14 0.15 0.16 0.17 0.18 0.19 0.2 0.3

Nominal Pipe Size: 1/2"

Velocity

(US gpm) (m/s)

(ft/s)

(Pa/100m)

0.48

0.153

0.5

3550

0.63

0.2

0.67

5785

0.79

0.26

0.84

8629

0.95

0.31

1

11834

1.11

0.36

1.17

15302

1.27

0.41

1.34

19460

1.43

0.46

1.51

23298

1.59

0.51

1.67

28763

1.74

0.56

1.84

33809

1.9

0.61

2

39052

2.1

0.66

2.2

44443

2.2

0.71

2.3

51543

2.4

0.77

2.5

57321

2.5

0.82

2.7

65218

2.7

0.87

2.8

71250

2.9

0.92

3

79879

3

0.97

3.2

89001

3.2

1.02

3.3

95329

4.8

1.53

5

199697

Pressure Drop

(mmH 2 O/1 (psi/100ft) (ftH 2 O/100

00m)

ft)

362

0.157

0.36

590

0.26

0.59

880

0.38

0.88

1207

0.52

1.21

1560

0.68

1.56

1984

0.86

1.99

2376

1.03

2.4

2933

1.27

2.9

3447

1.49

3.5

3982

1.73

4

4532

1.96

4.5

5256

2.3

5.3

5845

2.5

5.9

6650

2.9

6.7

7265

3.1

7.3

8145

3.5

8.2

9075

3.9

9.1

9721

4.2

9.7

20363

8.8

20



209-522-3701

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