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3522345274320005933440-514985Page 41600Page 416Name: ___________________________________Class: ________________________Date: _________ Unit 4 Test: Evolution 5407660170815Answer Key:(4 points each)________________________________________________________________________________00Answer Key:(4 points each)________________________________________________________________________________..Section I: UnderstandingWhat is the scientific definition for the term "evolution?"The branch of science that deals with the identificationof the substances of which matter is composed.The study of how genes/traits are passed from parent to offspring.Change in the genetic traits of a species occurring over generations.None of the above.Which scientist came up with the Theory of Natural Selection?James Watson.c. Sir Isaac Newton.Francis Crick.d. Charles Darwin.In order for evolution to occur, you need inherited traits, a competingpopulation, and…Genetic variation.c. A stable environment.Millions of years.d. Camouflage.The Theory of Natural Selection says that…Genetic diversity has always existed.It is the role of humans to dictate our anisms that are better adapted to their environment are morelikely to survive and reproduce.The planet is actually much older than previously thought.None of the above.Since 1859, scientists have been collecting evidence related evolutionary theory.What type of evidence has proven most useful in confirming the theory?Skeletons of various modern animals.Fossils that show species changing over time.The discovery and decoding of DNA.Data collected from modern microscopes.What was the result of our Hawks & Field Mice Lab in the auditorium?The predators learned to find the prey.c. The mice evolved.The predators were the most fit to survive.d. The mice went extinct.Which of the following is the most recent example of evolution?The peppered moth adapting to blend in with ash-covered trees.Alligators evolving to live in fresh water.Elephants evolving to have shorter tusks.Hawks evolving to have longer wings.What is the definition of the term artificial selection?The selective breeding of plants/animals with the hope of producing offspring with desirable traits.The decoding of the human genome.A permanent alteration in the DNA sequence that makes up a gene.A type of reproduction by which offspring arise from a single parent organism.In evolutionary terms, the idea that any trait has both a good side and a bad side is called…a. Genetics. b. An evolutionary trade-off. c. A biological compromise. d. Colloquialism.During the "Could We Evolve?" lab, we simulated how in the next 1,000 years...Humans will evolve into a new species.c. Humans will evolve in small, subtle ways.Humans will evolve in many major ways.d. Humans will not evolve.Section II: ApplyingStick bugs have some pretty impressive camouflage. But there evolution was a long, slow process. Which paragraph below is the best explanation for how stick bugs got their camouflage? 378904570612000"Well according to the Evolutionary Tree, stick bugs evolved from trees and other plants. So they already had the DNA code for leaves, and chlorophyll, and all that. Then when they entered a new environment, those genes were turned on. And before you know it, we had insects with the DNA of trees or other plants.""It must have started with a normal species of bug. But if any of those bugs were a green or brown color, they were probably less likely to get eaten. So they reproduced and passed on that trait. Then later, any bugs who were long and thin (like a stick) probably blended in better. So they didn't get eaten. And then they reproduced. And on and on it went, until the species had a great number of these beneficial traits.""It's not a coincidence. The bugs were designed that way. Whoever the parents were of that species knew that they needed to blend in. So they chose traits for their children that would benefit them in that environment. They probably chose a green color, or a leaf shape, and then made sure that there children were put into the correct environment to fit that trait. They must have known that only the fittest of their offspring would survive."Evolutionary Theory basically says…Organisms evolve to fit their environment. c. Survival of the fittest.All life evolved from a common ancestor. d. All of the above.How has human skin tone evolved over the past several thousand years?Some of us evolved to have darker skin for better sunburn protection.Some of us evolved to have lighter skin, to better capture Vitamin-D.Some of us evolved to have thicker skin, to fight off germs.Human skin tone has not evolved.245745307340In what order did the three species below evolve? (from oldest to newest) a. Acanthostega Tiktaalik Acanthodiib. Tiktaalik Acanthodii Acanthostegac. Acanthodii Tiktaalik Acanthostegad. The three species above are not closely related.359854513525500During class we studied several examples of artificialselection, like the strange story of the Samurai Crab.What were two other examples that we studied?.The right whale & the modern iguana.The evolution of corn & dog breeding.The angler fish & apple farming.Race horses & the evolution of flowers.Which two species are missing fromthe evolutionary tree to the right?Humans & conodonts.Fish & rodents.Whales & snakes.Moss & ferns.Silverfish & whales.Mollusks & humans.Why do humans seem to prefer the tastes of certain “spices” (for example: cinnamon bark) over the tastes of other plants (for example: pine bark)?.Because cinnamon trees evolved to fit their new environment.Because cinnamon trees evolved more quickly than pine trees did.We evolved to like cinnamon because it kills germs.We evolved to like cinnamon because it has lots of vitamins.None of the above.420814547434500The diagram below shows the beaks of five species of birds that developed over time from one parent-species. The five species of birds can be found living in the same general area. Which of the following best explains why the beak shape of each species evolved differently?a. The beaks are just random genetic mutations.b. Each beak shape is an adaptation to a specific source of food.c. Each beak shape is designed to construct a different nest.d. Each beak shape was created to protect the birds from a different predator.For homework, we watched a video called "Malaria & Silent Spring." The video mainly had to do with...How malaria has evolved in the continent of Africa.How modern pesticides have forced bacteria to evolve.How malaria has evolved to resist new medicines.How mosquitos have evolved to become resistant to DDT.None of the above.Below is an excerpt from the famous book, "On the Origin of Species." Which pair of terms correctly fills in the blanks in the passage below?"Until now, most assumed that each species had been independently created. I have no doubt, after many years of study, that this belief is incorrect. I am fully convinced that species are not immutable; they are always ____________. And those similar species are actually descendants of some other long-extinct species. And in the same manner as the ____________, the acknowledged varieties of those species arose with time. Furthermore, I am convinced that natural selection has been the main means of modification, of all life, throughout Earth’s history." a. Changing… apes.c. Changing… finches. b. Growing… apes.d. Growing… finches. e. None of the above.Section III: The Real World (5 points each)21.Imagine you are a biologist working for a drug company. Your boss asks you to plan an experiment to test a drug called zibloxyn, a new antibiotic that is supposed to cure strep throat. What are the materials you would need to do your experiment? Make a materials list below.22.Design a lab procedure that would allow you test the effectiveness of the drug zibloxyn. 23.After the experiment, it comes time to analyze your results. Explain what you would look for to determine whether the drug was effective.24.After reading your lab report, your boss comes to your office angry. "This drug is going to cost thousands of dollars to make!" he says, "There are already 9 or 10 different antibiotics out there. Why should we waste our money developing another one?" What would your response be? ................
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