Preface



Preface

Welcome to the Water Environment Federation‘s (WEF’s) publication on Membrane Systems for Wastewater Treatment! This publication is a comprehensive educational text for professionals concerned with membrane equipment, systems, and processes in wastewater treatment and reclamation.

Membrane Systems for Wastewater Treatment provides a comprehensive overview of the various technologies and their applications in the field of wastewater treatment. This publication is not intended to be a design manual but rather an overview of the system configurations and components, as well as general operations and maintenance procedures. WEF recognizes the huge potential of membrane applications for wastewater treatment. This publication is intended to put practical information about these systems into the hands of wastewater professionals in order to promote the assessment of membrane technologies as a potential wastewater treatment alternative.

Membrane Systems for Wastewater Treatment covers some background information on general membrane topics prior to covering details on wastewater applications. The three primary wastewater membrane applications covered in this publication are:

• Membrane bioreactors;

• Low pressure membranes (microfiltration/ultrafiltration) for effluent filtration; and

• Nanofiltration/reverse osmosis for advanced post-treatment.

The discussion on each of these applications includes the common process configurations, unique operational considerations, monitoring and control equipment and strategies, general cleaning and maintenance procedures as well as examples of troubleshooting guidance. Case studies are included in the last chapter.

This publication was primarily written to contribute to the resources and information available to wastewater professionals including operators, maintenance technicians, utility managers, engineers/consultants and engineering students.

Membrane technologies and applications in wastewater treatment and reclamation are evolving. Rapid progress, including the development of new membrane materials, configurations and operational strategies, makes this an exciting time to work with these systems. WEF recognizes that this material will require review and update more frequently than many other wastewater topics. We urge the users of this Manual to submit any comments and suggested updates for consideration for inclusion in future editions of this publication. These comments will be gratefully accepted at optrain@.

Membrane Systems for Wastewater Treatment was produced under the direction of Khalil Atasi, Chair.

The principal authors of the publication are:

Khalil Atasi – Wade-Trim, Inc.

George Crawford – CH2M HILL

Jill Manning Hudkins – Hartman & Associates, Inc., A Tetra Tech Co.

Dennis Livingston – Enviroquip, Inc.

Rod Reardon – Camp Dresser & McKee, Inc. (CDM)

Hal Schmidt – Brown and Caldwell

The following reviewers and contributors are gratefully acknowledged:

Kevin Alexander

Elena Bailey

Scott Blair

Bob Bucher

Stephen Chapman

Pierre Côte

Glen Daigger

Francis DiGiano

Don Dodson

Scott Freeman

Jim Hagstrom

Colin Hobbs

Simon Judd

Jarrett Kinslow

Angela Klein

John Koch

Terry Krause

Henryk Melcer

Trevor Miller

Mehul Patel

Deo Phagoo

Keith Radick

Kim Riddell

Marie-Laure Rodde-Pellegrin

Cory Schneider

Alan Scrivner

Reza Shamskhorzani

Tom Stephenson

Paul Sutton

George Tchobanoglous

Steve Tedesco

Srinivas Veerapaneni

William Vernon

Cindy Wallis-Lage

Fufang Zha

The following organizations provided materials and/or supported author or reviewer efforts:

AES Engineering

American Water Works Association

Black & Veatch

Bio-Microbics, Inc.

Brown and Caldwell

Camp Dresser & McKee Inc. (CDM)

Carollo Engineers

CH2M HILL, Inc.

City of Delphos, Ohio

City of Scottsdale, Arizona

Consept (Drinking Water Inspectorate)

Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

Drinking Water Inspectorate

Dow Liquid Separations; FILMTEC™

Earth Tech

Eimco (Jones and Atwood)

Enviroquip, Inc.

Floyd Browne Group

General Electric

Hach Company

Hartman & Associates, Inc., a Tetra Tech Company

Hydranautics

ITT Sanitaire Americas

IWA Publishing Ltd. London, UK

Jordan Jones & Goulding

King County Department of Natural Resources and Parks

Kubota Corporation

Malcolm Pirnie, Inc.

Memcor Products, USFilter

OMI

Orange County Water District

Pall Corporation

P. M. Sutton and Associates

Running Springs WWTP

School of Water Sciences, Cranfield University

Separation Processes, Inc.

Tetra Tech, Inc.

USFilter

Wade-Trim, Inc.

Water Environment Research Foundation

ZENON Environmental Inc.

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