Pg 607+
Semicolons and Colons: Primary Uses and Examples
Semicolons:
Semicolons are used to:
➢ Separate main clauses. Do not use a coordinating conjunction (such as and or but)
Main Clause Main Clause
← Jakob Dylan is following in his father’s footsteps; Bob Dylan is proud of his son.
← Many books have been written about the Beatles; however, The Beatles Anthology has been written by the surviving Beatles themselves.
➢ Separate word groups in a series when the main word groups have words that are separated by commas
← When we go to the Renaissance Festival, we end up devouring turkey legs, sausages, and meat pies; watching the jousting, acting, and juggling; and shopping for clothing, art work, and musical instruments.
• Notice the pattern of the items in the sentence:
□ devouring turkey legs, sausages, and meat pies;
□ watching the jousting, acting, and juggling;
□ shopping for clothing, art work, and musical instruments.
Colons:
▪ Colons are used to:
➢ Introduce a list
← Maria will bring the following items: potato chips, soda, and pasta salad.
➢ Separate closely related main clauses, like this → statement: example/explanation
Statement example/explanation
← Lowell finally understood why his girlfriend would not return his calls: She had decided that they were through. (The statement after the colon answers the why of the first statement.)
• Note: For a grammatically complete sentence following a colon, the first letter may be either capitalized or lowercase.
➢ Introduce an appositive (nonessential describing word or phrase) at the end of a complete sentence
Complete Sentence Appositive
← Make your purchases on the basis of two criteria: cost and usefulness.
➢ End the salutation of a business letter
← Dear Professor Hastings:
➢ Introduce a quotation.
← John Smith claimed: “There is no gold in the New World.”
Source: A Writer’s Workshop: Crafting Paragraphs, Building Essays by Bob Brannan
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