List of Symbols

[Pages:8]List of Symbols

a atmosphere speed of sound a exponent in approximate thrust formula ac aerodynamic center a acceleration vector a0 airfoil angle of attack for zero lift A aspect ratio A system matrix A aerodynamic force vector b span b exponent in approximate SFC formula c chord cd airfoil drag coefficient cl airfoil lift coefficient cl airfoil lift curve slope cmac airfoil pitching moment about the aerodynamic center cr root chord ct tip chord c? mean aerodynamic chord C specfic fuel consumption Cc corrected specfic fuel consumption CD drag coefficient CDf friction drag coefficient CDi induced drag coefficient CDw wave drag coefficient CD0 zero-lift drag coefficient Cf skin friction coefficient CF compressibility factor CL lift coefficient

CL CLmax Cmac CT CmT CW d det D e E E EO f f F FS F FF g g gs g1 g2 H G G h ht hH h

lift curve slope maximum lift coefficient pitching moment about the aerodynamic center nondimensional thrust nondimensional thrust moment nondimensional weight diameter determinant drag Oswald's efficiency factor origin of ground axes system aerodynamic efficiency or lift to drag ratio position vector flap f factor equivalent parasite area distance factor stick force force vector form factor acceleration of gravity acceleration of gravity vector acceleration of gravity at sea level function in Mach number for drag divergence function in Mach number for drag divergence elevator hinge moment time factor elevator gearing altitude above sea level altitude of the tropopause height of HT ac above wing c? rate of climb

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i iH iW IF ISA ISBJ Iyy j J k k K K l L L m M M IF MD MA MT IF n n N O p P PS q

unit vector horizontal tail incidence wing incidence interference factor ideal subsonic airplane ideal subsonic business jet mass moment of inertial about the yb axis unit vector performance index ratio of specific heats unit vector induced drag factor correction factor length lift rolling moment mass Mach number pitching moment interference factor Mach number for drag divergence aerodynamic pitching moment thrust pitching moment interference factor number of intervals load factor yawing moment center of gravity atmospheric pressure power setting specific excess power pitch rate perturbation

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q? q?H Q Q r rs R Re s S SBJ SF C Sc Swet 6DOF t t t/c T Tc T 3DOF u u U v V VC VD VLO

dynamic pressure dynamic pressure in front of horizontal tail pitch rate nondimensional pitch rate turn radius radius of the earth at sea level gas constant for air Reynolds number distance along a turn planform area subsonic business jet in App. A specific fuel consumption planform area of wing associated with control wetted area six degree of freedom motion time maximum thickness thickness ratio Thrust corrected thrust thrust vector three degree of freedom motion nondimensional speed velocity component along ground x axis velocity component along body x axis velocity along the ground y axis velocity corner speed decision speed lift-off speed

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VR rotation speed VT D touchdown speed V velocity vector Ve equivalent airspeed V?H horizontal tail volume coefficient V0 velocity of the airplane relative to the ground w velocity component along ground h axis w wind speed wh component of wind speed in the h direction wx component of wind speed in the x direction w velocity vector of the atmosphere relative to the ground W weight W velocity component on body z axis x distance x coordinate axis X distance aft of the wing mean aerodynamic chord leading edge X? X divided by c? y distance y coordinate axis z coordinate axis angle of attack angle of attack perturbation ? angle of attack in Chaps, 10 and 11 angle of attack rate perturbation H horizontal tail angle of attack 0L zero lift angle of attack angle of attack rate sideslip angle flight path inclination, climb angle

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 control delflection angle E elevator angle ?E elevator angle in Chaps. 10 and 11 E elevator angle perturbation T trim tab angle thrust angle of attack downwash at the horizontal tail slope of the downwash curve 0 angle between thrust vector and the body x-axis 0 HT downwash angle at = 0 damping ratio corrected engine speed H horizontal tail efficiency factor perturbed pitch angle pitch angle perturbation ratio of cl to (cl)theory scale height taper ratio root of the characteristic equation sweep angle ? atmospheric viscosity ? bank angle ? coefficient of rolling friction coordinate of the aerodynamic center in the x direction atmospheric density ratio of density to density at sea level summation atmosphere absolute temperature control surface effectiveness nondimensional thrust

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E elevator effectiveness pitch angle perturbation ? airfoil elevator effectiveness angle between regular body x axis and stability x axis heading angle turn rate n natural frequency

Subscripts ac aerodynamic center b body cg center of gravity D drag F flap h local horizon h hinge moment hc half chord H horizontal tail le leading edge L lift LO lift-off m moment max maximum mt maximum thickness o relative to the ground ps peak suction q pitch rate perturbation qc quarter chord Q nondimensional pitch rate

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r reference

s sea level

s stability

S slat

S specific

t

troposphere

T D touchdown

x component in the x direction

h component in the h direction

stall stall speed

te trailing edge

T tip tank

u velocity perturbation

w wind

W wing

W weight

W B wing-body

0 a value with =0 and E=0

1 steady state

angle of attack

E elevator angle

angle of attack rate

Superscripts A aerodynamic T thrust stick free maximum lift to drag ratio

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