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Explain the causes of heart disease (6).There are a number of causes of heart disease. A poor diet means that fatty foods increase cholesterol which builds up in the arteries increasing the chance of heart disease (1). Fatty foods also leave people overweight which puts extra strain on the heart (1). Lack of exercise raises blood pressure and cholesterol levels (narrowing arteries) (1). If you smoke nicotine increases heart rate and blood pressure so heart needs more oxygen to work correctly (1). However, smokers receive less oxygen so putting heart under extra strain (1). Stress increase a persons blood pressure and this puts extra pressure on the heart (1) People under stress also indulge in comfort eating (junk food) which can cause heart disease (arteries clogged up!) (1). People can inherit a risk of high blood pressure and high cholesterol from their parents (1). Explain the effects of heart disease (6).If there is a high rate of heart disease then this can cause the life expectancy of the country to decrease (1). If people are dying or if people are ill with heart disease, then this means that there will be a lack of workers which can hinder the development of a country (1). Due to people taking time out of work due to heart disease then the government will be strained as they need to spend more money on benefits/support services (1). There will also be a strain on healthcare due to more money being needed to be spent on dealing with heart disease – such as drugs to treat it and care within hospitals (1). In Scotland, ?800 million a year is needing to be spent to deal with heart disease (1). This can lead to funding being diverted from other diseases due to the high prevalence of heart disease (1). An effect on the people is that children can inherit heart disease from their parents (1). This could also mean that more money is needed spent by the government on advanced screenings, education, research etc. (1)Explain ways in which disease can be controlled (6).There are many ways healthcare can help control heart disease. There are now better equipment available to treat heart disease such as a stint to widen arteries (help blood pass through them) (1). Heart bypass surgery can be used to replace arteries which have been clogged up by cholesterol (1). Beta blockers help reduce someones heart rate and therefore lower the chance of a heart attack (1) whereas Alpha blocker help reduce blood pressure (1). To help lower smoking rates, advertisements have been placed on smoking packets to show the heart diseases risks of smoking – this will deter people from smoking (1). The NHS has encouraged people to eat more fruit and veg to help lower cholesterol levels which block arteries (1). More exercise will reduce blood pressure and cholesterol levels – Scottish schools give compulsory PE to help with this (1). Schools are educating children on the risks of heart disease and how to prevent it such as HE teaching the right foods to eat (1). To stop alcohol from increasing your blood pressure, Scotland has brought in minimum alcohol pricing to make it harder for people to binge drink (1). 2676585377340 ................
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