Lecturer Support Material

Professional Development Unit 5: Special Education

PD 5.1 Introduction to Special Education

Lecturer Support Material

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PD 5.1 Introduction to Special Education

Acknowledgements

Materials written by John August

Heribert Eato

Rick Frost

Hans Gapog

John Hulum

Arnold Koima

Augustine Koroma Donna Mailil

John Pokana

Kitione Ravulo

Vengal Vangun

David Wengip

Materials compiled and edited by Rick Frost

Thank you to Nick Lauer for assistance with computer graphics

Unit outline

Module 1 Introduction to Special Education is the first module in Professional Development Unit 5 ? Special Education. The Lecturers' Support Material for Modules 1 and 2 booklets are accompanied by the Special Education Student Support Material. The material is also accompanied by the students' assessment schedules developed separately in each primary teachers college.

Unit

5

Modules

Unit 5

5.1

Special

5.2

Education

5.3

5.4

Introduction to Special Education (Core)

Inclusive Education (Core)

Collaborative Planning (Elective)

Intervention Strategies (Elective)

PASTEP

Primary and Secondary Teacher Education Project

Australian Agency for International Development (AusAID) GRM International

Papua New Guinea ? Australia Development Cooperation Program

Lecturer Support Material

PD 5.1 Introduction to Special Education

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Contents

Topic 1a

Special Education - Definition What will students learn in this topic? How is Special Education - Definition linked to

other topics in Module 1? What is special education? How does a teacher learn about special education? Who is special education for? Special education terminology Further reading References

Page 1 1

1 3 3 5 8 9 9

Topic 1b Special Education ? Beliefs and Attitudes

10

What will students learn in this topic?

10

Beliefs

11

Traditional beliefs

11

Christian beliefs

11

Contemporary beliefs

12

Consequences

12

Attitude

13

Changing attitudes

14

Advocacy

16

References

17

Topic 2

Disabilities ? Types, Causes and Prevention

18

What will students learn in this topic?

18

How is Disabilities linked to other topics in Module 1?

18

Why do trainee teachers need to understand disability types,

causes and prevention?

18

What types of disabilities are there?

19

Learning difficulties

20

Intellectual disability

25

Physical disabilities

29

Hearing impairment

35

Speech impairment

38

Vision impairment

40

Behavioural and emotional disorders

45

References

48

Lecturer Support Material

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PD 5.1 Introduction to Special Education

Topic 3 Topic 4

Rights and Policies

49

What will students learn in this topic?

50

How is Rights and Policies linked to other topics in Module 1? 50

The rights of individuals

51

The inclusive education policy of Papua New Guinea

55

Benefits of inclusion

56

References

58

Support Services

59

What will students learn in this topic?

59

How is Support Services linked to other topics in Module 1? 59

Service providers

60

Provincial education offices

61

Special education resource centres

61

Other assistance

66

Accessing and utilizing support

66

References

67

Lecturer Support Material

PD 5.1 Introduction to Special Education

1

Module 1

Introduction

Topic 1a:

Special education -- definition

Planned hours:

2 lectures (1 hour presentation & 1 hour student activities) 1 hour student research & study

Introduction

Special Education is the design and delivery of teaching and learning strategies for individuals with disabilities or learning difficulties who may or may not be enrolled in regular schools. Students who need special education may include students who have hearing impairment or are deaf, students who have vision impairment or are blind, students with physical disabilities, students with intellectual disability, students with learning difficulties, students with behaviour disorders or emotional disturbance, and students with speech or language difficulties. Some students have a number of disabilities and learning difficulties.

There are students who require special education of some kind in most elementary and primary school classes, and with changing social values, increased acceptance and tolerance, and growth in the provision of services and resources for special education across Papua New Guinea, it is likely that the numbers of students with special educational needs attending regular schools will increase rapidly. Consequently, it is essential that all teachers develop practical and effective special educational skills so that they may ensure that all students in their classes, including those with special educational needs, learn effectively.

)

Class discussion

What do students know about special education? Who is special education for? Who teaches special education? How many students who need special education are there in schools?

What will students learn in this topic? ? Students will explore the term special education and the role of special education in education ? Students will review types of special educational needs and discuss their prevalence ? Students will explore the role of the regular schoolteacher in special education ? Students will examine an overview of Special Education Unit 1 ? Students will examine terminology associated with disability and special education

How is Special Education ? Definition linked to other topics in Module 1 Introduction? Module 1 provides information about the context in which special education is provided in regular schools across Papua New Guinea. This includes an examination of who special education is intended for. Topic 1a Special Education ? Definition is intended to assist students to understand what is currently meant by the very broad term, special education, in the PNG context, while Topic 1b Special Education ? Attitudes and Beliefs examines the

Lecturer Support Material

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