Biology



Biology Name ____________________________________

Ch. 9 – Photosynthesis Review Period ___________ Date ___________________

Vocabulary Word

Autotrophs: _________________________________________________________________________

Heterotrophs: ________________________________________________________________________

Photosynthesis: ______________________________________________________________________

Chloroplast: _________________________________________________________________________

Thylakiods: _________________________________________________________________________

Grana: _____________________________________________________________________________

Stroma: _____________________________________________________________________________

Pigments: ___________________________________________________________________________

Chlorophyll A: _______________________________________________________________________

Chlorophyll B: _______________________________________________________________________

Carotenoid: __________________________________________________________________________

Photosystem: ________________________________________________________________________

Calvin Cycle: ________________________________________________________________________

Stomata: ____________________________________________________________________________

Questions

1. What is the difference between autotrophs and heterotrophs? Be sure to describe both. ___________ _________________________________________________________________________________

2. What types of organisms use photosynthesis? Name at least two. ____________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________

3. What types of organisms are chemoautotrophs? What do they do for food? ____________________ _________________________________________________________________________________

4. Describe what a biochemical pathway is. _______________________________________________

5. Write the equation for photosynthesis. _________________________________________________

6. What are chloroplasts? ______________________________________________________________

a. Where do the light reactions take place? _____________________________________________

b. Where do the dark reactions take place? _____________________________________________

7. What do pigments do for a plant? _____________________________________________________

a. What color does chlorophyll appear (reflect) to be? ____________________________________

b. What colors does chlorophyll absorb? _______________________________________________

c. What colors do carotenoids appear (reflect) to be? _____________________________________

d. What color do carotenoids absorb? _________________________________________________

8. Why do some trees change colors in the fall? ____________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________

9. What is a photosystem? _____________________________________________________________

10. Why does Photosystem II come before Photosystem I? ____________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________

11. What does an “electron transport chain” do? _____________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________

12. Where do plants get electrons for the photosystems? ______________________________________

13. Consider the light reactions.

a. What is the power source of the light reactions? _______________________________________

b. What are the 2 main products? _____________________________________________________

c. Why are those products important? _________________________________________________

d. What are the 3 things gained by the splitting of H20? ___________________________________

14. Consider the dark reactions.

a. What is the power source of the dark reactions? _______________________________________

b. Where does this power come from? _________________________________________________

c. What is the main product of the dark reactions? _______________________________________

d. Where do plants get the carbon for question “c”? ______________________________________

15. What does it mean when plants “fix carbon”? ____________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________

16. What are plants that use the Calvin Cycle called? _________________________________________

17. What is different between those plants in question 16 and “C4” plants? _______________________ _________________________________________________________________________________

18. What are some examples of C4 plants? _________________________________________________

19. What is different about CAM Pathway plants? ___________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________

20. What are some examples of CAM plants? _______________________________________________

21. Describe how the following factors influence photosynthesis.

a. Light _________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________

b. Carbon Dioxide ________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________

c. Temperature ___________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________

Possible Essay

1. Explain the light reaction processes, products, and what those products are used for.

2. Scientists have been able to induce chloroplasts to produce ATP in the dark. First, they remove intact chloroplasts from plants. Next, they soak the chloroplasts in a solution with a low pH (about 4) and keep them in the dark. After a period of time, the chloroplasts are removed from the low pH solution and placed in a higher pH solution (about 8), again in the dark. ATP is soon found to be present in the higher pH solution.

a. Evaluate the results of this experiment. Include an explanation of what apparently happened to the chloroplasts while they were in the low pH solution and how this enabled them to produce ATP when they were placed in the higher pH solution.

b. What occurs in chloroplasts exposed to light that was simulated in this experiment?

3. Explain why the leaves of plants appear green to the human eye.

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