Biology
The Immune System – The body’s defense system
3 Lines of Defense
• First line - Surface and Mucus Barrier
– ____________ and Chemical barriers
• Second Line
– Inflammatory response and __________ response
• Third Line – Immune response
• The purposes of these are to protect your body against ___________
– Pathogens – viruses, bacteria and other microorganisms that cause disease
Surface Barriers or Mucosal Immunity (1st Line)
• Skin
– The skin cannot be penetrated by most organisms unless it already has an opening, such as a nick, scratch, or cut.
• Mechanically
– pathogens are expelled from the lungs by ciliary action as the tiny hairs move in an upward motion; coughing and sneezing abruptly eject both living and nonliving things from the respiratory system
– the flushing action of tears, saliva, and urine also force out pathogens, as does the sloughing off of skin.
• Sticky mucus in respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts traps many microorganisms.
Surface Barriers Continued
• Acid pH ( ................
................
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