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QUICK REFERENCE

Speeds

• Never exceed speed (VNE) 154 KIAS

• Max structural cruising speed (VNO) 125 KIAS

• Design maneuvering speed (VA)

At 2550 lbs. G.W. 113 KIAS

At 1634 lbs. G.W. 89 KIAS

• Best rate of climb speed (VY) 76 KIAS

• Best angle of climb speed (VX) 64 KIAS

• Rotation speed (VR) app. 57 KIAS

• Turbulent air operating speed 113 KIAS

• Maximum flap speed (VFE) 102 KIAS

• Initial final approach speed 75 KIAS

• Final approach speed (Flaps 40º) 66 KIAS

• Maximum demonstrated crosswind 17 KTS

• Best glide speed (VGLIDE) 76 KIAS

• Stall speeds

• 2550 lbs. (0º flaps) 50 KIAS

• 2550 lbs. (Full flaps) 45 KIAS

Weights

• Maximum Ramp 2558 lbs.

• Maximum Weight 2550 lbs.

• Maximum Baggage 200 lbs.

Fuel Limitations

• Total capacity 50 U.S. GAL

• Unusable fuel 2 U.S. GAL

• Usable fuel 48 U.S. GAL

Performance

• Best economy mixture lean to peak EGT

• Best power mixture 100ºF rich of peak EGT

NORMAL PROCEDURES

Preflight Inspection

1. Cabin

a. Control wheel release restraints

b. Parking brake set

c. Avionics OFF

d. All switches OFF

e. Mixture idle cut-off

f. Magneto switches OFF

g. Battery master switches ON

h. Fuel gauges check quantity

i. Annunciator panel check

j. Interior Lights Night check

k. Exterior Lights...............................check

l. Stall horn check

m. Pitot Heat........................................check

n. Battery master switch OFF

o. Flaps extend

p. Flight Controls................Free & Correct

q. Trim neutral

r. Pitot and static systems drain

s. Windows check clean

t. Required papers & POH on board

u. Tow bar and baggage stow & secure

v. Baggage door close & secure

CAUTION: Care should be taken when an ops check of the heated pitot head is being performed. The unit becomes very hot. Ground operation should be limited to 3 minutes to avoid damaging the heater elements.

CAUTION: When draining any amount of fuel, care should be taken to ensure that no fire hazard exists before starting engine.

2. Right Wing

a. Surface condition clear of frost/ice

b. Flap and hinges check

c. Aileron and hinges check

d. Static wicks check - secure

e. Wing tip and lights check

f. Fuel tank check supply/secure cap

g. Fuel tank vent clear

h. Fuel tank sump drain and check

i. Tie down and chock remove

j. Main gear strut check (4.5” ±.25”)

k. Tire check

l. Brake block and disk check

m. Fresh air inlet clear

3. Nose

a. General condition check

b. Cowling secure

c. Windshield clean

d. Propeller and spinner check

e. Air inlets clear

f. Engine baffle seals check

g. Chock remove

h. Nose gear strut Check (3.25” ±.25”)

i. Nose wheel tire check

j. Oil check quantity

k. Dipstick properly seated

l. Oil filler cap secure

m. Fuel strainer drain

4. Left Wing

a. Surface condition clear of frost/ice

b. Fresh air inlet clear

c. Fuel tank sump drain and check

d. Fuel tank vent clear

e. Main gear strut check (4.5” ±.25”)

f. Tire check

g. Brake block and disk check

h. Tie down and chock remove

i. Fuel tank check supply/secure cap

j. Pitot/static head holes clear

k. Wing tip and lights check

l. Aileron and hinges check

m. Flap and hinges check

n. Static wicks check – secure

5. Fuselage

a. Antennas check

b. Empennage clear frost/ice

c. Stabilator and trim tab check

d. Tie down remove

Before Starting Engine

1. Preflight inspection complete

2. Brakes set

3. Circuit breakers check in

4. Alternate static source OFF

5. Carb heat full cold

6. Flaps retract

7. Avionics OFF

8. Fuel selector desired tank

9. Passengers briefed

10. Seats Adjusted & locked in position

11. Seat belts & harnesses....................Fastened

NOTE: If engine does not start within 10 seconds, prime and repeat starting procedure. Maximum 5 start attempts permitted, allow a 2 minute rest period before each attempt. If not achieved by 5th attempt. Allow a 30 minute cooling period before reattempt.

Caution: Do not attempt flight is there is no indication of alternator output.

Caution: If a positive oil pressure is not indicated within 30 seconds following an engine start, stop the engine and determine the trouble. In cold weather it will take a few seconds longer to get a positive oil pressure indication.

Normal Start - Cold Engine

1. Throttle 1/4” open

2. Battery master switch ON

3. Alternator switch ON

4. Left magneto ON

5. Electric fuel pump ON

6. Anti-collision lights ON

7. Mixture full RICH

8. Propeller area cleared

9. Starter engage (max 10 second crank)

10. Throttle adjust to maintain 1000 RPM

11. Right magneto ON

12. Oil pressure check

13. Avionics On

Normal Start - Hot Engine

1. Throttle..............................................1/2” open

2. Battery Master Switch.................................On

3. Alternator Switch.........................................On

4. Left Magneto................................................On

5. Electric Fuel Pump......................................On

6. Mixture................................................full RICH

7. Propeller area.......................................cleared

8. Starter engage (max 10 second crank)

9. Right Magneto Switch................................On

10. Oil Pressure...........................................check

11. Avionics......................................................On

Engine Start when Flooded

1. Throttle open full

2. Battery master switch ON

3. Alternator switch ON

4. Anti-collision lights ON

5. Left magneto ON

6. Electric fuel pump OFF

7. Mixture idle cut-off

8. Propeller area cleared

9. Starter engage (max 10 second crank)

10. Mixture advance

11. Throttle adjust to maintain 1000 RPM

12. Right magneto ON

13. Oil Pressure check

14. Avionics master ON

Warm-Up

1. Throttle.......................................800-1200 RPM

Before Taxiing

1. Radios/Avionics as required

2. Fuel selector switch tanks

Taxiing

1. Taxi area clear

2. Parking Brake.....................................released

3. Throttle.........................................apply slowly

4. Brakes check

5. Steering check

Ground Check

1. Brakes set

2. Run-up area clear

3. Throttle 2000 RPM

4. Magnetos max drop 175 RPM

max differential 50 RPM

5. Vacuum 4.8 to 5.2 in. Hg.

6. Oil temperature check

7. Oil pressure check

8. Air conditioner (if installed) check

9. Ammeter check

10. Annunciator panel check

11. Carburetor heat approx. 75 RPM drop

12. Electric fuel pump OFF

13. Fuel pressure check

14. Idle check

15. Throttle 1000 RPM

Before Takeoff

1. Flight instruments check and set

2. Flight controls free and correct

3. Fuel selector proper tank

4. Electric fuel pump ON

5. Landing light ...............................................ON

6. Engine gauges check

7. Carburetor heat OFF

8. Mixture set

9. Seat backs erect

10. Seats adjusted and locked in position

11. Belts/harness fastened/check

12. Flaps set

13. Trim set

14. Doors latched

15. Air conditioner (if installed) OFF

16. Takeoff briefed

17. Anti-collision lights set

18. Transponder set

Takeoff

Normal

1. Flaps...........................................................set

2. Tab..............................................................set

3. Accelerate to................................ 52-65 KIAS

4. Control Wheel..................back pressure to rotate to climb attitude

Short Field, Obstacle Clearance

1. Flaps...........................................................25o

2. Accelerate to.................................41-49 KIAS

3. Control Wheel.......................back pressure to rotate to climb attitude

4. After breaking ground accelerate to 45-54 KIAS depending on weight.

5. Accelerate to......................................64 KIAS

6. Flaps.........................................slowly retract

7. Accelerate to......................................76 KIAS

Soft Field

1. Flaps...........................................................250

2. Accelerate to.................................41-49 KIAS

3. Control wheel..........back pressure to rotate to climb attitude

4. After breaking ground, accelerate to 45-54 KIAS depending on weight

5. Accelerate to......................................76 KIAS

6. Flaps.........................................retract slowly

Climb

1. Flaps retracted

2. Best rate (flaps up) 76 KIAS

3. Best angle (flaps up) 64 KIAS

4. En route climb 87 KIAS

5. Electric fuel pump OFF at desired altitude

6. Landing Light.............................................OFF

Cruise

1. Power set per power table

2. Mixture adjust

Pre-Maneuver (I.P. 3 C’s)

1. Instruments checked

2. Position nearest emergency landing

3. Configuration check

4. Fuel fullest tank

5. Fuel pump ON

6. Mixture full rich

7. Ignition both

8. Landing/anti-collision ON

9. Clearing turns & Call performed

Post-Maneuver

1. Landing light OFF

2. Electric fuel pump OFF

3. Mixture adjust

4. Engine gauges check

Descent

Normal Descent

1. Throttle max 2500 RPM

2. Airspeed max 122 KIAS

3. Mixture RICH

4. Carburetor heat ON (if required)

Power off Descent

1. Carburetor heat ON (if required)

2. Throttle closed

3. Airspeed as required

4. Mixture as required

5. Power verify with throttle every 30 seconds

Approach and Landing

1. Fuel selector proper tank

2. Seat backs erect

3. Seats adjusted and locked in position

4. Belts/harness fasten/adjust

5. Electric fuel pump ON

6. Landing Light............................................. ON

7. Mixture set

8. Flaps set - 102 KIAS max

9. Air conditioner (if installed) OFF

10. Initial approach speed 75 KIAS

11. Final approach speed (flaps 40º) 66 KIAS

After Landing

1. Power 1000 RPM

2. Flaps retract

3. Electric fuel pump OFF

4. Landing light OFF

5. Pitot heat OFF

6. Carburetor heat OFF

7. Transponder STBY

Engine Shutdown

1. Flaps retract

2. Electric fuel pump OFF

3. Air conditioner (if installed) OFF

4. Avionics OFF

5. Electrical Switches OFF

6. Throttle IDLE

7. Magnetos Checked & Grounded

8. Mixture Closed

9. Magnetos OFF

10. Alternator switch OFF

11. Battery master switch OFF

Parking

1. Parking Brake..............................................set

2. All Switches...............................................OFF

3. Doors...................................................secured

4. Tie Downs & Chocks..........................secured

ABNORMAL & EMERGENCY PROCEDURES

Engine Fire During Start

1. Starter crank engine

2. Mixture idle cutoff

3. Throttle open

4. Electric fuel pump OFF

5. Fuel selector OFF

6. Abandon if fire continues

Engine Power Loss During Takeoff

1. If sufficient runway remains for a normal landing

2. Land straight ahead.

If insufficient runway remains:

1. Maintain safe airspeed

2. Make only shallow turns to avoid obstructions

3. Flaps as situations requires

If sufficient altitude has been gained to attempt a restart:

1. Maintain safe airspeed VGLIDE 76 KIAS

2. Fuel selector switch tanks (with fuel)

3. Electric fuel pump check ON

4. Mixture check RICH

5. Carburetor heat ON

6. If power is not regained, proceed with power off landing

Engine Power Loss in Flight

1. Fuel selector switch tanks (with fuel)

2. Electric fuel pump ON

3. Mixture RICH

4. Carburetor heat ON

5. Engine gauges check

If no fuel pressure is indicated, check tank selector position to be sure it is on a tank containing fuel.

When power is restored:

1. Carburetor heat OFF

2. Electric fuel pump OFF

If power is not restored, prepare for power off landing.

Power off Landing

1. Trim for 76 KIAS

2. Locate suitable field

3. Establish spiral pattern

4. 1000 feet above field at downwind position for normal landing approach

5. When field can be easily reached, slow to 66 KIAS for shortest landing

6. Touchdown should normally be made at lowest possible airspeed with full flaps

When committed to landing:

1. Flaps as desired

2. Throttle Close

3. Mixture idle cutoff

4. Magnetos OFF

5. Battery master switch OFF

6. Alternator switch OFF

7. Fuel selector OFF

8. Seat belt and harness tight

Fire in Flight

• Source of fire check

Electrical fire (smoke in cabin):

1. Battery master switch OFF

2. Alternator switch OFF

3. Vents open

4. Cabin heat OFF

5. Land as soon as practicable

Engine Fire:

1. Fuel selector OFF

2. Throttle CLOSED

3. Mixture idle cutoff

4. Electric fuel pump check OFF

5. Heater/defroster OFF

6. Proceed with power off landing procedure

High Oil Temperature

1. Land at nearest airport and investigate the problem.

2. Prepare for a power off landing.

Loss of Oil Pressure

1. Land as soon as possible and investigate cause.

2. Prepare for a power off landing.

Loss of Fuel Pressure

1. Electric fuel pump ON

2. Fuel selector check on full tank

Carburetor Icing

1. Carburetor heat ON

2. Mixture adjust for max smoothness

Engine Roughness

1. Carburetor heat ON

If roughness continues after one minute:

1. Carburetor heat OFF

2. Mixture adjust for max smoothness

3. Electric fuel pump ON

4. Fuel selector switch tanks

5. Engine gauges check

6. Magneto switch check Left then Right

If operation is satisfactory on either one, continue on that magneto at reduced power and full “RICH” mixture to first airport.

Prepare for power off landing.

Alternator Failure

1. Verify failure

2. Reduce electrical load as much as possible

3. Alternator circuit breakers check

4. Alt switch OFF(for 1 second), then ON

If no output:

1. Alt switch OFF

Reduce electrical load and land as soon as practical

Spin Recovery

1. Rudder full opposite of rotation

2. Yoke full forward

3. Ailerons neutral

4. Throttle idle

5. Rudder neutral (when spin stops)

6. Yoke as required to regain level flight

Open Door

If both upper and side latches are open, the door will trail slightly open and airspeeds will be reduced slightly.

To close the door in flight:

1. Slow airspeed 87 KIAS

2. Cabin vents close

3. Storm window open

If upper latch is open latch

If side latch is open pull on armrest while moving latch handle to latched position

If both latches are open secure side latch then top latch

Electrical Failures

NOTE:

Anytime the bus voltage is below 25 Vdc, the Low Bus Voltage Annunciator will be illuminated

1. ALT annunciator light illuminated:

• Ammeter check to verify inop. ALT

2. If ammeter shows zero:

• ALT switch OFF

3. Reduce electrical loads to minimum:

• ALT circuit breaker check and reset

• ALT switch ON

4. If power not restored:

• ALT switch OFF

If alternator output cannot be restored,

1. Land as soon as practical.

2. Anticipate complete electrical failure.

3. Duration of battery power will be dependent on electrical load and battery condition prior to failure.

Electrical Overload

Alternator over 20amps above known electrical load

ALT switch ON

BAT switch OFF

If alternator loads are reduced:

Electrical load reduce to minimum

Land as soon as practical

If alternator loads are not reduced:

ALT switch OFF

BAT switch as required

Land as soon as possible.

Anticipate complete electrical failure.

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