PDF 1.Base your answer to the following question on Which 3.The ...

1. Base your answer to the following question on Which 3. The diagram below illustrates a biochemical process that

cellular organelle is represented by the diagram below?

occurs in organisms.

A) cell wall C) cell membrane

B) molecules D) protein

2. An antibiotic is effective in killing 95% of a population of bacteria that reproduce by the process shown below.

Which statement best describes future generations of these bacteria?

A) They will be produced by asexual reproduction and will be more resistant to the antibiotic.

B) They will be produced by sexual reproduction and will be more resistant to the antibiotic.

C) They will be produced by asexual reproduction and will be just as susceptible to the antibiotic.

D) They will be produced by sexual reproduction and will be just as susceptible to the antibiotic.

The substance labeled "catalyst" is also known as

A) a hormone B) an enzyme C) an inorganic compound

4. The function of a specific enzyme is most directly influenced by its

A) molecular size

B) physical shape

C) carrying capacity D) stored energy

5. Sheep were the first species of mammals to be cloned. Which statement about cloned sheep is correct?

A) Different kinds of body cells in a cloned sheep contain different DNA.

B) Cloned sheep cannot produce offspring if they are mated with noncloned sheep.

C) Two sheep cloned from the same parent cannot mate and have offspring.

D) Many cells in cloned sheep have two identical nuclei, instead of a single nucleus.

6. Compared to a normal body cell, a normal egg cell contains

A) the same number of chromosomes B) half the number of chromosomes C) twice the number of chromosomes D) four times the number of chromosomes

7. The presence of lactic acid in the cells of an animal's muscle tissue is an indication that the

A) animal is not adapted to the use of glucose B) number of mitochondria in the muscle cells has

increased C) animal carries on a complex form of respiration

during daylight hours D) muscle cells have been active during a period of

oxygen deficiency

8. An organism that reproduces asexually will have offspring that have

A) the same genetic information as both of its parents B) different genetic information from either of its

parents C) the same genes as its parent D) different genes from its parent

12. Offspring that result from fertilization each have

A) twice as many chromosomes as their parents B) one-half as many chromosomes as their parents C) gene combinations different from those of

either parent D) gene combinations identical to those of each

parent

9. The temporary storage of energy in ATP molecules is part of which process?

A) cell division C) protein synthesis

B) cellular respiration D) DNA replication

10. One difference between plant and animal cells is that animal cells do not have

A) a nucleus B) chloroplasts C) endoplasmic reticulum

11. Which statement best describes the enzyme represented in the graphs below?

A) This enzyme works best at a temperature of 35?C and a pH of 8.

B) Temperature and pH have no effect on the action of this enzyme.

C) This enzyme works best at a temperature above 50?C and a pH above 12.

13. The diagram below represents a technique used to produce carrots.

Which reproductive process determines the traits present in the cluster of cells?

A) meiosis

B) mitosis

C) fertilization D) differentiation

14. Base your answer to the following question on the

15. In the diagram below, which substance belongs in area

diagram below, which represents stages in the digestion

Z?

of a starch, and on your knowledge of biology.

The structure labeled X most likely represents

A) a receptor molecule B) an enzyme C) a hormone

A) water C) carbon

B) nitrogen

16. Which substance is most likely represented by letter X in the equation below? amino acid + amino acid ? dipeptide + X

A) salt C) water

B) hydrochloric acid D) fatty acid

17. Asexual reproduction of a diploid cell normally results in new cells that contain

A) more chromosomes than are found in the parent cell

B) the n number of chromosomes C) the 2n number of chromosomes D) fewer chromosomes than are found in the parent

cell

18. Which developmental process is represented by the diagram below?

A) fertilization C) evolution

B) differentiation D) mutation

19. An investigation was carried out and the results are shown below. Substance X resulted from a metabolic process that produces ATP in yeast (a single-celled fungus).

Which statement best describes substance X? A) It is oxygen released by protein synthesis. B) It is glucose that was produced in photosynthesis. C) It is starch that was produced during digestion. D) It is carbon dioxide released by respiration. 20. The diagram below represents some stages that occur in the formation of an embryo.

.Which statement best describes stage X? A) Stage X is a zygote and contains half the number

of chromosomes as the body cells of the parents. B) Stage X is formed by the process of meiosis and is

known as a gamete. C) Stage X is a zygote and is formed as a result of

the process of fertilization. D) Stage X is formed by mitosis and is known as an

egg cell.

21. Base your answer to the following question on the information and graph below and on your knowledge of biology.

The pH of the internal environment of lysosomes (organelles that contain digestive enzymes) is approximately 4.5, while the pH of the surrounding cytoplasm is approximately 7. The average pH of the human stomach during digestion is approximately 2.5, while the average pH of the small intestine during digestion is about 8.

The graph below shows how pH affects the enzyme activity of four different enzymes, A, B, C, and D.

Which enzyme functions best in a pH environment most similar to that of human stomach enzymes?

A) A

B) B

C) C

D) D

22. Which sequence of terms is in the correct order from simplest to most complex?

A) cells tissues organs organ systems B) cells tissues organ systems organs C) organs organisms organ systems cells

23. The diagram below represents a cell structure involved in converting energy stored in organic molecules into a form used by animal cells.

The arrows represent the movement of which substances?

A) carbon dioxide and sugar B) oxygen and ATP C) ATP and carbon dioxide D) oxygen and sugar

24. Which cell organelle is composed of a series of channels throughout the cytoplasm that functions in the transport of molecules?

A) lysosome B) cell wall C) endoplasmic reticulum

25. Which phrase is an example of autotrophic nutrition?

A) a cow eating grass in a field B) a mushroom digesting a dead log C) an apple tree making its own food D) a tapeworm feeding in the body of a dog

26. What would most likely result if mitosis was not accompanied by cytoplasmic division?

A) two cells, each with one nucleus B) two cells, each without a nucleus C) one cell with two identical nuclei D) one cell without a nucleus

27. In human skin cells, the products of a normal mitotic cell division are

A) 4 diploid cells

B) 2 diploid cells

C) 2 monoploid cells D) 4 monoploid cells

28. Which sequence best represents sexual reproduction?

A) mitosis ? gametes ? zygote ? fertilization B) gametes ? meiosis ? mitosis ? fertilization C) fertilization ? gametes ? meiosis ? zygote D) meiosis ? gametes ? fertilization ? zygote

29. The diagram below represents early stages of embryo development.

31. In what way are photosynthesis and cellular respiration similar?

A) They both occur in chloroplasts. B) They both require sunlight. C) They both involve organic and inorganic

molecules. D) They both require oxygen and carbon dioxide.

inorganic produce

32. Some deep-sea bacteria live near underwater volcanoes and make their own food using energy derived from minerals coming from the volcanoes. These bacteria would be classified as

A) consumers C) photosynthetic

B) producers D) abiotic

33. A particular species of shark normally reproduces sexually. In captivity, it was found that a female could also reproduce asexually. One negative result from asexual reproduction is

A) increased gene recombinations B) increased number of males produced C) decreased number of eggs used D) decreased biodiversity within the species

The greatest amount of differentiation for organ formation most likely occurs at arrow

A) A B) B C) C D) D

30. Most of the starch stored in the cells of a potato is composed of molecules that originally entered these cells as what substance?

A) enzymes C) amino acids

B) simple sugars D) minerals

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