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A Few Tips for Spotting Fake News/SitesSnopes?and? HYPERLINK "" \l ".daY2z22r" BuzzFeed are two operations that?vigilantly debunk fake news sites. Check stories that seem odd against these sites.Check the account history of the source.?One red flag is usually the number of posts and the span of time the account has been active. Is the story one of 50 coming from a Facebook account that was created just last week? Images are often reused from one live event to another to deceive people.?Do a reverse-image search with a service like? HYPERLINK "" TinEye. The site should tell you if the photo has been used elsewhere.Check for context.?Distortion is a powerful tactic used by sites designed to mislead the public. Images, videos and text snippets will be chopped, twisted and stuffed into a new headline to fit an inflammatory new narrative. In one example cited in a?recent BuzzFeed study, a site called Freedom Daily wrote fake details around a months-old video to make it seem like two white men had been beaten and set on fire by supporters of the Black Lives Matter Movement. The story was, in fact, a dispute between two co-workers, and BuzzFeed found that it had nothing to do with racially motivated violence. But it got a lot of shares.Consider installing the FiB Chrome extension. This extension “analyzes your Facebook feed for a url, picture, and text's validity.” (I haven’t yet tried it). False, Misleading, Clickbait-y, and/or Satirical “News” SourcesSome of contents of this educational resource/google document, specifically the list of potential false, misleading, clickbait-y, and/or satirical news sources, have been removed in order for it to be transferred to and expanded on in a more permanent, dynamic, and collaborative home. ?This page will reflect updates as they become available. Tips for analyzing news sources: Avoid websites that end in “lo” ex: Newslo. These sites take pieces of accurate information and then packaging that information with other false or misleading “facts” (sometimes for the purposes of satire or comedy).Watch out for websites that end in “.com.co” as they are often fake versions of real news sources ?Watch out if known/reputable news sites are not also reporting on the story. Sometimes lack of coverage is the result of corporate media bias and other factors, but there should typically be more than one source reporting on a topic or event.Odd domain names generally equal odd and rarely truthful news.Lack of author attribution may, but not always, signify that the news story is suspect and requires verification.Some news organizations are also letting bloggers post under the banner of particular news brands; however, many of these posts do not go through the same editing process (ex: BuzzFeed Community Posts, Kinja blogs, Forbes blogs). Check the “About Us” tab on websites or look up the website on Snopes or Wikipedia for more information about the source.Bad web design and use of ALL CAPS can also be a sign that the source you’re looking at should be verified and/or read in conjunction with other sources. If the story makes you REALLY ANGRY it’s probably a good idea to keep reading about the topic via other sources to make sure the story you read wasn’t purposefully trying to make you angry (with potentially misleading or false information) in order to generate shares and ad revenue. If the website you’re reading encourages you to DOX individuals, it’s unlikely to be a legitimate source of news. It’s always best to read multiple sources of information to get a variety of viewpoints and media frames. Some sources not yet included in this list (although their practices at times may qualify them for addition), such as The Daily Kos, The Huffington Post, and Fox News, vacillate between providing important, legitimate, problematic, and/or hyperbolic news coverage, requiring readers and viewers to verify and contextualize information with other sources. Some suggestions if you’re not sure where to start.Stop getting your news from Facebook. Facebook is many things, but it’s not a news source. Facebook’s job is to keep you clicking, and it does that by tweaking your newsfeed so you only see what you want to see. Go to Facebook to talk to friends, but go elsewhere for your news.Subscribe to your local newspaper. This is important. I don’t care how crappy your local paper is, subscribe. Don’t blame hardworking journalists for the fact that their newspapers’ business models have crumbled. Those reporters are going to city council meetings, school board meetings, and your state Capitol, and they’re reporting back to you. Without that check, a few bad local government eggs can run wild, worsening the corruption problem we’re supposedly sick of. Fewer media watchdogs = more corruption. While you’re at it, become a member of your public radio station, too.Subscribe to a national newspaper Same goes for national reporters. By the way, digital newspaper subscriptions are fine. I’m suggesting we support?journalism, not necessarily printing on dead trees.Read at least one news source that doesn’t reflect your political view.Read one news source devoted to international news. Learn to identify fake?news. Propaganda isn’t news. Its only intent is to persuade, not inform. Think of a peer-reviewed, double-blind scientific study versus “research” funded by a corporation. Which would you trust? Do your homework and never confuse the two.Connect with your local community in?mit to everyday kindness.SOME SITES AND TOOLS – Crowdsourced by Howard Rheinold (“Crap Detection”) General – lets you look at the history of a site WhoIs: A site that lets you see information about who owns any domain on the Internet.Snopes: A comprehensive search engine that allows users to check the validity of online urban legends, myths, and misinformation.Emergent: Emergent is a real-time rumor tracker. It's part of a research project with the Tow Center for Digital Journalism at Columbia University that focuses on how unverified information and rumor are reported in the media. It aims to develop and best practices for debunking misinformation. Read more about the research here.Checkdesk: A tool that allows journalists to curate breaking news content and enables collaborative fact-checking.Churnalism: Online tool that compares articles to a database of other articles and press releases to determine if it is original journalism.Ad Detector: Browser plugin that identifies articles that are paid for by corporate : An international directory of free public records. And Reverse address lookupTruth Goggles: Bookmarklet tool that highlights claims on a page when activated, and tested against Politifact related claim.PolitiFact: The site researches statements made by politicians, and rates the accuracy of those statements on their “Truth-O-Meter.”thinkContext: Open source browser extension which displays a variety of contextual information for entities, including campaign contribution information for both of political recipients and donors, as well as fact checking information from Politifact. Also includes data from a variety of progressive groups, including company ratings on LGBT policies, human rights, labor, etc.HostCabi: A free tool to find out where websites are hosted.URLUncover: A free web app that reveals the actual destination of short, abbreviated URLs WOT - Web of trust: Website reputation and review service that helps people make informed decisions about whether to trust a website or not. WOT is based on a unique crowdsourcing approach that collects ratings and reviews from a global community of millions of users who rate and comment on websites based on their personal experiences.Images FotoForensic: Online tool that allows one to check whether a photo has been Photoshopped or modified by checking compression levels in the photo. Image Edited: Similar to FotoForensic; allows for users to check whether a photo is an original or not.TinEye: A reverse image search engine that allows the user to find out where an image came from, how it is being used, if modified versions of the image exist, and how to find a higher resolution image if possible.Google Reverse Image Search : Similar to TinEye, Google Images has the option of searching by image, which allows a user to upload any image and find images that resemble it.FourMatch: A Photoshop extension that analyzes any JPEG to see if it is an untouched original from a digital camera. Costs $890.Imgops: Free service that offers all kinds of image validation and verification tools. Learn to Verify Social Media Images: From PBS includes link to verification softwareIzitru - Verify whether a photo has been edited, doctored or photoshopped. ................
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