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Conflict in the 20th Century

Chapter 17: World War II and the Holocaust

Name: ________________________________________ Period: ____

NOTE: Questions in bold font can be found in the World History textbook; questions in regular font can only be found on the Power Point for this unit (to be clear: answers to ALL questions may be found on the Power Point, questions in bold font can also be found in the textbook). Textbook questions appear approximately in the same order as you find them by reading from the beginning of Chapter 17 to the end of Chapter 17.

1. What did Hitler mean when he said that Germans needed more “lebensraum?”

2. What country did Hitler plan to conquer so that it could be resettled by Germans?

3. What did Hitler plan to do with the Russian people?

4. What treaty did Hitler violate by re-arming Germany?

5. Hitler violated the treaty again in 1936 by sending German troops into what region?

6. Britain chose to appease Hitler – what does that mean?

7. What was the alliance between Germany and Italy called?

8. During World War II, what three countries were known as the Axis Powers?

9. What was the Anschluss?

10. What did Britain and France do when Hitler announced the Anschluss?

11. On September 15, 1938, what did Hitler demand to have added to Germany?

12. At what 1938 meeting was Germany given the Sudetenland in exchange for Hitler’s promise of no further aggression in Europe?

13. Why is appeasement usually a mistake?

14. What do you think Churchill meant when he said, “We had to choose between dishonor and war. We chose dishonor. We will have war.”

15. In August 1939, what did Hitler and Stalin agree to in the Nonaggression Pact?

16. World War II began on ___________________________ (month, day, year) when _____________________________ invaded ______________________________.

17. What Chinese region did Japan attack in 1931?

18. What new name did the Japanese give Manchuria?

19. What happened in the Rape of Nanjing?

20. Why did Japan’s war in China become a stalemate by 1939?

21. Who were the Flying Tigers?

22. What did President Franklin Roosevelt do to force Japan to pull out of China?

23. Why did Japan choose to plan for war against the U.S. and Britain, instead of just withdrawing its troops from China?

24. Who was Hideki Tojo?

25. What plan is Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto famous for?

26. “Blitzkrieg” is a German word – it means: ____________________________________.

27. How did the blitzkrieg work?

28. What was the Maginot Line?

29. Why didn’t the Maginot Line stop Germany from invading France?

30. What did U.S. General George S. Patton say about fixed defenses, such as the Maginot Line?

31. What happened at Dunkirk that was good news for the Allies?

32. What did France do on June 22, 1940?

33. What was Vichy France?

34. What was Free France?

35. Who was Charles de Gaulle?

36. After France surrendered, who was left to fight against Nazi Germany?

37. What was the Lend-Lease program?

38. What was Operation Sea Lion?

39. What was the first part of Hitler’s plan to conquer Britain?

40. After the Battle of Britain, what became fair targets for both sides during the rest of WWII?

41. What was the RAF?

42. What two advantages did the RAF have over the Luftwaffe?

43. Why did Hitler have to cancel his planned invasion of Britain?

44. What did Winston Churchill say about the RAF?

45. Why do you think Churchill’s “we shall never surrender” and “This was their finest hour” speeches were so important to the British people during the Battle of Britain?

46. What office did Winston Churchill hold during WWII?

47. What was the name for Hitler’s planned invasion of the USSR?

48. Why did Operation Barbarossa get off to a late start?

49. Describe what happened during the first months of the German invasion of the USSR.

50. What led to the stoppage of the German invasion, and the Soviet counterattack in December 1941?

51. What choice did Japan have to make?

52. Why did Yamamoto think Japan’s only chance to win a war against the U.S. was to win quickly?

53. Japan first attacked the U.S. at _____________________________________________ on _________________________________ (month, day, year).

54. Why was the attack on Pearl Harbor not supposed to have been a true “sneak attack?”

55. Why did it end up being a true sneak attack after all?

56. Name one more mistake by the Japanese at Pearl Harbor.

57. Why did the Japanese think that the U.S. might accept Japanese control of the Pacific after Pearl Harbor?

58. What was the Bataan Death March?

59. Do you think the U.S. government today would ever make propaganda posters such as the one shown in the Power Point presentation (“Stay on the job until every murdering Jap is wiped out!”) – why?

60. In early 1942, what areas did Germany control?

61. What did Japan control at that time?

62. In war, what is a “turning point?”

63. What battle was the turning point of WWII in North Africa?

64. What battle was the turning point of WWII in Europe?

65. What battle was the turning point of WWII in the Pacific?

66. What was the biggest loss for Japan at Midway and Guadalcanal?

67. Describe the U.S. strategy in the Pacific of island hopping.

68. Why did the Japanese have such a high rate of their soldiers killed during battles in the Pacific?

69. Which country suffered the most casualties in WWII?

70. What type of jobs did Soviet women do during the war?

71. How was the U.S. “the great arsenal of democracy?”

72. How did life in the U.S. change during WWII for each of the following groups:

a. Women:

b. African Americans:

c. Japanese Americans:

73. Why didn’t Hitler cut German production of consumer goods and increase armament production at the beginning of WWII?

74. What does the word “kamikaze” mean?

75. What was a kamikaze during WWII?

76. What impact did the German bombing of their cities have on the morale of the British people?

77. Why did both Britain and Germany evacuate many children from cities and have them go live in the countryside?

78. What happened to Dresden, Germany?

79. What really crippled the German war effort?

80. What had destroyed most Japanese cities and factories by the summer of 1945?

81. Who was Heinrich Himmler?

82. What was the Einsatzgruppen?

83. What plan was created at the Wannsee Conference?

84. The biggest Nazi death camp was _________________________________________, which could kill and cremate up to ___________________________ people per day.

85. How many people died in the Holocaust?

86. What was the result of the Nuremberg Trials?

87. Who was Josef Mengele?

88. What was the purpose of Japan’s slogan, “Asia for the Asiatics?”

89. What important city did the Allies capture on June 4, 1944?

90. The Allies’ Normandy Invasion, called Operation ____________________________, began on D-Day, ______________________________ (month, day, year).

91. Why did Hitler hesitate to send reinforcements to Normandy when the D-Day invasion began?

92. Which beach on D-Day had the most casualties?

93. How many troops did the Allies land at Normandy by late July 1944?

94. What city did the Allies liberate by the end of August 1944?

95. What battle began on December 16, 1944?

96. What was Operation Greif?

97. Why was this battle called “The Battle of the Bulge?”

98. Patton’s famous “weather prayer” was written by _______________________________, who had once been a professor at ____________________________________________.

99. What was an advantage for the Germans during the first week of the Battle of the Bulge?

100. How were the Allies saved by Patton’s U.S. 3rd Army?

101. What else caused the German attack to ultimately fail?

102. What happened to Benito Mussolini?

103. What happened to Adolf Hitler?

104. When did WWII in Europe end?

105. Why was it important that the U.S. captured Iwo Jima from the Japanese?

106. What did the Japanese use to make Iwo Jima an especially difficult battle for the U.S to win?

107. What was the last battle of WWII?

108. If the U.S. captured Okinawa, what did the Japanese expect would happen next?

109. How many kamikaze attacks did the Japanese use at Okinawa?

110. How did the Battle of Okinawa’s results encourage the U.S. to use atomic bombs against Japan?

111. What was the Manhattan Project?

112. What did the Potsdam Proclamation tell Japan?

113. Why was invading Japan a bad option for President Truman?

114. What were Little Boy and Fat Man?

115. What was the Enola Gay?

116. When was V-J Day?

117. When did WWII officially end?

118. Who was Hirohito?

119. What three leaders met at the Yalta Conference?

120. What did they agree would be done with Germany after WWII?

121. What organization did they agree would be created to try to prevent future wars?

122. What did Stalin promise at Yalta?

123. Why did FDR give Stalin so much of what he wanted in the Yalta agreement?

124. What did Stalin declare at the Potsdam Conference?

125. What began because of the Soviet control of eastern Europe after WWII?

126. What do you think Churchill meant when he said that an iron curtain had descended across the Continent (of Europe) – why did he call communism an “iron curtain?”

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