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|EMS Geography Yr8 Revision: Question(s) |Answer(s) |

|GEOGRAPHY OF DISEASE | |

| |The study of the patterns, causes, effects and responses to diseases|

|What is the ‘Geography of disease’? |around the world |

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|EMS Geography Yr8 Revision: Question(s) |Answer(s) |

|GEOGRAPHY OF DISEASE |i)Disease: is a bodily disorder preventing good health |

| |ii)Virus: A micro organism that invades living cells and causes a |

|Key terms: What do the following mean?: |number of infections and diseases |

|Disease |iii)Pandemic: An epidemic which is spread over a very wide area, |

|Virus |crossing international boundaries and affecting a large number of |

|Pandemic |people |

|Life Expectancy |iv) Life Expectancy: The average number of years a person is |

|Infant Mortality rate |expected to live |

| |v)Infant Mortality Rate: The number of babies that die before the |

| |age of one |

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|EMS Geography Yr8 Revision: Question(s) |Answer(s) |

|GEOGRAPHY OF DISEASE |Low income means people are unable to afford medicines. |

| |In Low Income Countries (LICs) people may not be able to get access |

|Explain how poverty might cause the spread of disease |to clean water which may lead to diseases such as cholera. |

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|EMS Geography Yr8 Revision: Question(s) |Answer(s) |

|GEOGRAPHY OF DISEASE |More people move from the countryside in to cities (called |

| |rural-urban migration) e.g. over 50% of world population live in |

|Explain how urbanisation might cause the spread of disease |urban areas. |

| |This leads to higher population densities - cities become more |

| |crowded - which means that disease can spread more quickly between |

| |people |

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|EMS Geography Yr8 Revision: Question(s) |Answer(s) |

|GEOGRAPHY OF DISEASE | |

| |Removal of trees for activities such as farming means more people |

|Explain how deforestation might cause the spread of disease |are in contact with animals. |

| |This will increase the spread of disease from animals to humans |

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|EMS Geography Yr8 Revision: Question(s) |Answer(s) |

|GEOGRAPHY OF DISEASE |Air pollution: caused by [cars, or factories, or burning fossil |

| |fuels] can lead to lung disease (especially in Low and / or Middle |

| |Income Countries. |

| |E.g. air pollution kills more than 5 million people per year; with |

|Explain how pollution might cause the spread of disease |1.2 million per year in India; and 1.3 million people in China |

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| |Water pollution: caused by leaks of industrial waste or broken |

| |sewage pipes can spread diseases such as cholera or typhoid. |

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|EMS Geography Yr8 Revision: Question(s) |Answer(s) |

|GEOGRAPHY OF DISEASE | |

| |A global rise in temperature may mean that diseases such as malaria |

|Explain how climate change might cause the spread of disease |will increase as the malaria parasite in mosquitoes needs warmer |

| |temperatures to survive e.g. over 21C |

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|EMS Geography Yr8 Revision: Question(s) |Answer(s) |

|GEOGRAPHY OF DISEASE | With improved technology such as aeroplanes people can travel |

| |longer distances to visit places which means disease can spread more|

|Explain how travel & tourism might cause the spread of disease |easily between countries. |

| |Governments can also make travel easier e.g. relaxation of borders |

| |in the European Union (EU) |

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|EMS Geography Yr8 Revision: Question(s) |Answer(s) |

|GEOGRAPHY OF DISEASE |Huts: Having your windows or doors open allows the mosquito free |

| |access. You are just as likely to be infected while you sleep at |

|What might cause the spread of Malaria in Low Income Countries |night as during the day. |

|(LICs) |Cows: Mosquitoes feed on the blood. |

| |Villager: Leaving skin exposed will make it easier for mosquitoes to|

| |bite. |

| |People also migrate a lot. This makes it easier for the disease to |

| |spread. |

| |Stagnant water: The mosquito needs still or slow moving water in |

| |order to breed. They don’t need large pools of water to breed. Water|

| |in ditches or potholes in the road are just as suitable. |

| |Sun: The mosquito needs warm conditions to exist. They can be found |

| |in areas where the average temperatures are above 18(C. |

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|EMS Geography Yr8 Revision: Question(s) |Answer(s) |

|GEOGRAPHY OF DISEASE |Name of Scheme: Hati Punguzo, Tanzania |

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|What could be a sustainable (long-term) solution to combating the |Why is Malaria a threat?: |

|spread of Malaria? |Malaria claims 3,000 lives per day in African countries. |

| |There is no vaccine for Malaria, therefore |

|Exam tip: Try to remember the name of the schemes & country + as |Insecticide Treated Nets (ITNs) seen as most effective. |

|many facts & figures as possible about why, how and effectiveness. |Women and small children most at risk. |

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| |How does the scheme work?: |

| |Discount voucher given to pregnant women to buy ITN for $0.80 which |

| |is cheap / affordable. |

| |Long lasting – ITNs can last for over 3 years. |

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| |Effective – does it work?: |

| |One Doctor received over 60-80 Malaria cases per month, now only |

| |2-3. |

| |Studies show people are more likely to use them if they pay for |

| |them. |

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|QUESTION 2: CLIMATE CHANGE | |

|EMS Geography Yr8 Revision: Question(s) |Answer(s) |

|CLIMATE CHANGE | |

| |Methane sources: Wetlands, paddy fields, landfills, burning |

|Give two sources of Methane |vegetation, bowels of cattle and sheep |

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|EMS Geography Yr8 Revision: Question(s) |Answer(s) |

|CLIMATE CHANGE | |

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|Explain how an increasing amount of methane into the atmosphere is |Methane Increasing: increase in population (particularly LICs) – |

|contributing to current climate change? |increase demand for rice to feed expanding population and an |

| |increase in western style diets (more cattle & sheep raised for |

| |meat); |

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|EMS Geography Yr8 Revision: Question(s) |Answer(s) |

|CLIMATE CHANGE | |

| |Burning of fossil fuel resources such as coal, increases carbon |

|Explain how the burning of fossil fuels contributes to current |dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere (air around us) which is a |

|climate change |greenhouse gas that leads to rising temperatures. |

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|EMS Geography Yr8 Revision: Question(s) |Answer(s) |

|CLIMATE CHANGE |Less carbon dioxide is taken out of the atmosphere |

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|Explain the negative effects of deforestation due to climate |Less oxygen is released in to the atmosphere |

|change. | |

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|EMS Geography Yr8 Revision: Question(s) |Answer(s) |

|CLIMATE CHANGE | |

| |Small islands such as the Maldives will be flooded |

|Explain the negative effects of rising temperatures | |

| |Some countries in Africa will have more months without rainfall and |

| |will be unable to grow crops. |

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| |Other countries such as the UK will be able to grow bananas due to |

| |warmer temperatures. |

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|EMS Geography Yr8 Revision: Question(s) |Answer(s) |

|CLIMATE CHANGE |English Martyrs School, Leicester has solar panels which saves £4000|

| |per year in electricity bills & has an Eco Martyrs after-school club|

|Describe one response to climate change on a local scale |which has completed research with De Montfort University about |

| |sustainable school building design. |

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|EMS Geography Yr8 Revision: Question(s) |Answer(s) |

|CLIMATE CHANGE |Kyoto Conference (December 1997): came into force February 2005; by|

| |2008, 181 countries had signed and agreed to: |

|Describe one global response to climate change |- cut greenhouse gas emissions by 5.2% compared to 1990 levels |

| |- each country to limit emissions e.g. European Union (8%); USA |

| |(7%); & Japan (6%) |

| |- introduced carbon credits: trade cuts in emissions with other |

| |countries. |

| |- successful?: USA backed out before legally binding as the Bush |

| |government felt all countries had the right to grow their economies |

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