Sociology



Culture and Identity Practice Questions10 Mark Explain QuestionsThese questions will combine ideas from two different areas within the specification. This means that there are a lot of possible combinations.Outline and explain two ways in which globalisation has affected popular culture.Outline and explain two ways in which the development of a global culture has influenced individual identity in contemporary society.Outline and explain two ways in which globalisation affects subcultures.Outline and explain two ways in which consumption affects individual identity.Outline and explain two ways in which globalisation has influenced the sense of self in contemporary society.Outline and explain two ways in which socialisation affects identity by age.Outline and explain two ways that our identities are socially constructed.Outline and explain two ways socialisation can result in stigmatised identitiesOutline and explain two ways socialisation can affect life chancesOutline and explain two ways traditional identities can limit choice of consumer goods and leisure activitiesOutline and explain two ways postmodernists would argue socialisation has changedOutline and explain two ways culture can affect identityOutline and explain two ways culture and identity are interlinkedOutline and explain two ways in which technology has influenced culture in contemporary societiesOutline and explain two ways in which globalisation has affected culture in the UKOutline and explain two ways [gender/ethnicity/age/class] may affect an individual’s leisure and consumption choicesOutline and explain two ways consumption has affected identitiesOutline and explain two ways work has affected gender/ethnic/age/class identitiesOutline and explain two ways in which consumption affects subculturesOutline and explain two ways in which consumption/choice affects cultureOutline and explain two ways in which work affects culture10 Mark Analyse Questions…two ways in which technology has influenced culture in contemporary societies…two ways in which globalisation has affected culture in the UK…two types of culture…two features of the globalisation of culture…two features of mass/popular/high/folk/low culture…two ways in which individuals might present their preferred identities to others…two reasons why individuals may not always succeed in adopting their preferred identity…two theories on identity…two features of the [theory] view of identity…two ways in which individuals might have multiple identities…two sources from which individuals may construct their identities…two ways in which identity is influenced by social factors…two types of ethnic/class/gender/age identities…two features of [type of ethnic/class/age/gender identity]…two ways ethnic/class/age/gender identities are changing…two features of a disabled/sexual/national identity…two reasons for the decline of national identities…two ways in which ethnicity/class/age/gender/nationality/disability/sexuality might influence people’s identity…two reasons why class/age/gender/ethnicity may no longer be a significant factor in shaping social identity…two ways in which disability/sexuality/gender may be socially constructed…two ways globalisation/production/consumption influences identity…two reasons why a person’s work may be of declining influence in shaping social identity…two ways [agent of socialisation] influences identity [or a specific type of identity]…two ways identity may affect an individual’s leisure and consumption choices…two ways an individual’s social experiences can be affected by age/social class/ethnicity/disability/sexuality/gender…two criticisms of the view that consumption [and leisure] affects identity…two ways consumption has affected gender/ethnic/age/class identities…two ways work has affected gender/ethnic/age/class identities…two ways in which consumption affects subcultures…two ways in which consumption/choice affects culture…two ways in which work affects cultureright-133350Item ASome sociologists argue that identity is entirely socially constructed. We come to identify ourselves as we think others see us. Identities such as gender and ethnicity are not determined by nature or at birth, but are instead created by social processes.00Item ASome sociologists argue that identity is entirely socially constructed. We come to identify ourselves as we think others see us. Identities such as gender and ethnicity are not determined by nature or at birth, but are instead created by social processes.Applying material from Item A, analyse two criticisms of the view that identity is a social construct.FIND THE HOOKS IN THE ITEM AND THEN DEVELOP THEM INTO CLEAR CRITICISMS USING YOUR OWN KNOWLEDGE, E.G. GENDER & ETHNICITYright5714Item ASome sociologists argue that most issues in society can be explained by understanding the conflict between social classes in society: between the owning, ruling class and the working class. They argue that other identities, such as gender, age and ethnicity are less socially significant00Item ASome sociologists argue that most issues in society can be explained by understanding the conflict between social classes in society: between the owning, ruling class and the working class. They argue that other identities, such as gender, age and ethnicity are less socially significantApplying material from Item A, analyse two criticisms of the view that social class is the most important identity in the UK today.FIND THE HOOKS AND DEVELOP INTO CRITICISMS OF MARXISM, E.G. “BETWEEN OWNING, RULING CLASS AND WORKING CLASS”: COMPLEXITY OF CLASS TODAY; “OTHER IDENTITIES”: THESE ARE MORE IMPORTANT AND WHY.right29845Item AEthnicity is a complex identity, made up of a combination of national, cultural or racial characteristics. While many would suggest people are born into an ethnic group rather than choosing one, how people choose to identify themselves in terms of ethnicity can vary, with some identifying with the country they live in and others with a country of origin (where perhaps parents or grandparents were born). Furthermore, religious belief plays a part in ethnic identities.00Item AEthnicity is a complex identity, made up of a combination of national, cultural or racial characteristics. While many would suggest people are born into an ethnic group rather than choosing one, how people choose to identify themselves in terms of ethnicity can vary, with some identifying with the country they live in and others with a country of origin (where perhaps parents or grandparents were born). Furthermore, religious belief plays a part in ethnic identities.Applying material from Item A, analyse two ways in which primary socialisation might affect ethnic identity.right282576Item AWhile many would see disability as a social fact, determined by physical impairments, others would point out that disability is really determined by how people are categorised by others, or by what they are unable to do.00Item AWhile many would see disability as a social fact, determined by physical impairments, others would point out that disability is really determined by how people are categorised by others, or by what they are unable to do.Applying material from Item A, analyse two ways in which disability can be said to be a social construct.right-157480Item ATraditionally, the role of men was thought to be the head of a household, the breadwinner and provider. In contemporary society, however, family has changed, as have traditional male jobs.00Item ATraditionally, the role of men was thought to be the head of a household, the breadwinner and provider. In contemporary society, however, family has changed, as have traditional male jobs.Applying material from Item A, analyse two reasons why some argue there is a crisis of masculinity.“FAMILY HAS CHANGED” AND “TRADITIONAL MALE JOBS”.20 Mark Questions…evaluate sociological contributions to the understanding of mass/popular culture…evaluate the different types of cultures that may exist within a society…evaluate the view that the main role of popular culture is to support the capitalist system…evaluate the view that the primary stage is the most important stage of socialisation in shaping human behaviour…evaluate the view that socialisation primarily benefits the ruling class.…evaluate the view that individual identity is socially constructed…evaluate the interactionist approach to understanding the self and identity…evaluate sociological contributions to our understanding of the concept of identity…evaluate sociological explanations of the role of culture [and identity] in society…evaluate the view that age/gender/ethnicity/class/disability, is the most important source of identity...evaluate the ways age/gender/ethnicity/class affects identity…evaluate the view that production/consumption [and leisure]/globalisation, is the most important influence on identity…evaluate the view that age/gender/ethnic/class identities are changing…evaluate the view that the movement towards gender equality continues to improve in the contemporary world…evaluate the view that attitudes towards sexuality have changed significantly in the postmodern era…evaluate the view that nationality/age/gender/ethnicity/class is of declining significance as a source of identity…evaluate the view that production/work no longer has a significant influence on identity…evaluate the contribution of the socialisation process to the formation of identities in contemporary societies…evaluate Marxist/Feminist/Functionalist/Postmodernist/Interactionist approaches to the formation of identities/socialisation process…evaluate the view that traditional sources of identity have less influence on individuals in the contemporary UK…evaluate the view that social identity is shaped by interactions with others…evaluate the view that individuals have free choice over their leisure and consumption choices…evaluate the role of different agents of socialisation…evaluate the view that traditional sources of identity are less important now than identities such as sexuality and disability…evaluate the ways globalisation has had an impact on individuals’ identities…evaluate the view that ‘many societies are losing their individual identities due to globalisation’ ................
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