PDF Dr. Hoch
2/25/2019
Dr. Hoch
RGPL 103 Global Cities: Planning and Development
1
2/25/2019
Earth's Orbit Around Sun
Aphelion July 6 (12:00)
152.5 Million Km
EARTH
Perihelion Jan 3 (00:00)
147.5 Mil. Km
SUN
Dates for 2010
2
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Earth Rotation
Earth's axis N Pole
23 1/2?
Ecliptic Plane (Plane of earth revolution around sun)
Northern Hemisphere Seasons
? Summer
? North pole tilted toward Sun ? Days are longer than the nights ? Get more energy - higher temperatures
? Fall
? Neither pole tilted toward the Sun ? Days about equal with nights ? Less energy than in the summer ? Cooler temperatures
3
Northern Hemisphere Seasons
cont.
? Winter
? North pole tilted away from the Sun ? Days shorter than the nights ? Get less energy-Cold temperatures
? Spring
? Neither pole tilted toward the Sun ? Days about equal to nights ? More energy than winter- Warmer temperatures
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Global regions
? Tropics (23 ??N - 23 ??S) ? Low latitudes (30?N - 30?S) ? Mid latitudes (30?N - 60?N and 30?S - 60?S ) ? High latitudes (60?N - 90?N and 60?S - 90?S )
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Key positional relationships
?Tropic of Cancer - 23 1/2? N
?Highest latitude in the Northern Hemisphere that the suns vertical rays ever reach
?Tropic of Capricorn- 23 1/2? S
?Highest latitude in the Southern Hemisphere that the suns vertical rays ever reach
?Arctic circle- 66 1/2? N
?24 hrs of daylight-summer solstice ?24 hrs of darkness at winter solstice
?Antarctic circle- 66 1/2? S
?24 hrs of daylight-winter solstice ?24 hrs of darkness at summer solstice
5
Circle of illumination
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Equinoxes and Solstices (2010)
Day
Summer solstice Autumnal equinox Winter solstice Vernal equinox
Date
June 21 Sept 23 Dec 21 March 20
Sub-solar Point
23 1/2? N 0? 23 1/2? S 0?
6
Equinox
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Solstices
7
SUN
Solar Heating
1
1
Earth
3 = 33.3%
1 = 100%
Higher latitudes get LESS ENERGY per unit of area
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Most of the Sun's Energy is Received in the Equatorial Region of the Earth
8
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