Ideonexus



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|If you appreciate the concepts and ideas | | |

|covered in this program, please consider | | |

|supporting one of the following: | | |

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| | | |The Wedding of | | |

| | | |Vicky Sawyer | | |

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| | | |Ryan Somma | | |

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| | | |Saturday, March 20, 2010 | | |

| | | |at the | | |

| | | |[pic] | | |

| | |Newport News, VA | |

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| | |

|If you appreciate the concepts and ideas | | | |

|covered in this program, please consider | | | |

|supporting one of the following: | | | |

|[pic] | | | |

| | | | |

|[pic] | | | |

| | | | |

| | | |The Wedding of | | |

| | | |Vicky Sawyer | | |

| | | |& | | |

| | | |Ryan Somma | | |

| | | | | | |

| | | |Saturday, March 20, 2010 | | |

| | | |at the | | |

| | | |[pic] | | |

| | |Newport News, VA | |

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| |Ceremony | | | |Nature’s Infinite Complexity | |

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| |Officiant | | | | |Pi isn’t the only number we use in understanding nature that | | |

| |Launa Hulse | | | | |requires an infinite number of digits to describe. Euler’s Number,| | |

| | | | | | |the Natural Logarithm, is another irrational constant. It | | |

| | | | | | |describes exponential growth, where the growth is a continual | | |

| |Processional | | | | |process: | | |

| |Les Jours Triste by Yann Tiersen | | | | | | | |

| | | | | | |2.7182818284… | | |

| |Grandmother of the Bride | | | | | | | |

| |Margeretha Sawyer | | | | |Phi, the “Golden Ratio”, is found in what humans consider the most| | |

| |Escorted by Andrew Krier, her oldest grandchild | | | | |attractive proportions in nature and describes the growth of | | |

| | | | | | |populations: | | |

| |Parents of the Bride | | | | | | | |

| |Anne T. Sawyer | | | | |1.6180339887… | | |

| |Escorted by James Sawyer, | | | | | | | |

| |Lowell Sawyer | | | | |The rectangles within rectangles in the background of this page | | |

| | | | | | |have proportions based on Phi. The spiral drawn within them is | | |

| |Parents of the Groom | | | | |known as a “Fibonacci Spiral,” and it appears in shells and plants| | |

| |Linda Bennington | | | | |throughout nature like the nautilus shell and the fern fiddleheads| | |

| |Escorted by Rachelle Somma, | | | | |in our florals. | | |

| |C. Thomas Somma | | | | | | | |

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| |Ceremony | | | |Nature’s Infinite Complexity | |

| | | | | | | | | |

| |Officiant | | | | |Pi isn’t the only number we use in understanding nature that | | |

| |Launa Hulse | | | | |requires an infinite number of digits to describe. Euler’s Number,| | |

| | | | | | |the Natural Logarithm, is another irrational constant. It | | |

| | | | | | |describes exponential growth, where the growth is a continual | | |

| |Processional | | | | |process: | | |

| |Les Jours Triste by Yann Tiersen | | | | | | | |

| | | | | | |2.7182818284… | | |

| |Grandmother of the Bride | | | | | | | |

| |Margeretha Sawyer | | | | |Phi, the “Golden Ratio”, is found in what humans consider the most| | |

| |Escorted by Andrew Krier, her oldest grandchild | | | | |attractive proportions in nature and describes the growth of | | |

| | | | | | |populations: | | |

| |Parents of the Bride | | | | | | | |

| |Anne T. Sawyer | | | | |1.6180339887… | | |

| |Escorted by James Sawyer | | | | | | | |

| |Lowell Sawyer | | | | |The rectangles within rectangles in the background of this page | | |

| | | | | | |have proportions based on Phi. The spiral drawn within them is | | |

| |Parents of the Groom | | | | |known as a “Fibonacci Spiral,” and it appears in shells and plants| | |

| |Linda Bennington | | | | |throughout nature like the nautilus shell and the fern fiddleheads| | |

| |Escorted by Rachelle Somma | | | | |in our florals. | | |

| |C. Thomas Somma | | | | | | | |

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|Nature’s Infinite Complexity | | | |Ceremony | | |

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| |[pic] | | | | | | | |

| | | | | | |Matron of Honor | | |

| | | | | | |Carolyn Lipinski | | |

| | | | | | |(Sister of the Bride) | | |

| | | | | | | | | |

| | | | | | |Bridesmaid | | |

| | | | | | |Ann Bowman Jones | | |

| | | | | | |(Friend of the Bride) | | |

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| | | | | | |Best Man | | |

| | | | | | |Darin Somma | | |

| | | | | | |(Brother of the Groom) | | |

| | | | | | | | | |

| | | | | | |Groomsman | | |

| | | | | | |Jason Akira Somma | | |

| | | | | | |(Brother of the Groom) | | |

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| | | | | | |Unity Tree | | |

| | | | | | |Think Like a Tree by Karen I. Shragg | | |

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| | | | | | |Recessional | | |

| | | | | | |Flossing a Dead Horse by NOFX | | |

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|Nature’s Infinite Complexity | | | |Ceremony | | |

| |[pic] | | | | | | | |

| | | | | | |Matron of Honor | | |

| | | | | | |Carolyn Lipinski | | |

| | | | | | |(Sister of the Bride) | | |

| | | | | | | | | |

| | | | | | |Bridesmaid | | |

| | | | | | |Ann Bowman Jones | | |

| | | | | | |(Friend of the Bride) | | |

| | | | | | | | | |

| | | | | | |Best Man | | |

| | | | | | |Darin Somma | | |

| | | | | | |(Brother of the Groom) | | |

| | | | | | | | | |

| | | | | | |Groomsman | | |

| | | | | | |Jason Akira Somma | | |

| | | | | | |(Brother of the Groom) | | |

| | | | | | | | | |

| | | | | | |Unity Tree | | |

| | | | | | |Think Like a Tree by Karen I. Shragg | | |

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| | | | | | |Recessional | | |

| | | | | | |Flossing a Dead Horse by NOFX | | |

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| |Reception | | | |Nature’s Infinite Complexity | |

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| |Master of Ceremonies | | | | |Pi is an “irrational number,” meaning it requires an infinite | | |

| |Patrick Byrd | | | | |number of digits to express it. In August of 2009, Japanese | | |

| | | | | | |researchers used a supercomputer to calculate Pi to over 2.5 | | |

| | | | | | |trillion decimal places, but according to Simon Newcomb, “Ten | | |

| |Blessing | | | | |decimals are sufficient to give the circumference of the earth to | | |

| |James Sawyer | | | | |the fraction of an inch [if earth were a perfect circle which it | | |

| |(Brother of the Bride) | | | | |is not], and thirty decimals would give the circumference of the | | |

| | | | | | |whole visible universe to a quantity imperceptible with the most | | |

| |Caterer | | | | |powerful telescope.” | | |

| |Rajput Indian Cuisine | | | | | | | |

| | | | | | |Pi is still a very important part of understanding our physical | | |

| | | | | | |reality. Scientists have made spheres perfect to within 40 atoms | | |

| |Venue | | | | |of thickness, but neutron stars, which are remnants of supernovae | | |

| |Virginia Living Museum | | | | |with a radius of about 12 kilometers, are thought to be even | | |

| | | | | | |smoother. | | |

| | | | | | | | | |

| | | | | | |Six days ago, March 14th, saw the celebration of Pi day (“3.14” | | |

| | | | | | |get it?)! | | |

| |Bloggers, Flickr and Twitter Users | | | | | | | |

| |Please tag your related images, tweets | | | | | | | |

| |and posts with "#rvw10" | | | | | | | |

| | | | | | | | | |

| | | | | |

| | |

| | |

| |Reception | | | |Nature’s Infinite Complexity | |

| | | | | | | | | |

| |Master of Ceremonies | | | | |Pi is an “irrational number,” meaning it requires an infinite | | |

| |Patrick Byrd | | | | |number of digits to express it. In August of 2009, Japanese | | |

| | | | | | |researchers used a supercomputer to calculate Pi to over 2.5 | | |

| | | | | | |trillion decimal places, but according to Simon Newcomb, “Ten | | |

| |Blessing | | | | |decimals are sufficient to give the circumference of the earth to | | |

| |James Sawyer | | | | |the fraction of an inch [if earth were a perfect circle which it | | |

| |(Brother of the Bride) | | | | |is not], and thirty decimals would give the circumference of the | | |

| | | | | | |whole visible universe to a quantity imperceptible with the most | | |

| |Caterer | | | | |powerful telescope.” | | |

| |Rajput Indian Cuisine | | | | | | | |

| | | | | | |Pi is still a very important part of understanding our physical | | |

| | | | | | |reality. Scientists have made spheres perfect to within 40 atoms | | |

| |Venue | | | | |of thickness, but neutron stars, which are remnants of supernovae | | |

| |Virginia Living Museum | | | | |with a radius of about 12 kilometers, are thought to be even | | |

| | | | | | |smoother. | | |

| | | | | | | | | |

| | | | | | |Six days ago, March 14th, saw the celebration of Pi day (“3.14” | | |

| | | | | | |get it?)! | | |

| |Bloggers, Flickr and Twitter Users | | | | | | | |

| |Please tag your related images, tweets | | | | | | | |

| |and posts with "#rvw10" | | | | | | | |

| | | | | | | | | |

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|Nature’s Infinite Complexity | | | |Special Thanks | | |

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| | | | | | | |

| |Take a circle with a diameter of one unit… | | | | |Invitations | | |

| | | | | | |Rachelle Somma | | |

| |[pic] | | | | |(Sister of the Groom) | | |

| | | | | | | | | |

| |…and roll it out one complete turn to give its circumference, | | | | | | | |

| |which is pi units. | | | | |Photography | | |

| | | | | | |Liza Franco | | |

| |[pic] | | | | | | | |

| | | | | | | | | |

| |[pic] | | | | |Hair Stylist | | |

| | | | | | |Kelly White | | |

| | | | | | |Décor Setup | | |

| | | | | | |Jacklyn Jackson | | |

| | | | | | |Samantha Sawyer | | |

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| | | | | | |Centerpiece Designers/ | | |

| | | | | | |Wedding Favors | | |

| | | | | | |Dhontori Brown | | |

| | | | | | |Jacal Felton | | |

| | | | | | |Malena Franco | | |

| | | | | | |Jamontae Johnson | | |

| | | | | | |Armani McCall | | |

| | | | | | |Terrance Price | | |

| | | | | | |Treshawn Slaughter | | |

| | | | | | | | | |

| | | | | | |Tyrek Slaughter | | |

| | | | | | |Dada Spencer | | |

| | | | | | |DJ Spencer | | |

| | | | | | |Risha Spencer | | |

| | | | | | |Vick White | | |

| | | | | | |Khalif Williams | | |

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|Nature’s Infinite Complexity | | | |Special Thanks | | |

| |Take a circle with a diameter of one unit… | | | | |Invitations | | |

| | | | | | |Rachelle Somma | | |

| |[pic] | | | | |(Sister of the Groom) | | |

| | | | | | | | | |

| |…and roll it out one complete turn to give its circumference, | | | | | | | |

| |which is pi units. | | | | |Photography | | |

| | | | | | |Liza Franco | | |

| |[pic] | | | | | | | |

| | | | | | | | | |

| |[pic] | | | | |Hair Stylist | | |

| | | | | | |Kelly White | | |

| | | | | | |Décor Setup | | |

| | | | | | |Jacklyn Jackson | | |

| | | | | | |Samantha Sawyer | | |

| | | | | | | | | |

| | | | | | | | | |

| | | | | | |Centerpiece Designers/ | | |

| | | | | | |Wedding Favors | | |

| | | | | | |Dhontori Brown | | |

| | | | | | |Jacal Felton | | |

| | | | | | |Malena Franco | | |

| | | | | | |Jamontae Johnson | | |

| | | | | | |Armani McCall | | |

| | | | | | |Terrance Price | | |

| | | | | | |Treshawn Slaughter | | |

| | | | | | | | | |

| | | | | | |Tyrek Slaughter | | |

| | | | | | |Dada Spencer | | |

| | | | | | |DJ Spencer | | |

| | | | | | |Risha Spencer | | |

| | | | | | |Vick White | | |

| | | | | | |Khalif Williams | | |

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|The Vernal Equinox | | |The American Chestnut | |

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| | | | | | |[pic] | | |

| |[pic] | | | | |American Chestnut Seed and Leaf | | |

| | | | | | | | | |

| |Our Earth travels completely around the Sun every 365.2564 solar | | | | | | | |

| |days. Because our planet spins on its axis, the Northern and | | | | | | | |

| |Southern Hemispheres receive different amounts of Sunlight | | | | | | | |

| |depending on where our planet is in its yearly orbit, which causes| | | | | | | |

| |the seasons. Winter occurs in the Northern Hemisphere because it | | | | | | | |

| |is tilted away from the Sun, making the days shorter there, while | | | | | | | |

| |Summer occurs because it is tilted toward the Sun, making the days| | | | | | | |

| |longer. On June 20th or 21st, the Summer Solstice, the Northern | | | | | | | |

| |Hemisphere is most strongly tilted toward the Sun, making it the | | | | | | | |

| |day in the year with the | | | | | | | |

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| | |

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|The Vernal Equinox | | |The American Chestnut | |

| | | | | | |[pic] | | |

| |[pic] | | | | |American Chestnut Seed and Leaf | | |

| | | | | | | | | |

| |Our Earth travels completely around the Sun every 365.2564 solar | | | | | | | |

| |days. Because our planet spins on its axis, the Northern and | | | | | | | |

| |Southern Hemispheres receive different amounts of Sunlight | | | | | | | |

| |depending on where our planet is in its yearly orbit, which causes| | | | | | | |

| |the seasons. Winter occurs in the Northern Hemisphere because it | | | | | | | |

| |is tilted away from the Sun, making the days shorter there, while | | | | | | | |

| |Summer occurs because it is tilted toward the Sun, making the days| | | | | | | |

| |longer. On June 20th or 21st, the Summer Solstice, the Northern | | | | | | | |

| |Hemisphere is most strongly tilted toward the Sun, making it the | | | | | | | |

| |day in the year with the | | | | | | | |

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| | | | |

|The American Chestnut | | |The Vernal Equinox | |

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| | | | | |

| |The flow of nutrients is eventually choked off to and from | | | | |most sunlight. On December 21st or 22nd, the Winter Solstice, the | | |

| |sections of the tree above the infection, which would eventually | | | | |Northern Hemisphere is most strongly tilted away from the Sun, | | |

| |kill the tree. Today, American Chestnuts can still be found in the| | | | |making it the darkest day of the year, but also marks when the | | |

| |Appalachian Mountains, recognizable by their distinctive leaves; | | | | |days will start getting brighter! | | |

| |however, the specimens that survive in the wild today only manage | | | | | | | |

| |to grow for a short while before the blight cuts them back down to| | | | |Twice a year, our entire planet is in complete equilibrium, equal | | |

| |their roots. | | | | |parts day and night in both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres.| | |

| | | | | | |These are known as the Equinoxes, with the Autumnal (Fall) Equinox| | |

| |Now, thanks to research and efforts by brilliant scientists with | | | | |occurring on September 22nd or 23rd, and the Vernal (Spring) | | |

| |The American Chestnut Foundation, they have been able to cross the| | | | |Equinox occurring on March 20th or 21st. Today, our Sun was | | |

| |American Chestnut with a Chinese Chestnut that is blight resistant| | | | |exactly vertically above a point on our Earth’s Equator at 05:32 | | |

| |to help the American Chestnut begin its repopulation of the | | | | |PM. | | |

| |Eastern United States. | | | | | | | |

| | | | | | |[pic] | | |

| |The seed used in today’s Tree Unity Ceremony is a blight-resistant| | | | | | | |

| |American Chestnut strain. Its growth progress will be monitored to| | | | | | | |

| |help facilitate the research of the American Chestnut Foundation. | | | | | | | |

| | | | | |

| | |

| | |

|The American Chestnut | | |The Vernal Equinox | |

| |The flow of nutrients is eventually choked off to and from | | | | |most sunlight. On December 21st or 22nd, the Winter Solstice, the | | |

| |sections of the tree above the infection, which would eventually | | | | |Northern Hemisphere is most strongly tilted away from the Sun, | | |

| |kill the tree. Today, American Chestnuts can still be found in the| | | | |making it the darkest day of the year, but also marks when the | | |

| |Appalachian Mountains, recognizable by their distinctive leaves; | | | | |days will start getting brighter! | | |

| |however, the specimens that survive in the wild today only manage | | | | | | | |

| |to grow for a short while before the blight cuts them back down to| | | | |Twice a year, our entire planet is in complete equilibrium, equal | | |

| |their roots. | | | | |parts day and night in both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres.| | |

| | | | | | |These are known as the Equinoxes, with the Autumnal (Fall) Equinox| | |

| |Now, thanks to research and efforts by brilliant scientists with | | | | |occurring on September 22nd or 23rd, and the Vernal (Spring) | | |

| |The American Chestnut Foundation, they have been able to cross the| | | | |Equinox occurring on March 20th or 21st. Today, our Sun was | | |

| |American Chestnut with a Chinese Chestnut that is blight resistant| | | | |exactly vertically above a point on our Earth’s Equator at 05:32 | | |

| |to help the American Chestnut begin its repopulation of the | | | | |PM. | | |

| |Eastern United States. | | | | | | | |

| | | | | | |[pic] | | |

| |The seed used in today’s Tree Unity Ceremony is a blight-resistant| | | | | | | |

| |American Chestnut strain. Its growth progress will be monitored to| | | | | | | |

| |help facilitate the research of the American Chestnut Foundation. | | | | | | | |

| | | | | |

| | | | |

| | | | |

|The Forge of Stars | | |The American Chestnut | |

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| | | | | | |The American Chestnut tree reigned over 200 million acres of | | |

| |“We are stardust, we are golden, we are billion year old carbon.” | | | | |eastern woodlands from Maine to Florida, and from the Piedmont | | |

| |– Joni Mitchell | | | | |west to the Ohio Valley, until succumbing to a lethal fungus | | |

| | | | | | |infestation, known as the chestnut blight, during the first half | | |

| |Our Sun has a mass of 332,900 Earths, and accounts for 99.86% of | | | | |of the 20th century. | | |

| |the mass in our Solar System. Within the Sun’s center, the | | | | | | | |

| |pressure is so great that hydrogen atoms, the first element on the| | | | |An estimated 4 billion American chestnuts, 1/4 of the hardwood | | |

| |periodic table, are pushed together to form helium atoms, the | | | | |tree population, grew within this range. The American chestnut | | |

| |second element. Because four hydrogen atoms have a combined mass | | | | |tree was an essential component of the entire eastern US | | |

| |of 4.0312 amu, and the single helium atom they combine to form has| | | | |ecosystem. A late-flowering, reliable, and productive tree, | | |

| |a mass of 4.0026 amu, the missing mass is converted to energy in | | | | |unaffected by seasonal frosts, it was the single most important | | |

| |fusion reactions according to E=mc2. This is how the Sun produces | | | | |food source for a wide variety of wildlife from bears to birds. | | |

| |the light and heat powering all life on Earth. | | | | | | | |

| | | | | | |Rural communities depended upon the annual nut harvest as a cash | | |

| |Stars larger than our Sun fuse heavier elements up the periodic | | | | |crop to feed livestock. The blight, imported to the US on Asian | | |

| |table until they create iron. Because the fusion reaction that | | | | |chestnut trees, is a fungus dispersed by spores in the air, | | |

| |generates iron produces no excess energy, stars sufficiently | | | | |raindrops or animals. It enters through a fresh injury in the | | |

| |saturated with iron collapse in on themselves, and then, like a | | | | |tree's bark. It spreads into the bark, killing the underlayers of | | |

| |hammer striking a rubber ball, rebound into an explosion known as | | | | |tissues as it advances. | | |

| |a supernova. These dramatic celestial phenomenon have produced all| | | | | | | |

| |the heavier elements that exist in the Universe today. | | | | | | | |

| | | | | |

| | |

| | |

|The Forge of Stars | | |The American Chestnut | |

| | | | | | |The American Chestnut tree reigned over 200 million acres of | | |

| |“We are stardust, we are golden, we are billion year old carbon.” | | | | |eastern woodlands from Maine to Florida, and from the Piedmont | | |

| |– Joni Mitchell | | | | |west to the Ohio Valley, until succumbing to a lethal fungus | | |

| | | | | | |infestation, known as the chestnut blight, during the first half | | |

| |Our Sun has a mass of 332,900 Earths, and accounts for 99.86% of | | | | |of the 20th century. | | |

| |the mass in our Solar System. Within the Sun’s center, the | | | | | | | |

| |pressure is so great that hydrogen atoms, the first element on the| | | | |An estimated 4 billion American chestnuts, 1/4 of the hardwood | | |

| |periodic table, are pushed together to form helium atoms, the | | | | |tree population, grew within this range. The American chestnut | | |

| |second element. Because four hydrogen atoms have a combined mass | | | | |tree was an essential component of the entire eastern US | | |

| |of 4.0312 amu, and the single helium atom they combine to form has| | | | |ecosystem. A late-flowering, reliable, and productive tree, | | |

| |a mass of 4.0026 amu, the missing mass is converted to energy in | | | | |unaffected by seasonal frosts, it was the single most important | | |

| |fusion reactions according to E=mc2. This is how the Sun produces | | | | |food source for a wide variety of wildlife from bears to birds. | | |

| |the light and heat powering all life on Earth. | | | | | | | |

| | | | | | |Rural communities depended upon the annual nut harvest as a cash | | |

| |Stars larger than our Sun fuse heavier elements up the periodic | | | | |crop to feed livestock. The blight, imported to the US on Asian | | |

| |table until they create iron. Because the fusion reaction that | | | | |chestnut trees, is a fungus dispersed by spores in the air, | | |

| |generates iron produces no excess energy, stars sufficiently | | | | |raindrops or animals. It enters through a fresh injury in the | | |

| |saturated with iron collapse in on themselves, and then, like a | | | | |tree's bark. It spreads into the bark, killing the underlayers of | | |

| |hammer striking a rubber ball, rebound into an explosion known as | | | | |tissues as it advances. | | |

| |a supernova. These dramatic celestial phenomenon have produced all| | | | | | | |

| |the heavier elements that exist in the Universe today. | | | | | | | |

| | | | | |

| | | | |

| | | | |

|The American Chestnut | | |The Forge of Stars | |

| | | | | |

| | | | | |

| | | | | |

| | | | | |

| |[pic] | | | | | | | |

| |The American Chestnut was once a major component of Eastern | | | | |[pic] | | |

| |American Forests | | | | | | | |

| | | | | | |Elements forged within stars. | | |

| | | | | | | | | |

| | | | | | |Wedding rings are often made of silver, gold and | | |

| | | | | | |titanium--elements that only form when a star goes | | |

| | | | | | |supernova--meaning they probably had to travel billions of years | | |

| | | | | | |across time and billions of light years across space to be here | | |

| | | | | | |today. | | |

| |(Note the man in the picture.) | | | | | |

| | |

| | |

|The American Chestnut | | |The Forge of Stars | |

| |[pic] | | | | | | | |

| |The American Chestnut was once a major component of Eastern | | | | |[pic] | | |

| |American Forests | | | | | | | |

| | | | | | |Elements forged within stars. | | |

| | | | | | | | | |

| | | | | | |Wedding rings are often made of silver, gold and | | |

| | | | | | |titanium--elements that only form when a star goes | | |

| | | | | | |supernova--meaning they probably had to travel billions of years | | |

| | | | | | |across time and billions of light years across space to be here | | |

| | | | | | |today. | | |

| |(Note the man in the picture.) | | | | | |

| | | | |

| | | | |

|Lazarus Taxon | | |Lazarus Taxon | |

| | | | | |

| | | | | |

| | | | | |

| | | | | |

| |A Lazarus Species or Taxon is a grouping of organisms that has | | | | | | | |

| |disappeared from the fossil record only to reappear again at a | | | | |[pic] | | |

| |later point in history. “Lazarus” is a reference to a person | | | | |Wollemi Pine at the Norfolk Botanical Gardens | | |

| |resurrected by Jesus in the New Testament’s Gospel of John. One | | | | | | | |

| |example of a Lazarus Taxon is the coelacanth, a fish considered | | | | | | | |

| |the “missing link” between fish and tetrapods, which was thought | | | | | | | |

| |to have gone extinct 80 million years ago, but was found alive in | | | | | | | |

| |1938. | | | | | | | |

| |[pic] | | | | | | | |

| |Coelacanth | | | | | | | |

| |The Wollemi Pines (Wollemia) used in the ceremony are a species | | | | | | | |

| |that were previously only known from two to 200 million year old | | | | | | | |

| |fossils, until a field officer discovered living specimens | | | | | | | |

| |adventuring in the Blue Mountains of Australia. The species is | | | | | | | |

| |currently listed as critically endangered, but is now commercially| | | | | | | |

| |available and is appearing in botanical gardens around the world. | | | | | | | |

| | | | | |

| | |

| | |

|Lazarus Taxon | | |Lazarus Taxon | |

| |A Lazarus Species or Taxon is a grouping of organisms that has | | | | | | | |

| |disappeared from the fossil record only to reappear again at a | | | | |[pic] | | |

| |later point in history. “Lazarus” is a reference to a person | | | | |Wollemi Pine at the Norfolk Botanical Gardens | | |

| |resurrected by Jesus in the New Testament’s Gospel of John. One | | | | | | | |

| |example of a Lazarus Taxon is the coelacanth, a fish considered | | | | | | | |

| |the “missing link” between fish and tetrapods, which was thought | | | | | | | |

| |to have gone extinct 80 million years ago, but was found alive in | | | | | | | |

| |1938. | | | | | | | |

| |[pic] | | | | | | | |

| |Coelacanth | | | | | | | |

| |The Wollemi Pines (Wollemia) used in the ceremony are a species | | | | | | | |

| |that were previously only known from two to 200 million year old | | | | | | | |

| |fossils, until a field officer discovered living specimens | | | | | | | |

| |adventuring in the Blue Mountains of Australia. The species is | | | | | | | |

| |currently listed as critically endangered, but is now commercially| | | | | | | |

| |available and is appearing in botanical gardens around the world. | | | | | | | |

| | | | | |

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