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HistoryPaper 1 :Peace to War 1919-39 and Causes and Events of World War One. Monday 1 June 2015 (am)Paper 2: British Depth Study 1939 - 1975: Wednesday 10 June 2015 (am)Content: What to revise.....Paper 1: Peace to War 1919-39 and Causes and Events of World War OneKey Question 1: Were the Peace Treaties of 1919—1923 fair?? What were the motives and aims of the Big Three at Versailles?? Why did the victors not get everything they wanted?? What were the immediate reactions to the peace settlement?? Could the treaties be justified at the time?Specified ContentThe peace treaties of 1919—1923 (Versailles, St Germain, Trianon, Sèvres and Lausanne); the roles of individuals such as Wilson, Clemenceau and Lloyd George in the peacemaking process; the immediate reactions to, and opinions about, the treaties, especially in Britain, France, Germany and the USA.Key Question 2: To what extent was the League of Nations a success?? What were the aims of the League?? How successful was the League in the 1920s?? How far did weaknesses in the League’s organisation make failure inevitable?? How far did the Depression make the work of the League more difficult?? Why did the League fail over Manchuria and Abyssinia?Specified ContentThe aims of the League, its strengths and weaknesses in structure and organisation; successes and failures in peacekeeping during the I920s; disarmament; the work of the Court of International Justice; the ILO and the Special Commissions; the impact of the World Depression on the work of the League after 1929; the failures of the League in Manchuria and Abyssinia.Key Question 3: Why had international peace collapsed by 1939?? What were the long-term consequences of the peace treaties of 1919—1923?? What were the consequences of the failures of the League in the 1930s?? How far was Hitler’s foreign policy to blame for the outbreak of war in 1939?? Was the policy of appeasement justified? How important was the Nazi-Soviet Pact?? Why did Britain and France declare war on Germany in September 1939?Specified ContentThe collapse of international order in the I930s; the increasing militarism of Germany, Italy and Japan; Hitler’s foreign policy up to 1939; the Saar, remilitarisation of the Rhineland, Austria, Czechoslovakia and Poland; the Nazi-Soviet Pact; appeasement and the outbreak of war in September 1939.Causes and Events of World War OneKey Question 1: Why was there increasing tension between the Great Powers, 1890–1914?? Did the Alliance System make war more likely?? How far did colonial problems create tensions between the Great Powers?? Why were problems in the Balkans so difficult for the Great Powers to solve?? How important was the Kaiser in causing the worsening international situation?? Why did the arms race escalate, 1900–1914?Specified ContentThe Alliance System; the arms race; the Moroccan Crises of 1905 and 1911; colonial rivalries; developments in the Balkans; the role of the Kaiser.Key Question 2: Why did the First World War break out in 1914?? Why was Franz Ferdinand assassinated?? How did the assassination of Franz Ferdinand lead to the outbreak of war?? How far were the actions of Austria-Hungary, Britain, Germany and Russia responsible forthe outbreak of war?? How far did the Schlieffen Plan contribute to the outbreak of war?Specified ContentThe assassination of Franz Ferdinand; the crisis of June–July 1914; the Schlieffen Plan; theoutbreak of war.Key Question 3: What happened on the Western Front?? Why did the war get bogged down in the trenches?? What was living and fighting in the trenches like?? How far did General Haig mismanage the Battle of the Somme?? How important were new developments such as tanks, machine guns, aircraft and gas?? What was the importance of America’s entry into the war?? Why did Germany agree to an armistice in 1918?Specified ContentThe main battles on the Western Front including the Somme; the nature and problems of trench warfare; the leadership of General Haig; American entry into the war; the Germanoffensive of 1918 and the Allied advance; conditions in Germany towards the end of the war; the Armistice.Key Question 4: How important were the other fronts?Who won the war at sea?What happened in the Gallipoli campaign of 1915?Why was Russia defeated in 1918?Specified ContentThe Battle of Jutland and its consequences; the blockading of Germany; the use of convoys and submarines; the reasons for the Gallipoli campaign and the main events of the campaign; events on the Eastern Front and the defeat of Russia.Paper 2: British Depth Study, 1939 - 1975Key Question: How did British society change, 1939 - 1975?Focus Points? What impact did the Second World War have on the British people?? What immigrants were living in Britain in 1945?? Why did different groups migrate to Britain between 1948 and 1972?? What were the experiences of immigrants in Britain?? What contribution had immigrants made to British society by the early 1970s?? What was the impact of the National Health Service on people’s lives?? What was life like for most women in the 1950s?? How were women discriminated against in the 1960s and early 1970s?? What factors led to changes in the roles of women?? How much change had taken place for women by 1975?? What was it like growing up in the 1950s?? Why were there changes in the lives of teenagers in the 1960s?? How did teenagers and students behave in the 1960s and early 1970s?? How far did the lives of all teenagers change in the 1960s and early 1970s?Specified ContentBritain as a multi-cultural society in 1939. The experiences and impact of groups such as Italian and German prisoners of war, GIs and Commonwealth soldiers. Immigration from the Caribbean,India, Pakistan and Uganda. The experiences of these immigrants and attitudes towards them. The contribution made to British society by immigrants. The riots in 1958 and the activities of the British National Party (National Front). Legislation relating to immigration and race in the 1960s and early 1970s. Enoch Powell in 1968. The emergence of a multi-cultural society by the mid 1970s.The changing role and the contribution of women during the Second World War, for example, civil defence, the land army, factory work, joining the armed forces and looking after families. The impact of these changes after the war. Women in the 1950s. Discrimination in the 1960s and early 1970s. The impact of the introduction of the pill, the ‘women’s lib’ movement. Abortion. The 1969 Divorce Law Reform Act, the 1975 Sex Discrimination Act. The extent of the progress made by 1975.The experiences of children during the Second World War: the Blitz, evacuation, rationing, diet, children’s health and education, the absence of fathers. The increasing awareness on the part of the middle classes of the condition of working class children. The Beveridge Report. The creation and impact of the National Health Service. The lives of teenagers in the 1950s, the impact of increased affluence, the impact of American culture on British teenagers. The introduction of comprehensive education and university expansion. Student protests in the 1960s. Youth culture, for example, Mods and Rockers, the growing popularity and impact of rock music, clothes and fashion. Teenagers as consumers. The reactions of the authorities to these changes. The extent to which the lives of all teenagers were changed by the mid 1970s.GCSE Exam GuidanceRevise! Without it, this advice is irrelevant.Paper 1: Peace to War 1919-39 and Causes and Events of World War One Exam duration: 2 hours Worth 45%Section A: 15 minutesYou must answer Q1 because we have not covered the work for Q2. 1(a) will ask you to interpret a Source, usually a cartoon. Work out its message and start your answer with this, i.e. “The message of the Source is “.........” Then make sure you support your answer by referring to both features of the Source and your own knowledge. 6 marks. 1(b) will be an “Explain” question 9 marks Try to identify 3 factors and explain each one in 3 separate paragraphs.Section B: 35 minutesYou will have to answer 1 question in this section. You will have a choice of either Q3 or Q4. You will not be able to do Q5 OR Q6. 3(a) or 4(a) worth 4 marks will require you to come up with 4 different points or 2 points that are briefly developed. 3(b) or 4(b) questions worth 6 marks will be “Explain” type questions. Identify 3 factors and explain them in 3 paragraphs. 3(c) or 4(c) questions worth 10 marks can be varied:They might ask you to compare the importance of given factors. If so, you must discuss all three and try to come up with a convincing argument about the most important or how they combine; they might ask “How successful was?” or “How far was?” - for these questions, produce a balanced answer but come to a judgement that is convincing.Section C: 70 minutesIt will be on the Causes and Events of World War OneYou will have 70 minutes for this section. You must answer Q7 (a), (b) and (c). These will be 3 Source questions. Spend approx. 10 minutes on each one. You must refer to the Source in your answer and combine it with your knowledge. You will then have a choice of question, either Q8 or Q9. Spend 35 minutes on this question. They will follow the same format as Qs 3 and 4 in Section B (4 marks, 6 marks, 10 marks)Paper 2: Britain 1939 - 1975 Exam duration: 1 hour 30 minutes Worth 30%This is a Source based paper and will be on one of the following topics:Women: 1939 – 1975Immigration: 1939 – 1975Lives of Young People: 1939 - 1975Spend the first few minutes reading through the background information and the Sources trying to work out the message of each, it’s possible purpose, its provenance (who wrote it, when, where)No answer that ignores the actual content of the Source can earn a high mark no matter how much knowledge is shown. For every question use a bit of the source and your own knowledge.The last question is worth the most marks (16). Be sure to spend enough time on it. You must produce a balanced answer. Use 4 Sources- 2 for and 2 against. Judge the reliability of two. Produce a convincing judgement and you get the extra 2 marks.For reliability questions “Does this prove?” and “Why do these two sources disagree?” use PAST. (Purpose, Audience, Situation of author, Test against own knowledge)For “How useful is?” questions use PAL (Positive aspects of the source And Limitations)When asked to evaluate a Source, e.g. to judge its reliability, remember you are being asked to judge what it says, i.e. its content. Use this triangle to help you:How do I achieve a grade......C/B? Identify several reasons? Describe each reason using facts? Explain how this reason actually answers the question set? Use phrases such as ‘this meant that...’‘therefore.. ’‘this happened because..’? Write in paragraphs: one paragraph for each reason? Avoid writing lists or bullet points? Use the wording from the question in your answer e.g. How satisfied was Clemenceau with the Treaty of Versailles? ...“I think Clemenceau was only partially satisfied with the Treaty of Versailles because..”? A good source answer will write about the source and use relevant own knowledge.A/A*? Follow all of the guidance above for grades C/B, plus...? Explain why one factor (cause) is more important than another; this can be done effectively by arguing that an event would never have happened if a particular factor had not been present e.g. “World War Two would never have happened if it had not been for the Treaty of Versailles, I think this because....”? Alternatively, you could argue that factors link together to cause an event and are, therefore, of equal importance. You would then need to show exactly how factors combine to cause a particular event.? Final judgement: in answer to “How far..?” and “How successful ..?“ type questions, include a final judgment at the end of your answer to indicate your conclusion e.g. “very successful”, “partly successful”, “successful for some people such as ... but not others” ................
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