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REFUGEES, MIGRANTS AND DISPLACEMENTNew York UniversityGraduate School of Arts and ScienceDepartment of PoliticsPOL-GA.3501.002Spring 2019Dr. Laurie P. SalitanTime: Tuesday, 2-3:50pmLocation: Room 432, 19 West 4th St.Office Hours: By appointmentRoom 303Email: Laurie.Salitan@nyu.eduCourse Description:This course is designed to provide an understanding of the major causes of contemporary migration and population displacement. Global, regional, and national processes driving refugee and migration flows will be examined. Students will consider a range of critical issues and factors contributing to displacement, including poverty, uneven development, competition for resources, globalization, political instability, war, violence, environmental degradation and natural disasters. Human trafficking and smuggling, international human rights protections, xenophobia, citizenship and statelessness will be addressed as well. Course Requirements:1. This seminar requires substantial weekly reading and places significant emphasis on preparation, class participation and discussion. Attendance and active engagement in class are essential components of this course.2.Weekly Response Papers: Our organizing structure will be PERSPECTIVES ON HUMAN INSECURITY. Each week students will synthesize the week’s materials in a 2-3 page written analysis that highlights the key issues, concepts and debates, with emphasis on the important analytical issues discussed in the readings. Questions for class discussion should be included. The weekly write-up must be distributed to all members of the seminar via email attachment by noon (12pm) each Monday preceding our seminar. One student each week will be the designated discussion leader.Assigned readings are available through the reserve desk at Bobst library. Many of the direct links have been provided below. An asterisk (*) indicates a book available for purchase in the NYU bookstore. You are not required to purchase any books.3. STUDENT COLLOQUIUM and Research Paper: Xenophobic Nationalism. We will hold a colloquium entitled Xenophobic Nationalism at our final class session on May 7, 2019. Students will present their final research papers analyzing international migration through the lens of public insecurity and xenophobic nationalism, a view that seeks congruence between the state and the nation and considers migrants a threat to cultural and national identity. What are the prevailing anti-immigrant and xenophobic arguments? Why do they have traction and with whom? How do the narratives operate? Who promotes them? Where are they successful? How widespread is xenophobic nationalism and how is it manifest? Each student will consider these questions and other case specific pertinent issues for a single country of her/his choice to be selected by Week 7, March 12, 2019.Additional notes about the research paper:This paper must clearly reflect an ability to think critically and analytically. It is a formal research paper and must employ standard citation (Chicago style preferred) and bibliographic formats. The paper should provide scholarly analysis and assessment. It should situate your case in the context of the existing scholarship. The papers should be 15-20 pages in length. All papers are due in class as hard copies AND by email attachment at the time of the presentation on May 7, 2019.Grading breakdown:50% Weekly assignment and class participation.50% Final paper and presentation.If you need to review basic principles of research design see:Gary King, R. Keohane, S. Verba, Designing Social Inquiry, browse topics, including pp. 28-33 on main themes; 35-36 on generalization; 43-46 on case studies; 99-114 on constructing theory; pp. 128-139 on bias in selecting evidence. Henry Brady and David Collier, Rethinking Social Inquiry. Qualitative and mixed-methods critique of and amendment to the volume by King, Keohane and Verba.Section 1: INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUNDWeek One (January 29): Introduction—Background facts and TerminologyWorldwide forced displacement is at an all time high. The global population of forcibly displaced persons in 1997 was 33.9 million; by the middle of 2017 the number of individuals forcibly displaced as a result of persecution, conflict, violence or human rights violations had reached 68.5 million. Nearly 25.4 million people were designated as refugees, 52% and of whom were children under 18 years of age. Forty million people were internally displaced. The number of new displacements was equivalent to an average of 44,400 people being forced to flee their homes every day in 2017. (Figures are from the UN High commissioner for Refugees. See )UNHCR (March 15, 2016. Rev. August 30, 2018): Refugees and Migrants-Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) Organization for Migration (IOM): “key migration terms” and browse through the links on the dropdown menu in the left margin of the web page.UNHCR: Desperate Journeys: Refugees and Migrants Arriving in Europe and at Europe’s Borders January-August 2018. : Migration to Europe in Charts 2014-2017 Organization for Migration: Migration Flows to Europe 2017 Overview, Ilaria, “One Million Refugees in Lebanon, A Quarter of the Population,” 26 September 2016. ResetDOC Two (February 5): Historical Background, Terminology and TheoriesLong, Katy, “When Refugees Stopped Being Migrants: Movement, Labour and Humanitarian Protection,” Migration Studies, Vol. 1, No. 1 (March 2013), pp. 4-26.Malkki, Liisa, “Refugees and Exile: From "Refugee Studies" to the National Order of Things.” Annual Review of Anthropology, Vol. 24. (1995), pp. 495-523.Douglas S. Massey, Joaquin Arango, Graeme Hugo, Ali Kouaouci, Adela Pellegrino and J. Edward, “Theories of International Migration: A Review and Appraisal,” Population and Development Review, Vol. 19, No. 3 (September 1993), pp. 431-466.Gatrell, Peter, The Making of the Modern Refugee, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013, Introduction, pp. 1-20.Zetter, Roger, “More Labels, Fewer Refugees: Remaking the Refugee Label in an Era of Globalization,” Journal of Refugee Studies, Vol. 20, No. 2 (2007), pp. 172-192.Supplementary:World Migration Report 2018: Chapter 2, “Migration and Migrants: A Global Overview,” International Organization for Migration (IOM), 2017.Section 2: BROAD THEMES AND ROOT CAUSES OF MIGRATION AND DISPLACEMENTWeek Three (February 12): Inequality Clemens, Michael, “Why Today’s Migration Crisis is an Issue of Global Economic Inequality” , Karen, “Livelihoods and Economics in Forced Migration,” chapter 8, pp. 99-111 in Fiddian-Qasmiyeh, Elena; Loescher, Gil; Long, Katy; Sigona, Nando, eds., The Oxford Handbook of Refugee and Forced Migration Studies, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014. Newland, Kathleen, “The Global Compact for Migration: How Does Development Fit In?” Migration Policy Institute Policy Briefs, (November 2017). *Sassen, Saskia, Expulsions: Brutality and Complexity in the Global Economy, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2014.Podcast: “Inequality, Immigration and Refugee Protection, ” Dr. Katy Long, Lecturer in International Development at the University of Edinburgh, Public Seminar Series of the Oxford Refugee Studies Centre. November 27, 2014.Supplementary:Bakewell, Oliver, “Keeping Them in Their Place: The Ambivalent Relationship Between Development and Migration in Africa” Working Paper 8 (2007), International Migration Institute, University of Oxford. Hear, Nicholas; Bakewell, Oliver; and Long, Katy, “Drivers of Migration,” Migrating Out of Poverty Research Programme Consortium Working Paper 1 (March 2012). Four (February 19): Crisis Migration-Political InstabilityBetts, Alexander, “International Relations and Forced Migration,” chapter 5, pp. 60-73 and Sarah Kenyon Lischer, “Conflict and Crisis-Induced Displacement,” chapter 25, pp. 318-329 in Fiddian-Qasmiyeh, Elena; Loescher, Gil; Long, Katy; Sigona, Nando, eds., The Oxford Handbook of Refugee and Forced Migration Studies, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014.Ramji-Nogales, Jaya, “Migration Emergencies,” Hastings Law Journal. Vol. 69, No. 609 (April, 2017), pp. 609-655.Salehyan, Idea, “Forced Migration as a Cause and Consequence of Civil War,” pp. 267- 278 in Newman, Edward and DeRouen, Karl, eds., Routledge Handbook of Civil Wars, London: Routledge, 2014. This chapter can be downloaded from: , Susanne, “Conflict and Forced Migration: A Quantitative Review 1964-1995,” pp. 62-94 in Zolberg, Aristide, and Benda, Peter, eds., Global Migrants, Global Refugees: Problems and Solutions, NY: Berghahn Books, 2001.Week Five (February 26): Crisis Migration-Climate Change and Natural DisastersBoano, Camillo; Zetter, Roger; and Morris, Tim, “Environmentally Displaced People: Understanding the Linkages Between Environmental Change, Livelihoods and Forced Migration,” Forced Migration Policy Briefing No. 1 (November 2008), Refugee Studies Center RSC , Maxine, “Behind the Veil: Climate Migration, Regime Shift, and a New Theory of Justice,” Harvard Civil Rights-Civil Liberties Law Review. Vol. 53 Issue 2, (Fall 2018), pp. 445-493.Martin, Susan, et al. “Crisis Migration,” Brown Journal of World Affairs, Vol. 20 Issue 1, (Fall/Winter2013), pp. 123-137.Taub, Ben, “Lake Chad: The World’s Most Complex Humanitarian Disaster,” The New Yorker, December 4, 2017, pp. 46-57. , William B., “Ecomigration: Linkages between Environmental Change and Migration,” pp. 42-61, in Zolberg, Aristide, and Benda, Peter, eds., Global Migrants, Global Refugees: Problems and Solutions, NY: Berghahn Books, 2001.Supplementary:Patrick Kingsley reporting for The Guardian newspaper: and J?ger, Jill, eds., Environment, Forced Migration and Social Vulnerability, Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag, 2010. (Online access available through Springer Link via NYU Bobst Library.)Ferris, Elizabeth, “Recurrent Acute Disasters, Crisis Migration: Haiti Has Had It All,” pp. 77-97 in Martin, Susan F.; Weerasinghe, Sanjula; and Taylor, Abbie, eds., Humanitarian Crises and Migration: Causes, Consequences and Responses, New York: Routledge, 2014.Luft, Rachel E. and Finger, Davida, “No Shelter: Disaster Politics in Louisiana and the Struggle for Human Rights.” In Hertel, Shareen, and Libal, Kathryn, eds., Human Rights in the United States: Beyond Exceptionalism, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2011.Week Six (March 5): GlobalizationChimni, B.S., Globalisation, Humanitarianism and the Erosion of Refugee Protection. RSC Working Paper No. 3 Oxford University Refugee Studies Center (February 2000). , Matthew and Perez-Ga?an, Rocio, “North-South Migrations and the Asymmetric Expulsions of Late Capitalism: Global Inequality, Arbitrage, and New Dynamics of North-South Transnationalism,” Migration Studies, Vol. 5, No. 1 (March 2017), pp. 116-135.Korzeniewicz, Roberto Patricio and Albrecht, Scott, “Income Differentials and Global Migration in the Contemporary World-Economy,” Current Sociology, Vol. 64, No. 2 (2015), pp. 259-276.Li, Peter S., “World Migration in the Age of Globalization: Policy Implications and Challenges,” New Zealand Population Review, 33/34 (2008), pp. 1-22.Shamir, Ronen, “Without Borders? Notes on Globalization as a Mobility Regime,” Sociological Theory Vol. 23, No. 2 (June 2005), pp. 197-217.Week Seven (March 12): Migration Risks-Smuggling and Trafficking***Written Proposal for Final Paper/Presentation IS DUE TODAY.Anderson, Bridget, “Trafficking,” Chapter 28, pp. 355-366 in Fiddian-Qasmiyeh, Elena; Loescher, Gil; Long, Katy; Sigona, Nando, eds., The Oxford Handbook of Refugee and Forced Migration Studies, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014.Andersson, Ruben, "Europe’s Failed ‘Fight’ Against Irregular Migration: Ethnographic Notes on a Counterproductive Industry,"?Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies,?Vol. 42, No. 7 (2016), pp. 1055-1075. HYPERLINK "" \t "_blank" , Josh, “Australia’s Irregular Migration Information Campaigns: Border Externalization, Spatial Imaginaries, and Extraterritorial Subjugation,”?Territory, Politics, Governance, Vol. 5, No. 3 (2017), pp. 282-303.? HYPERLINK "" \t "_blank" ívar,?Cecilia?and?Perreira,?Krista M., “Undocumented and Unaccompanied: Children of Migration in the European Union and the United States,”?Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies?(published online Dec. 21, 2017)?DOI: 10.1080/1369183X.2017.1404255.? HYPERLINK "" \t "_blank" Policy Practice, Special Issue: Irregular Migration, Vol. VII, Number 2, April–September 2017: HYPERLINK "" \t "_blank" data see: Fronex Risk Analysis for 2018: HYPERLINK "" \t "_blank" , Frank, et al., “Migrant Smuggling Data and Research: A Global Review of the Emerging Evidence Base,” IOM Migration Research Series. Geneva: International Organisation for Migration (2016). Eight (March 26): Culture/Identity/Othering, Who are “We?” Who are “They?” *Taras, Ray, Europe Old and New: Transnationalism, Belonging, Xenophobia, NY: Rowman & Littlefield, 2009, Introduction, Chapters 3-6, 9.*?i?ek, Slavoj, Refugees, Terror and Other Troubles with the Neighbors: Against the Double Blackmail, NY: Melville Press, 2016.Section 3: HUMAN RIGHTS, INTERNATIONAL OBLIGATIONS, and STATELESSNESSWeek Nine (April 2): Human RightsArendt, Hannah, The Origins of Totalitarianism, New York: Harcourt, Brace, Jovanovich, 1973. (Originally published in 1951 by Schocken Books), Chapter 9, “The Decline of the Nation-State and the End of the Rights of Man”.*Benhabib, Seyla, The Rights of Others: Aliens, Residents and Citizens, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004, Chapters 2-5 and Conclusion. Bloemraad, Irene and Sheares, Alicia, “Understanding Membership in a World of Global Migration: (How) Does Citizenship Matter?” International Migration Review, Vol. 51, No. 4 (Winter 2017), pp. 823-867.Long, Katy, “When Refugees Stopped Being Migrants: Movement, Labour and Humanitarian Protection,” Migration Studies, Vol. 1, No. 1 (2013), pp. 4-26.Milner, James, “Introduction: Understanding Global Refugee Policy,” Journal of Refugee Studies Vol. 27, No. 4 (2014), pp. 477-494.Week Ten (April 9): Statelessness: Camps/Detention CentersChkam, Hakim, “Aid and the Perpetuation of Refugee Camps: The Case of Dadaab in Kenya 1991-2011,” Refugee Survey Quarterly, Vol. 35, Issue 2 (June 2016), pp. 79-97.Fiddian-Qismeyeh, E., Loescher, G., Long, K. and Sigona, N. (eds.) The Oxford Handbook of Refugee and Forced Migration Studies, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014, Part II: Shifting Spaces and Scenarios for Displacement, Chapters 10, 12, 14, 15.Malkki, Liisa H., “News from Nowhere: Mass Displacement and the Globalized ‘Problem of Organization,’” Ethnography, Vol. 3, No. 3 (September 2002), pp. 351-360.Bradley, Megan, “Rethinking Refugeehood: Statelessness, Repatriation and Refugee Agency’, Review of International Studies Vol. 40, No. 1 (2014), pp. 101-123.Turner, Simon, “What Is a Refugee Camp? Explorations of the Limits and Effects of the Camp,” Journal of Refugee Studies, Vol. 29, No. 2 (2015), pp. 139-148.Supplementary:Rawlence, Ben, City of Thorns: Nine Lives in the World's Largest Refugee Camp, NY: Picador, 2016.Section 4: SPECIAL TOPICS: Week Eleven (April 16) Spaces and BordersGupta, Akhil and Ferguson, James, “Beyond Culture,” Cultural Anthropology, Vol. 7, No. 1, Space, Identity, and the Politics of Difference (February 1992), pp. 6-23.Malkki, Liisa, “The Rooting of Peoples and the Territorialization of National Identity Among Scholars and Refugees,” Cultural Anthropology, Vol. 7, No. 1, Space, Identity, and the Politics of Difference (February 1992), pp. 24-44.Week Twelve (April 23): Perspectives on MigrantsTaylor, Charles, Interculturalism or Multiculturalism? Philosophy and Social Criticism Vol. 38, Nos. 4-5 (2012), pp. 413–423.Bauman, Zygmunt, “Migration and Identities in the Globalized World,” Philosophy and Social Criticism, Vol. 37, No. 4 (2011), pp.425-435.Bilgrami, Akeel, “Reflections on Three Populisms,” Philosophy and Social Criticism, Vol. 44, No. 4 (2018), pp. 453-462.Lucassen, Leo, “Peeling an Onion: The ‘Refugee Crisis’ From a Historical Perspective, Ethnic and Racial Studies, Vol. 41, No. 3 (2017), pp. 383-410.Verkuyten, Maykel; Mepham Kieran & Kros, Mathijs, “Public Attitudes towards Support for Migrants: The Importance of Perceived Voluntary and Involuntary Migration,” Ethnic and Racial Studies, Vol. 41, No. 5 (2017), pp. 901-918.Week Thirteen (April 30) STUDENT COLLOQUIUM: Xenophobic NationalismPresentations of research papers in class today. Please submit an electronic version of your paper by email attachment AND a hard copy in class. ................
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