RACE AND ETHNICITY OF ADULTS WHO IDENTIFY AS TRANSGENDER IN THE UNITED ...

RACE AND ETHNICITY OF ADULTS WHO

IDENTIFY AS TRANSGENDER IN THE UNITED STATES

Andrew R. Flores, Taylor N. T. Brown, Jody L. Herman

OCTOBER 2016

INTRODUCTION AND SUMMARY

Data sources that describe the race and ethnicity of adults who identify as transgender in the United States are limited. National population-based surveys, like the American Community Survey, are the best sources to provide generalizable findings on the demographics of U.S. residents. Yet, these surveys have rarely included measures of gender identity that would allow researchers to identify transgender respondents. Therefore, there is limited information on the demographics of this population. However, some representative, state-level surveys do collect this information. In this report, we utilize data from state-level, population-based surveys to estimate the racial and ethnic composition of adults who identify as transgender in the United States. This report is part of a series of Williams Institute reports in which we provide new estimates about the size and basic demographic characteristics of the population of adults who identify as transgender in the U.S. and all 50 states, plus the District of Columbia.1

Existing research that has

utilized non-representative

Figure 1. Estimated Percentage of the Population by Race and Ethnicity

samples, such as from clinical

for the Adult General Population and Trangender-Identified Adults

or convenience samples, have

66%

varying findings about the racial

and ethnic identities of transgender

55%

individuals. The National

Transgender Discrimination Survey,

for example, which surveyed the

largest sample of transgender

individuals in the U.S., prior to the 2015 U.S. Trans Survey, found that 83% of respondents identified as

16% 12%

21% 15%

8% 8%

White, a much larger percentage

than in the U.S. general population.2 Other non-representative samples

White, non-Hispanic

African-American or Black, non-Hispanic

Hispanic or Latino

Other Race or Ethnicity, non-Hispanic

have found that transgender respondents were more likely to

Adult General Population

Transgender-Identi ed Adults

identify as people of color than the

U.S. general population. 3,4 One of the few studies to have drawn on representative, state-level data, found that in

Massachusetts adults who identify as transgender are significantly less likely to identify as White and more likely to

identify as Latino or Hispanic than the non-transgender adult population.5

In this report, we utilize data from the CDC's Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), a national, state-administered survey, which collected data on transgender identity among adults in 19 states for the first time in 2014.6 With these data, we previously estimated that 0.6% of the U.S. adult population identifies as transgender, or 1.4 million adults.7 In this report, we find that the population of adults who identify as transgender is more racially and ethnically diverse than the U.S. general population. We estimate that, among adults who identify as transgender nationally, 55% identify as White, 16% identify as African-American or Black, 21% identify as Latino or Hispanic, and 8% identify as another race or ethnicity.8 We find that adults who are African-American or Black (0.8%), Latino or Hispanic (0.8%), and of another race or ethnicity (0.6%) are more likely than White adults (0.5%) to identify as transgender. The estimates are based on a modelling strategy and are comparable to weighted and unadjusted estimates.

RACE AND ETHNICITY OF ADULTS WHO IDENTIFY AS TRANSGENDER IN THE UNITED STATES | 2

RACE AND ETHNICITY OF ADULTS WHO IDENTIFY AS TRANSGENDER IN THE UNITED STATES

In this report, we consider the racial and ethnic composition of adults who identify as transgender in two ways: the percentage of transgender adults who identify with each racial or ethnic group and the percentage out of each racial or ethnic group that identifies as transgender. In Table 1, the percentage of transgender adults who identify with each racial and ethnic category is provided alongside the general adult population for the U.S. and for each state, plus the District of Columbia. We categorized the racial and ethnic groups to be consistent across the data sources utilized in this report (i.e., BRFSS and the American Community Survey). Due to sample size limitations, several groups are combined in the "Other Race or Ethnicity, non-Hispanic" category, including people who are Asian or Pacific Islander, American Indian or Alaska Native, biracial or multiracial, and other racial and ethnic groups. Based on these estimates, we find that adults who identify as transgender are less likely to be White and more likely to be African-American or Black and Hispanic or Latino than the U.S. general population.

Table 1. Estimated Percentage of the Population by Race and Ethnicity for the Adult General Population and Transgender-Identified Adults

State

White, non-Hispanic

African-American or Black, non-Hispanic

Hispanic or Latino

Other Race or Ethnicity, non-Hispanic

Adult Transgender- Adult Transgender- Adult Transgender- Adult TransgenderGeneral Identified General Identified General Identified General Identified Population Adults Population Adults Population Adults Population Adults

United States

66%

55%

12%

16%

15%

21%

8%

8%

of America

Alabama

69%

60%

25%

32%

3%

4%

3%

3%

Alaska

67%

57%

3%

4%

5%

6%

24%

32%

Arizona

62%

51%

4%

5%

26%

35%

8%

9%

Arkansas

77%

70%

14%

19%

5%

8%

3%

4%

California

43%

32%

6%

7%

34%

45%

17%

16%

Colorado

73%

62%

4%

5%

18%

26%

5%

6%

Connecticut

73%

63%

9%

13%

12%

18%

6%

6%

Delaware

68%

59%

20%

26%

7%

10%

5%

5%

District of Columbia

39%

22%

46%

62%

9%

11%

6%

5%

Florida

60%

50%

14%

19%

22%

26%

4%

4%

Georgia

58%

48%

29%

36%

8%

10%

5%

5%

Hawaii

26%

19%

2%

2%

8%

9%

65%

70%

Idaho

86%

80%

................
................

In order to avoid copyright disputes, this page is only a partial summary.

Google Online Preview   Download