PDF Mitigating Impacts of Oil and Gas Traffic on Southeastern ...
[Pages:210]FINAL REPORT
State of Wyoming Department of Transportation
Mitigating Impacts of Oil and Gas Traffic on Southeastern Wyoming
County Roads
By: Department of Civil and Architectural Engineering
University of Wyoming 1000 E. University Avenue, Dept. 3295
Laramie, Wyoming 82071 February 2013
Notice This document is disseminated under the sponsorship of the Wyoming Department of Transportation in the interest of information exchange. The State of Wyoming and the University of Wyoming assume no liability for the use of the information contained in this document. The contents of this report reflect the views of the author(s) who are responsible for the facts and accuracy of the data presented herein. The contents do not necessarily reflect the official views or policies of the Wyoming Department of Transportation or the University of Wyoming. This report does not constitute a standard, specification, or regulation. The State of Wyoming and the University of Wyoming do not endorse products or manufacturers. Trademarks or manufacturers' names appear in this report only because they are considered essential to the objectives of the document.
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Report No.
Government Accession No.
Title and Subtitle: Mitigating Impacts of Oil and Gas Traffic on Southeastern Wyoming County Roads
Author(s) George Huntington, Abram Pearce, Nathan Stroud, Joshua Jones, Khaled Ksaibati
Performing Organization Name and Address Department of Civil and Architectural Engineering University of Wyoming, Dept 3295 Laramie, WY 82071-3295
Sponsoring Agency Name and Address
Wyoming Department of Transportation 5300 Bishop Blvd.
Cheyenne, WY 82009-3340 WYDOT Research Center (307) 777-4182
Technical Report Documentation Page Recipients Catalog No. Report Date
February 2013 Performing Organization Code Performing Organization Report No.
Work Unit No. Job No.
Contact or Grant No.
Type of Report and Period Covered Final Report
October 2011 ? February 2013 Sponsoring Agency Code
Supplementary Notes
WYDOT Technical Contact: Martin Kidner, P.E. State Planning Engineer
Abstract: The county roads of southeastern Wyoming are experiencing considerable impacts from oil and gas drilling. These impacts may increase substantially in the near future. The Wyoming Department of Transportation contracted with the Wyoming Technology Transfer Center (WY T2/LTAP) at the University of Wyoming to assess current conditions and evaluate current impacts from oil and gas drilling on county roads in four southeastern Wyoming counties, Converse, Goshen, Laramie and Platte.
This assessment includes: evaluating the current conditions of the four counties' paved and unpaved roads and cattleguards; measuring the roads' current traffic; predicting the roads' drilling traffic based on their proximity to oil and gas wells; compiling and assessing the counties' maintenance records; assessing the adequacy of the counties' road and bridge departments' resources; evaluating oversize and overweight vehicle permitting processes; and compiling safety and bridge data. In addition, the four counties were asked to identify those roads they believed were currently being or might soon be impacted by oil and gas-related traffic.
Based on the compiled information, improvements to the four counties' paved and unpaved roads are recommended. The counties' maintenance practices are assessed, as is their ability to maintain their roads in the event that they are impacted by substantial increases in oil and gas-related traffic.
Recommendations are made for future monitoring and management efforts on Wyoming's county roads. Procedures for assessing bridges are recommended for both those over 20 feet long currently monitored by WYDOT and for those under 20 feet long. Two options for monitoring paved roads are proposed, one of which involves continuous monitoring of county roads in southeastern Wyoming, while the other involves monitoring paved county roads throughout the entire state on a rotating basis. Finally, it is recommended that unpaved roads' maintenance tasks and costs are monitored and recorded similarly throughout the state. Each of these recommendations is proposed to both assess oil and gas drilling impacts on county roads and to allow them to be maintained and managed as efficiently as practical.
Key Words Wyoming, oil, gas, drilling, county, roads, permits, resources, safety, impacts.
Security Classif. (of this report) Unclassified
Security Classif. (of this page) Unclassified
Distribution Statement
Unlimited
No. of Pages 210
Price
Form DOT F 1700.7 (8-72) Reproduction of form and completed page is authorized.
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SI* (Modern Metric) Conversion Factors
Approximate Conversions from SI Units
Symbol When You Know Multiply By
To Find
Symbol
Length mm m m km
millimeters meters meters
kilometers
0.039 3.28 1.09 0.621
inches
in
feet
ft
yards
yd
miles
mi
Area mm2 m2 m2 ha km2
square millimeters square meters square meters hectares
square kilometers
0.0016 10.764 1.195
2.47 0.386
square inches
in2
square feet
ft2
square yards
yd2
acres
ac
square miles
mi2
Volume ml l m3 m3
milliliters liters
cubic meters cubic meters
0.034 0.264 35.71 1.307
fluid ounces
fl oz
gallons
gal
cubic feet
ft3
cubic yards
yd3
Approximate Conversions to SI Units
Symbol When You Know Multiply By
To Find
Symbol
Length in ft yd mi
inches feet yards miles
25.4 0.305 0.914 1.61
millimeters
mm
meters
m
meters
m
kilometers
km
Area in2 ft2 yd2 ac mi2
square inches square feet square yards acres square miles
645.2 0.093 0.836 0.405 2.59
square millimeters mm2
square meters
m2
square meters
m2
hectares
ha
square kilometers km2
Volume fl oz gal ft3 yd3
fluid ounces gallons
cubic feet cubic yards
29.57 3.785 0.028 0.765
milliliters
ml
liters
l
cubic meters
m3
cubic meters
m3
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Mass g kg Mg
grams kilograms megagrams
0.035 2.202 1.103
ounces
oz
pounds
lb
short tons (2000 lbs) T
Temperature (exact)
C
Centigrade
1.8 C + 32
Fahrenheit
F
temperature
temperature
Illumination
lx
lux
0.0929
foot-candles
fc
cd/m2
candela/m2
0.2919
foot-Lamberts
fl
Force and Pressure or Stress
N
newtons
kPa
kilopascals
0.225 0.145
poundforce
lbf
pound-force per square psi
inch
Mass oz lb T
ounces pounds short tons (2000 lbs)
28.35 0.454 0.907
grams
g
kilograms
kg
megagrams
Mg
Temperature (exact)
F
Fahrenheit
5(F-32)/9
Celsius
C
temperature
or (F-32)/1.8 temperature
Illumination
fc
foot-candles
fl
foot-Lamberts
10.76 3.426
lux candela/m2
lx cd/m2
Force and Pressure or Stress
lbf
pound-force
psi pound-force per square
inch
4.45 6.89
newtons
N
kilopascals
kPa
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Table of Contents
1. Introduction............................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 Objectives......................................................................................................................... 2 1.2 Background ...................................................................................................................... 2 1.2.1 Contributions to the Wyoming State Economy ........................................................ 2 1.2.2 Oil and Gas Impacts: Texas Paved Roads in the Early 1980's................................ 2 1.2.3 Oil and Gas Impacts: Wyoming Unpaved Roads in the Mid-2000's ...................... 3 1.2.4 Oil and Gas Impacts: North Dakota in the Late 2000's........................................... 3 1.3 Study Justifications .......................................................................................................... 6 1.4 Project Organization......................................................................................................... 8 1.4.1 Previous Study: Phase I ........................................................................................... 8 1.4.2 This Study: Phase II ................................................................................................. 8 1.4.3 Future Study: Phase III ............................................................................................ 8 1.5 Report Organization ......................................................................................................... 8
2. Methodology ......................................................................................................................... 10 2.1 Planning.......................................................................................................................... 10 2.2 Data Collection, Management and Storage.................................................................... 10 2.2.1 Preliminary Oil and Gas Impacts Inventory ........................................................... 10 2.2.2 Features, Data Collection, Data Storage and GIS Map Layers............................... 12 2.2.3 Field Data Collection .............................................................................................. 13 2.2.4 Other Data Collection ............................................................................................. 15 2.2.5 Maintenance Records.............................................................................................. 16 2.3 Data Analysis ................................................................................................................. 16 2.3.1 Traffic Counts ......................................................................................................... 16 2.3.2 Oil and Gas Trip Generation................................................................................... 16 2.3.3 Paved Roads............................................................................................................ 16 2.3.4 Unpaved Roads ....................................................................................................... 16 2.3.5 Oil and Gas Impact Prioritization ........................................................................... 17 2.3.6 Cattle Guards .......................................................................................................... 17
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2.4 Report Preparation.......................................................................................................... 17 3. Traffic Counts ....................................................................................................................... 18
3.1 Background .................................................................................................................... 18 3.2 Methodology .................................................................................................................. 19
3.2.1 Road Selection ........................................................................................................ 19 3.3 Data Analysis ................................................................................................................. 19
3.3.1 General Analysis ..................................................................................................... 19 3.4 Summary ........................................................................................................................ 22 4. Oil and Gas Trip Generation................................................................................................. 24 4.1 Oil Wells and Permits .................................................................................................... 24 4.2 Temporary Water Haul Sites.......................................................................................... 30 4.3 Oil and Gas Activity Summary ...................................................................................... 30 5. Paved Roads.......................................................................................................................... 31 5.1 Background .................................................................................................................... 31
5.1.1 AASHTO Design Method....................................................................................... 31 5.2 Paved Road Data Collection .......................................................................................... 33
5.2.1 County Meetings ..................................................................................................... 34 5.2.2 Road Condition Data............................................................................................... 36 5.2.3 Data Reduction........................................................................................................ 37 5.2.4 Missing Data ........................................................................................................... 38 5.2.5 Maintenance Records.............................................................................................. 38 5.3 Data Analysis ................................................................................................................. 38 5.3.1 PSI ? Pavement Condition ...................................................................................... 38 5.3.2 State and County Road Comparison ....................................................................... 42 5.3.3 Potential Impact of Oil and Gas Activities ............................................................. 44 5.4 Improvement Recommendations.................................................................................... 48 5.4.1 Improvement Criteria and Inputs ............................................................................ 49 5.4.2 Paved Road Rehabilitation Decision Process ......................................................... 54 5.4.3 Design Specifications.............................................................................................. 68 5.5 Summary ........................................................................................................................ 69 5.6 Recommendations .......................................................................................................... 70
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6. Unpaved Roads ..................................................................................................................... 72 6.1 Background .................................................................................................................... 72 6.1.1 PASER Gravel Manual ........................................................................................... 72 6.1.2 RQRG ? Ride Quality Rating Guide ...................................................................... 73 6.1.3 GRRS ? Gravel Roads Rating Standards................................................................ 73 6.2 Methodology .................................................................................................................. 74 6.2.1 Segmentation........................................................................................................... 74 6.2.2 Surface Condition Evaluation and Top Width Measurement ................................. 75 6.2.3 Maintenance Records.............................................................................................. 76 6.2.4 Prioritization ........................................................................................................... 77 6.3 Top Widths, Surface and Drainage Conditions.............................................................. 77 6.3.1 Top Widths.............................................................................................................. 79 6.3.2 Surface and Drainage Conditions ........................................................................... 80 6.3.3 Surfacing Material Evaluations............................................................................... 87 6.4 Maintenance Records ..................................................................................................... 93 6.4.1 Converse County Maintenance Records ................................................................. 93 6.4.2 Goshen County Maintenance Records.................................................................... 96 6.4.3 Laramie County Maintenance Costs ....................................................................... 98 6.4.4 Platte County Maintenance Records ....................................................................... 99 6.5 Prioritization................................................................................................................. 100 6.5.1 Converse County Prioritization............................................................................. 104 6.5.2 Goshen County Prioritization ............................................................................... 104 6.5.3 Laramie County Prioritization .............................................................................. 105 6.5.4 Platte County Prioritization................................................................................... 105 6.6 Unpaved Road Maintenance and Improvement Recommendations ............................ 107 6.6.1 Service Level Standards and Selection ................................................................. 107 6.6.2 Maintenance Selection and Decision Process ....................................................... 108 6.6.3 Maintenance Cost Estimates ................................................................................. 109 6.6.4 Recommended Unpaved Road Improvement Treatments .................................... 113 6.6.5 Improvement Costs and Prioritization Summary.................................................. 118 6.7 Summary ...................................................................................................................... 121
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