Chapter 1 Chemical Foundations 1.8 Density
[Pages:21]Chapter 1 Chemical Foundations 1.8
Density
Copyright ? 2005 by Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Benjamin Cummings
1
Density
Density
? Compares the mass of an object to its volume. ? Is the mass of a substance divided by its
volume.
Density expression Density = mass = g or g = g/cm3
volume mL cm3 Note: 1 mL = 1 cm3
2
Densities of Common Substances
3
Learning Check
Osmium is a very dense metal. What is its density in g/cm3 if 50.0 g of osmium has a volume of 2.22 cm3?
1) 2.25 g/cm3 2) 22.5 g/cm3 3) 111 g/cm3
4
Solution
Given: mass = 50.0 g volume = 22.2 cm3 Plan: Place the mass and volume of the osmium metal
in the density expression.
D = mass volume
calculator final answer (2)
= 50.0 g 2.22 cm3
= 22.522522 g/cm3 = 22.5 g/cm3
5
Volume by Displacement
? A solid completely
submerged in water displaces its own volume of water.
? The volume of the
solid is calculated from the volume difference.
45.0 mL - 35.5 mL
= 9.5 mL = 9.5 cm3
Copyright ? 2005 by Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Benjamin Cummings
6
Density Using Volume Displacement
The density of the zinc object is then calculated from its mass and volume.
mass = 68.60 g = 7.2 g/cm3 volume 9.5 cm3
Copyright ? 2005 by Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Benjamin Cummings
7
Learning Check
What is the density (g/cm3) of 48.0 g of a metal if the level of water in a graduated cylinder rises from 25.0 mL to 33.0 mL after the metal is added?
1) 0.17 g/cm3
2) 6.0 g/cm3
3) 380 g/cm3
25.0 mL
33.0 mL object
8
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