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-257175-228599Cellular Respiration reading packet00Cellular Respiration reading packetName:_____________________________________________301942577470Instructions:1. Use text tags to annotate any reading passage your find in the packet. 2. Answer the questions at the end 3. Ask two questions of your own. 00Instructions:1. Use text tags to annotate any reading passage your find in the packet. 2. Answer the questions at the end 3. Ask two questions of your own. -25717558420Use text tags to annotate this packet throughout: !=important?= I have a question about this passage*=this relates to something else I know00Use text tags to annotate this packet throughout: !=important?= I have a question about this passage*=this relates to something else I knowWhat is Cellular Respiration?How does the food you eat provide?energy? When you need a quick boost of energy, you might reach for an apple or a candy bar. But?cells?do not "eat" apples or candy bars; these foods need to be broken down so that cells can use them. Through the process of?cellular respiration, the energy?in food is changed into energy that can be used by the body's?cells. Initially, the sugars in the food you eat are digested into the simple sugar?glucose, a?monosaccharide. Recall that glucose is the sugar produced by the plant during?photosynthesis. The glucose, or the?polysaccharide?made from many glucose molecules, such as?starch, is then passed to the organism that eats the plant. This organism could be you, or it could be the organism that you eat. Either way, it is the glucose molecules that holds the energy.ATPSpecifically, during cellular respiration, the energy stored in glucose is transferred to ATP (Figure below).?ATP, or adenosine triphosphate, is chemical energy the cell can use. It is the molecule that provides energy for your?cells?to perform work, such as moving your muscles as you walk down the street. But cellular respiration is slightly more complicated than just converting the energy from glucose into ATP. Cellular respiration can be described as the reverse or opposite of?photosynthesis. During cellular respiration, glucose, in the presence of oxygen, is converted into carbon dioxide and?water. Recall that carbon dioxide and water are the starting products of photosynthesis. -5715045021500The process can be summarized as: glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide +?water. During this process, the energy stored in glucose is transferred to ATP.Energy is stored in the bonds between the phosphate groups (PO4-) of the ATP molecule. When ATP is broken down into ADP (adenosine diphosphate) and inorganic phosphate, energy is released. When ADP and inorganic phosphate are joined to form ATP, energy is stored. During cellular respiration, about 36 to 38 ATP molecules are produced for every glucose molecule.Cellular Respiration: Electron TransportElectron transport is the final stage of aerobic respiration. In this stage, energy from NADH and FADH2 (Chemical structures found in the mitochondria) is transferred to ATP. Transporting ElectronsHigh-energy electrons are released from NADH and FADH2, and they move along electron transportchains, like those used in photosynthesis. The electron transport chains are on the inner membrane ofthe mitochondrion. As the high-energy electrons are transported along the chains, some of their energyis captured. This energy is used to pump hydrogen ions (from NADH and FADH2) across the innermembrane, from the matrix into the intermembrane space.Making ATPThe pumping of hydrogen ions across the inner membrane creates a greater concentration of the ions in theintermembrane space than in the matrix. This causes the ions to flow back across the membrane into the matrix, where the concentration is lower. ATP synthase acts as a channel protein, helping the hydrogen ions cross the membrane. It also acts as an enzyme, forming ATP from ADP. After passing through the electron-transport chain, the “spent” electrons combinewith oxygen to form water. This is why oxygen is needed; in the absence of oxygen, this process cannotoccur.How Much ATP?You have seen how the three stages of aerobic respiration use the energy in glucose to make ATP. Howmuch ATP is produced in all three stages? Glycolysis produces 2 ATP moleculesThe Krebs cycle produces 2 more. Electron transport begins with several molecules of NADH and FADH2 and transfers their energy into as many as 34 more ATP molecules. All told, then, up to 38 molecules of ATP can be produced from just one molecule of glucose in the process of aerobic respiration.1752600-183324500Questions: Please answer the following questions using at least 1 complete sentence. The following two equations give a simplified overview of the complex process of cellular respiration of glucose (C6 H12O6). C6 H12O6 + 6 O2 ----> ----> ----> 6 CO2 + 6 H2O ----> ADP + Pi ----> ATP What gas is needed for cellular respiration to take place?What gas is produced by cellular respiration?How does your body take in o2, how does it get to the cells??Where in your body is CO2 produced?5. What is the role of the electron transport chain in cellular respiration?6. What is the role of oxygen in cellular respiration?Explain how photosynthesis and cellular respiration are linked On the lines below respond please write a paragraph that links the processes of photosynthesis and cellular respiration. Please include the following in your 6-8 sentence paragraphProducts and reactants of eachOrganelles involved in eachPurpose of each process (who uses it and why?)Two questions that you still have about cellular respiration__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ................
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