ENERGY VOCABULARY REVIEW



ENERGY VOCABULARY

1. Energy is the ability to do work or cause change.

2. Kinetic Energy is the energy an object has because of its motion.

3. Potential Energy is stored energy or the energy of position.

4. Chemical Energy is the energy stored in the chemical bonds of atoms and molecules. Biomass and fossil fuels contain chemical energy.

5. Thermal Energy is the total potential and kinetic energy associated with the random motions of the atoms and molecules of a material. This energy increases as temperature increases.

6. Radiant Energy is electromagnetic energy that travels in waves. This type of energy includes visible light, x-rays, gamma rays, and radio waves. Solar energy is an example of this.

7. Nuclear Energy is the energy stored in the nucleus of an atom that is released by joining (fusion) or splitting (fission) the atom.

8. Electrical Energy is the movement of electrons. It is the energy carried by the electric current that comes out of batteries and electrical outlets.

9. Motion Energy is the movement of objects and substances from one place to another. Wind and hydropower are examples of this type of energy.

10.Sound Energy is the type of energy produced when a force causes an object or substance to vibrate. The energy is transferred through the substance in a longitudinal wave.

11. Stored Mechanical Energy is energy stored in objects by the application of a force. Compressed springs and stretched rubber bands are examples of this type of energy.

12. Gravitational Energy is the energy of position or place. The higher up something is, the more of this type of energy there is.

13. Alternative Resources are resources that are renewable and cause less harm to the environment. Examples of these resources are solar energy, wind energy, and geothermal energy.

14. Inexhaustible resources can’t be used up by humans. The sun is an example.

15. Nonrenewable resources are used up much faster than they can be replaced. Fossil fuels and uranium are nonrenewable resources.

16. Renewable resources are energy sources that are replaced continually. These include hydropower, solar, wind, geothermal, and biomass.

17. Photovoltaic cell- a device that transforms radiant energy directly into electrical energy. (Also known as a solar cell.)

18. Generator - a device that transforms kinetic energy (mechanical energy) into electrical energy.

19. Turbine - a device with blades, which is turned by a force like wind, water, or steam. The mechanical energy of the spinning turbine is converted into electricity by a generator.

20. Law of Conservation of Energy states that energy is never created or destroyed. Energy changes form, but the total amount of energy in the universe stays the same.

21. Biomass – any organic matter (anything that was once alive) that can be used as an energy source.

22.Photosynthesis – Plants convert radiant energy from the sun into chemical energy in the form of glucose (sugar).

23.Temperature – the average kinetic energy of the individual particles of a substance.

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