PCC Guidelines for Minimally Punctuated MARC



PCC Guidelines for Minimally Punctuated MARC Bibliographic RecordsPrepared by PCC Standing Committee on ApplicationsApproved by PCC Policy Committee,Sept. 2019Policy effective January 20200. Introduction0.1. BackgroundIn the past, catalogers recorded bibliographic data as blocks of text and used punctuation to demarcate and provide context for the various data elements. This made data understandable to users when it was presented on cards and in online catalogs. In the environment in which we are now operating, punctuation added to data elements often hinders or at least makes more complex the types of tasks we’re asking the data to perform.We are moving toward a practice in which no extraneous punctuation is added to bibliographic data elements. PCC has identified several advantages to this approach, such as: it will reduce the entry of redundant data and the potential for errors that comes along with it; it will make the bibliographic data produced by the PCC less unusual in the networked environment in which it often now resides; and it will simplify training of new metadata practitioners. To this end, a code was added in 2010 to the Leader/18 byte (descriptive cataloging form), to identify records constructed according to ISBD conventions, but from which most of the punctuation called for by ISBD has been omitted. This document outlines options for minimally punctuated records, for cataloging agencies that have decided to follow PCC policies regarding records with minimal punctuation. This policy allows for the following implementation scenarios:new or newly authenticated PCC MARC records that omit final punctuation (Leader/18 value set to "i")new or newly authenticated PCC MARC records that omit final and medial punctuation, when the descriptive cataloging form is recorded as "ISBD punctuation omitted" (Leader/18 value set to "c")Policies supported by these guidelines will go into effect January 2020. After that point PCC participants have the option to authenticate minimally punctuated MARC bibliographic records. They will also have the option to continue to contribute records with full ISBD punctuation.It is hoped that these guidelines will also inform practice beyond the use case for which they have been drafted, such as the creation of minimally punctuated data in non-MARC environments, and the development of retrospective projects to convert existing records to minimally punctuated MARC.0.2. Scope of these guidelinesMinimal punctuation practices as outlined in this document, and allowed under PCC policy, applies to the data appearing in MARC ranges 2xx (except 240 and 243), 3xx, 4xx, 5xx, and 76x-78x. Also covered is a limited set of punctuation marks that appear in MARC fields for ranges 1xx, 240, 6xx, 7xx, and 8xx, specifically: punctuation that appears at the end of access points (final punctuation) and punctuation that separates access points from relationship designators. Punctuation in authorities data, in both authorities records themselves as well as internal punctuation within access point fields in bibliographic records, should be left as is. As a general rule: if a punctuation mark appears in the 1xx of an authority record, that punctuation should also appear in the bibliographic record in which it appears as an access point.PCC policy allows for minimally punctuated records coded according to RDA. Non-PCC records created under prior cataloging codes must be converted to RDA if they are to be authenticated as minimally punctuated PCC records.0.2.1 Types of punctuation in the MARC recordThere are several types of punctuation operating simultaneously within the MARC record. PCC guidelines for minimal punctuation do not apply to all types. Types of punctuation in MARC recordsTypeAppearanceTreatment (details below)FinalEnd of fieldsOmit in RDA records (Leader/18:i or c)Medial (ISBD)Between subfieldsOmit if descriptive cataloging form set to "ISBD punctuation omitted" (Leader/18:c)IntegralWithin fields, at the ends of subfieldsAlways retain punctuation that is integral to the text being recorded, such as periods at the ends of abbreviations and initialsAccess pointsWithin and between subfields in access points (1xx, 6xx, 7xx, 8xx)Always retain punctuation that is integral to the access point. Remove final non-integral punctuation, as well as punctuation that separates an access point from a relationship designatorInternalWithin subfieldsAlways retainSummary: Only punctuation appearing in final or medial positions in RDA records encoded in MARC should be omitted. Punctuation that is part of an access point proper is outside of the scope of these guidelines; only final punctuation or punctuation separating an access point from a relationship designator should be omitted. Internal punctuation--that is, punctuation that appears within a subfield and has no corresponding MARC subfield tag, should be retained. Omission or relocation of punctuation in MARC recordsThe term "omit" is used here to refer to practices that exclude or remove punctuation from MARC records. How this omission occurs depends on the state of the record at the point it is being entered into the PCC database (i.e., upon authentication). A newly created record may be entered directly into the database without punctuation; authentication of an existing record may require the removal of existing punctuation from the existing MARC record.Current PCC policy regarding the omission of punctuation allows for the omission of final punctuation in RDA records (Leader/18 byte "i"). It allows for omission of final and medial punctuation in records whose Leader/18 byte has been recorded as "c" (ISBD punctuation omitted). Records that omit final and medial punctuation according to the guidelines below are considered to be "minimally punctuated." The choice of minimal or full punctuation is made at the point of authentication and should not be revisited. Under current PCC policies, catalogers should not convert an existing, authenticated PCC record from fully punctuated (Leader/18 set to "i" or "a") to minimal punctuation (Leader/18 set to "c"), or from minimally to fully punctuated.1.1 Final punctuationFinal punctuation appears at the end of many fields in the MARC record. Its purpose is to organize and signal the sequence of descriptive areas, as prescribed by ISBD. Omit non-integral final punctuation from all fields (descriptive or access points)Leader/18:i24510$a What puppies do best / $c by Laura Numeroff ; illustrated by Lynn MunsingerLeader/18:i24510$a Friendship and empire : $b Roman diplomacy and imperialism in the middle republic (353-146 BC) / $c Paul J. Burton250##$a Revised and updatedLeader/18:i250##$a 3rd edition / $b revised by Laura Kingdon and Chris BackeLeader/18:c264#1$a Berlin $b E.H. Schroeder $c 1858Leader/18:c300##$a 464 pages $b illustrations $c 22 cm504##$a Includes bibliographical references and index500##$a "Sponsored by the American Association of Law Libraries"60010$a Tolkien, J. R. R. $q (John Ronald Ruel), $d 1892-1973 $x Criticism and interpretation $v Congresses650#0$a Banks and banking $x Insurance business $v Periodicals655#7$a Comics (Graphic works) $2 lcgft $0 $a Cachola Schmal, Peter, $d 1960- $e editorLeader/18:i830#0$a BASEES/Routledge series on Russian and East European studies ; $v 571.2 Medial (ISBD) punctuationPunctuation that appears at the end of a subfield, and often signals what appears in the next subfield is called "medial punctuation." This is generally what is referred to by the term "ISBD punctuation," although there are cases (see below) where medial punctuation appears in PCC MARC records but not ISBD. 1.2.1 Omit medial punctuation from descriptive fields in PCC records whose descriptive cataloging form is recorded as "ISBD punctuation omitted" (i.e. Leader/18 is set to "c"). 24510$a War $b contemporary perspectives on armed conflicts around the world $c Cameron D. Lippard, Pavel Osinsky, & Lon Strauss264#1$a Shanghai $b Shanghai gu ji chu ban she $c 2018300##$a ix, 237 pages $b illustrations $c 24 cm1.2.2 Omit punctuation in access point fields that separates an access point from a relationship designator in 1xx and 7xx fields.1001#$a Eaton, Susan E. $e author7102#$a Library of Congress. $b Science, Technology, and Business Division. $b Science Reference Services $e issuing body1.2.3 Omit non-integral punctuation that separates relationship information from access points in linking entry fields (MARC fields 760-787). 77608$i Online version $t Humanitarianism and mass migration $d Oakland, California : University of California Press, [2019] $z 978052096962977608$i Print version $a Badie, Sameh S. $t Simplified full-depth precast concrete deck panel systems $d Washington, D.C. : Transportation Research Board, 20181.2.4 Omit ISBD punctuation that separates series titles from series numbering in 4xx and 8xx fields. Omit punctuation separating Materials specified from other subfields. (Note: retain the dash separating digits in the ISSN.)4901#$a Publications in Indiana medical history $x 0743-6017 $v volume 3830#0$a Translational epigenetics series $v v. 31.2.5 Omit punctuation separating Materials specified ($3) from other subfields. Retain punctuation that indicates uncertain or open date ranges.26431$3 -Jan. 2012 $a Coulsdon, Surrey $b IHS Global Ltd.4901#$3 <1981-> $a Reference works1.2.6 Relocate ISBD mark of parallel language information. In cases where the MARC format encodes bibliographically significant information in parallel scripts or languages across multiple subfields, ISBD prescribes the use of the equals signs ("[s]=[s]") to separate a title in one language from the same title in another language. Because, in these cases, the only distinguishing mark between the "subtitles" and "parallel titles" is the choice of ISBD punctuation, in a minimally punctuated environment, the mark of parallelism should be recorded, not at the end of the subfield containing the first half of the parallelism, but at the beginning of the subfield containing the second half of the pare:Leader/18:i24510$a Histoire de La Digue = $b History of La Digue / $c Julien DunrupLeader/18:c24510$a Histoire de La Digue $b = History of La Digue $c Julien DunrupCompare:Leader/18:i24500$a Japan report = $b Nihon24631$a NihonLeader/18:c24500$a Japan report $b = Nihon24631$a Nihon1.2.7 Relocate ISBD punctuation relating to combined works. When multiple works by the same author, or by multiple authors, are described as a single bibliographic item, intervening punctuation is used to distinguish among separate works. As with parallel title information (above), the mark of combination ("[s];[s]") should be recorded at the beginning of the subfield it pare:Leader/18:i24500$a Devo, the brand ; $b Devo unmaskedLeader/18:c24500$a Devo, the brand $b ; Devo unmasked1.2.8 Relocate ISBD punctuation relating to accompanying material. When noting the presence of accompanying materials in a physical description (MARC field 300) the plus sign ([s]+[s]) should be recorded at the beginning of the subfield it modifies (subfield e). Note however, if the option to provide the physical characteristics of accompanying material in parentheses is followed, the ISBD punctuation appears within a subfield and should be retained (see below, "Internal punctuation.")Compare:Leader/18:i300##$a 271 pages : $b illustrations ; $c 21 cm + $e 1 atlas (37 pages, 19 leaves : color maps ; 37 cm)Leader/18:c300##$a 271 pages $b illustrations $c 21 cm $e + 1 atlas (37 pages, 19 leaves : color maps ; 37 cm)1.2.9 Omit medial punctuation that separates Titles, Numbers of part/section of a work, and Names of part/section of a work (245 subfields n, p; 246 subfields n, p; 740 subfields n, p.) In these three title fields, omit ISBD punctuation intended to separate Title proper from other parts of the pare:Leader/18:i24510$a Proceedings of the National Science Council, Republic of China. $n Part A, $p Physical science and engineering24615$a Yan jiu hui kan. $p Zi ran ke xue yu gong chengLeader/18:c24510$a Proceedings of the National Science Council, Republic of China $n Part A $p Physical science and engineering24615$a Yan jiu hui kan $p Zi ran ke xue yu gong cheng2. Retention of punctuation in MARC recordsThe term "retain" here refers to punctuation that should not be omitted or removed from MARC records under current PCC policies.2.1 Integral punctuationRetain punctuation that is integral to the data, whether it appears in final or medial position. If there is doubt whether a punctuation mark is integral, retain it.7102#$a 3D Promotions Inc. $e issuing body24512$a A hundred-year wind $b reflective poems $c Richard J. Ackerman, Jr.250##$a 4th ed.300##$a 5 audio discs (approximately 6 hr.) $b digital $c 4 3/4 in.2.2 Access pointsRetain punctuation that appears within access point fields, with the exceptions noted above (i.e. non-integral final punctuation, and punctuation that separates the access point proper from the relationship information.) The text string in the access point, including its punctuation, should match the text string in the corresponding authority record.1001#$a Walker, Francis Amasa, $d 1840-18977112#$a Conference on Thrombolytic Activity and Related Phenomena $d (1960 : $c Princeton, N.J.)Also retain punctuation separating authors and titles in author-title access points. 70012$i Container of (work) $a Lo, Malinda. $t Meet cute2.3 Internal punctuationInternal punctuation (ISBD or otherwise), which appears within a subfield, should always be retained. For clarity's sake, a few cases where catalogers might be tempted to omit existing ISBD punctuation, but should retain it, are provided below. 2.3.1 Retain punctuation used to differentiate one statement of responsibility from another.24510$a Ausgew?hlte Schriften zu Music $c Franz Joseph Fr?hlich ; herausgegeben von Ulrich Konrad ; mit einer biographischen Abhandlung und einem Dokumentenanhang von Dieter Kirsch2.3.2 Retain the equals sign ("[s]=[s]") used as a mark of parallel language information, when it appears within a subfield.24514$a Les Ballets jazz de Montre?al $b au gre? des rencontres depuis 40 ans = encounters in motion 40 years on2.3.3 Retain punctuation in 245 subfield b (remainder of title) when used to indicate multiple works in a single resource. 24510$a Symphony no. 94 in G major $b Surprise ; Symphony no. 103 in E-flat major : Drum roll $c Joseph Haydn2.3.4 Retain punctuation in 505 subfield a ("unenhanced" structured table of contents information.)5050#$a Introduction : finding religion in unexpected places / Bruce David Forbes -- The origin(s) of Superman : reimagining religion in the Man of Steel / Dan W. Clanton, Jr. -- The Oriental monk in American popular culture / Jane Naomi Iwamura -- Adventure time and sacred history : myth and reality in children's animated cartoons / Elijah Siegler -- Monstrous Muslims : historical anxieties and future trends / Sophia R. Arjana -- The weight of the world : religion and heavy metal music in four cases / Jason C. Bivins -- Christmas is like a snowball / Bruce David Forbes -- Mipsterz : hip, American, and Muslim / Kristin M. Peterson, Nabil Echchaibi -- Megachurches, celebrity pastors, and the evangelical industrial complex / Jessica Johnson -- People of the picture book : PJ Library and American Jewish religion / Rachel B. Gross -- Meditation-on-the-go : Buddhist smartphone apps as video game play / Gregory Price GrieveIf the contents note is "enhanced" (second indicator set to zero), and subfields r and g are used, omit punctuation that appears between titles and statements of responsibility, and punctuation that separates one contents entry from another. Note, however, that 505 subfield g ("miscellaneous information") is not specifically mapped to any one field, and so its punctuation should be retained.50500Introduction $r John Goodridge and Bridget Keegan $g 1. $t When 'Bread depends on her character' : the problem of laboring-class subjectivity in the foundling hospital archive $r Jennie Batchelor $g 2. $t 'Stirr'd up by emulation of the famous Mr Duck' : laboring-class poetry in the 1730s $r Jennifer Batt $g 3. $t The verse epistle and laboring-class literary sociability from Duck to Burns $r William J. Christmas $g 4. $t 'But genius is the special gift of God!' : the reclamation of 'natural genius' in the late eighteenth-century verses of Ann Yearsley and James Woodhouse $r Steve Van-Hagen $g 5. $t Alexander Wilson : the rise and fall and rise of a laboring-class writer $r Gerard Carruthers $g 6. $t Neither mute nor inglorious : Ann Yearsley and Elegy $r Kerri Andrews $g 7. $t 'British Bards' : the concept of laboring-class poetry in eighteenth-century Wales $r Mary-Ann Constantine $g 8. $t 'Behold in these coromantees/the fate of an agonized world' : Edward Rushton's transnational radicalism $r Franca Dellarosa $g 9. $t Transnational Ulster and laboring-class self-fashioning $r Jennifer Orr $g 10. $t Working-class poetry and the Royal Literary Fund : two case studies in patronage $r Scott McEathron2.3.5 Retain punctuation that appears within subfields in linking entry fields.77608$i Online version $t Humanitarianism and mass migration $d Oakland, California : University of California Press, [2019] $z 9780520969629 $w (DLC) 2018038138 ................
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