Biology 100



Biology 100 Study Guide Unit 2

I. VOCABULARY

□ Molecule, Protein, Ion, Functional group

□ Recycling Transporter, Enzyme, metabolite

□ Delivery (parenteral vs. oral), Metabolism, Elimination

□ Cytochrome P450, CYP3A4, Fat soluble, Half-life

□ Effective dose, lethal dose, therapeutic index

□ Placebo, double blind study

□ Additivity, synergism, antagonism, and incompatibility

II. Pharmacology

A. Why do we care about the methyl group? Can you give an example with a pair of drugs that differ by just the methyl group?

B. HOW are drugs metabolized? What’s the role of the genes you inherited from your parents in this?

C. Can you name three aspects of drug use that influence half-life?

D. Why is smoking cocaine more addictive than snorting it? (What is the role administration plays?)

E. Drug combinations can act negatively (less effect) or positively (more effect) compared to individual drugs. What are two types of positive interaction? What are two types of negative interaction? Understand additivity, synergism, antagonism, and incompatibility.

F. What influences the amount of hydrogen peroxide that can be broken down (enzyme lab)?

G. What do studies examining the effectiveness of anti depressants show and how is the efficacy influenced by the severity of depression?

H. Be aware of what testing a drug must go through to get to market.

I. Be able to calculate TI and what it means.

J. What does ‘fat’ have to do with drug half-life?

K. How can a drug metabolite have the same chemical formula as the original drug?

L. Review neurotransmitters, the synapse and the pre- and post- synaptic cell in relation to drug activity.

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