Giant clams
[pic]
Size limits
and other coastal fisheries regulations
used in the Pacific Islands region
prepared by
the Coastal Fisheries Management and Fisheries Information Sections
of the Secretariat of the Pacific Community
with financial assistance from the Commonwealth Secretariat
and the governments of Australia, France and New Zealand
[pic]
© Copyright Secretariat of the Pacific Community, 2005
All rights for commercial / for profit reproduction or translation, in any form, reserved. SPC authorises the partial reproduction or translation of this material for scientific, educational or research purposes, provided that SPC and the source document are properly acknowledged. Permission to reproduce the document and/or translate in whole, in any form, whether for commercial / for profit or non-profit purposes, must be requested in writing. Original SPC artwork may not be altered or separately published without permission.
Contents
Acknowledgements 4
About this booklet 4
Foreword 5
Size limits and other fisheries regulations:
Bivalves Clams 6
Oysters 6
Gastropods Trochus 7
Turban shells 7
Triton shells 8
Crustaceans Spiny lobsters 8
Slipper lobsters 9
Mantis shrimps 10
Coconut crab 10
Mangrove crab 10
Other crabs 11
Holothurians Sea cucumbers (beche-de-mer) 11
Sea turtles 12
Bony fish Acanthuridae (surgeonfish, tangs, unicornfish) 13
Belonidae (needlefish) 13
Carangidae (jacks and pompanos) 13
Centropomidae (snooks) 14
Chanidae (milkfish) 14
Gerreidae (mojarras) 14
Kuhliidae (aholeholes) 14
Kyphosidae (sea chubs) 14
Labridae (wrasses) 14
Leiognathidae (slimys, slipmouths or ponyfish) 14
Lethrinidae (emperors or scavengers) 14
Lutjanidae (snappers) 15
Mugilidae (mullets) 15
Mullidae (goatfish) 15
Scaridae (parrotfish) 15
Scombridae (mackerels, tunas, bonitos) 15
Serranidae (groupers and fairy basslet) 15
Siganidae (rabbitfish) 16
Sphyraenidae (barracudas) 16
References 17
Acknowledgements
This booklet was prepared as one of SPC’s commitments under the Strategic plan for fisheries management and sustainable coastal fisheries in the Pacific Islands, which was developed by Pacific Island countries and endorsed by the third Heads of Fisheries Meeting in August 2003. The booklet assists PICs in achieving Goal 3 of the strategic plan, which calls for development of practical and enforceable fisheries regulations.
SPC wishes to acknowledge the contribution of Terry Keju, Chief Fisheries Policy Adviser for the Republic of the Marshall Islands who collected most of the information contained in the booklet during the course of his training attachment at SPC.
SPC is also grateful to the different Pacific Island fisheries departments, which have helped develop this concise compendium and have checked the final draft for accuracy.
Aymeric Desurmont, SPC Fisheries Information Specialist, supervised, designed and edited the booklet, which was produced through funding from the Commonwealth Secretariat with support from the governments of Australia, France and New Zealand.
About this booklet
This booklet is not a legal text. References to legal texts used in compiling this information are given on page 32. For more details, refer to the legislations (from which these examples were drawn) on the SPC Coastal Fisheries Programme website (spc.int/coastfish/countries/countries.htm), or on the Pacific Islands Legal Information Institute webpages (). This information is current at the date of printing (September 2005) and is subject to change because several Pacific Island countries, states or territories are in the process of revising their fisheries regulations.
When using the information within this booklet, be sure to note the following:
- Only species for which there were size limits in place were taken into account.
- Values given in the Size limits column correspond to “minimum size” unless otherwise specified.
- The text used in the Species and Size limits columns was directly reproduced from the official text (but measurements were converted to millimetres (mm) to facilitate comparisons).
- The text used in the Other regulations column is a summary and does not necessarily use the legal text wording.
- Entries in each group are presented in alphabetical order by country. In instances where one country regulates several species from the same group, the entries are then in alphabetical order by species.
Foreword
There is no single template for fisheries management that can be applied to all Pacific Islands. However, most of the species that are fished in the region are the same from island to island. Because of this shared biological heritage, there are certain fundamental principles that can be transferred from each island as "minimum terms and conditions" for maintaining viable coastal fisheries. Chief among these are biological and ecological protection measures that are simple to understand and therefore comparatively simple to enforce. Size limits in particular are methods that have been used in Pacific Island fisheries regulations for many decades, and which have traditional expressions as well. There is a certain intuitive understanding that it is probably better to not catch fish, or invertebrates, until they are old enough to reproduce. However, it is less obvious what the age is of first reproduction for most of these creatures, particularly when this age may vary according to habitat and climate.
This booklet is a vehicle for sharing knowledge between the islands of the Pacific Community about the basic fishery management measures that have been used in different places for regulating particularly important or potentially vulnerable species. Regulations should not be transferred verbatim from one area to another unless their situations are known to be similar. This booklet is not intended to promote any particular management measure or approach, but indicates the range of measures that have been used. It also presents the legal and fishery management precedents that have been set in various countries. This information will be useful to Pacific Island governments that are developing or revising fisheries regulations.
Tim Adams
Director, SPC Marine Resources Division
| Species |Size limits |Other regulations |Country / territory |
| |
|Invertebrates - Bivalves |
|Clams | | | |
|Giant clams |7 in (180 mm) across the longest part| |American Samoa |
|(Tridacnidae) |of shell | | |
|Tridacna maxima |120 mm across the longest part of | |French Polynesia |
|bénitier |shell | | |
|pahua | | | |
|Tridacnid clams (giant clams) |7 in (180 mm) across the shell |No commercial harvest is|Guam |
|Tridacna maxima, T. squamosa, T. | |allowed. Bag limit for | |
|derasa or any other Tridacna, and| |personal use (3 | |
|Hippopus hippopus | |pcs/person/day). | |
|hima | | | |
|Clams |180 mm min. across the shell |Bag limit (10 |Niue |
|gege | |clams/day/person) | |
|Tridacna maxima |160 mm across the shell | |Samoa |
|faisua | | | |
|Tridacna squamosa |200 mm across the shell | |Samoa |
|faisua | | | |
|Tridacna derasa |260 mm min. across the shell | |Tonga |
|tokanoa molemole | | | |
|Tridacna maxima |155 mm across the shell | |Tonga |
|kukukuku | | | |
|Tridacna squamosa |180 mm across the shell | |Tonga |
|matahele | | | |
|Oysters | | | |
|Pinctada margaritifera |6 in (152 mm) diameter along the |Closed season (1 |Federated States of Micronesia -|
|black-lip mother-of-pearl oyster |largest dimension across the outside |August–31 December) |Kosrae |
|shell |of the shell | | |
|Pinctada margaritifera |4 in (100 mm) diameter across the |Closed season (1 |Federated States of Micronesia -|
|black-lip mother-of-pearl oyster |nacre |August–31 December) |Pohnpei |
|shell | | | |
|Pinctada margaritifera |100 mm from the butt or hinge to the | |Fiji Islands |
|pearl oyster |opposite edge or lip | | |
|civa | | | |
|Pintada margaritifera |130 mm shell diameter across the |Limited season and |French Polynesia |
|huître perlière et nacrière |nacre, excluding the growth processes|limited areas as | |
| |(spines) |declared by local | |
| | |government | |
|Pinctada margaritifera |4 in (100 mm) diameter across the |Closed season (1 |Marshall Islands |
|black-lip-mother-of pearl oyster |nacre |August–31 December) | |
|shell | | | |
|Pinctada margaritifera |4 in (100 mm) of shell width |Closed season (1 |Palau |
|blacklip pearl oyster | |August–31 December) | |
|Chesiuch | | | |
|Pinctada margaritifera |130 mm from the hinge to the opposite| |Samoa |
|pearl oyster |edge as its longest point | | |
|tifa | | | |
|Pteria penguin |200 mm across the umbo-ventral length| |Tonga |
|winged pearl oyster | | | |
|tofe | | | |
|Invertebrates - Gastropods |
|Trochus |
|Trochus niloticus |80 mm min. and 110 mm max. across the|Limited season, limited |Cook Islands (Aitutaki) |
|trochus |shell |areas, individual | |
| | |quotas, license | |
| | |required, no export | |
| | |unless approved by | |
| | |Council. | |
|Trochus niloticus |3 in (76 mm) min. and 4 in (100 mm) |No harvest at anytime |Federated States of Micronesia -|
|trochus |max. across the shell |unless officially |Kosrae |
|tukasungai | |authorized. | |
|Trochus niloticus |3 in (76 mm) diameter at the base |Restrictions on season, |Federated States of Micronesia -|
|trochus | |areas and harvesting |Pohnpei |
| | |technique. | |
|Trochus niloticus |90 mm basal diameter | |Fiji Islands |
|trocas shell | | | |
|sici | | | |
|Trochus niloticus |80 mm min. and 110 mm max. longest |Limited season and |French Polynesia |
|troca |diameter |limited areas as | |
| | |declared by local | |
| | |government. | |
|Trochus niloticus |4 in (100 mm) across the shell |Bag limit (1000 |Guam |
|trochus | |pcs/person/year), | |
|aliling | |license required, | |
|(for commercial purposes) | |restricted fishing | |
| | |areas, max total | |
| | |harvest: 10,000 | |
| | |pcs/year. | |
|Trochus niloticus |3 in (76 mm) across the shell |Bag limit (50 |Guam |
|trochus | |pcs/person/day). Export | |
|aliling | |limited to 20 | |
|(for personal use) | |pcs/person. | |
|Trochus |3 in (76 mm) basal diameter |Regulations on season, |Marshall Islands |
| | |areas, harvesting | |
| | |technique, and export. | |
| | |Fishing license | |
| | |required. | |
|Trochus niloticus |90 mm longest diameter |Fishing license |New Caledonia |
|troca | |required. | |
|Trochus niloticus |3 in (76 mm) basal diameter |Limited season and |Palau |
|trochus | |limited fishing areas. | |
|semum | | | |
|Tectus sp. |65 mm across the base of the shell | |Samoa |
|aliao Samoa | | | |
|Trochus niloticus |75 mm across the base of the shell | |Samoa |
|trochus/top shell | | | |
|aliao lapoa | | | |
|Trochus |80 mm min. and 120 mm max. diameter |No export allowed. |Solomon Islands |
| |as measured across the base | | |
|Trochus |90 mm basal diameter |Export permit required. |Vanuatu |
|Trochus niloticus |90 mm min. and 120 mm max. longest |Export permit required. |Wallis & Futuna |
|troca |diameter | | |
|Turban shells |
|Turbo marmoratus |160 mm min. and 180 mm max. longest |Limited season and |French Polynesia |
|burgau |diameter |limited areas as | |
| | |declared by local | |
| | |government. | |
|Turbo sp. |30 mm across whorl opening | |Samoa |
|green snail | | | |
|alili | | | |
|Turbo marmoratus |150 mm in its longest dimension |Export permit required. |Vanuatu |
|green snail | | | |
|Triton shells |
|Charonia tritonis |200 mm in length when measured along | |Tonga |
|triton shell |the outside of the shell from one end| | |
|kele‘a |to the other | | |
|Charonia tritonis |200 mm in length when measured along | |Vanuatu |
|trumpet shell |the outside of the shell | | |
|Invertebrates - Crustaceans |
|Spiny lobsters |
|Panulirus sp. |3 1/8 in (85 mm) carapace length, |No taking of egg-bearing|American Samoa |
|spiny lobsters |defined as the midline measurement |females. | |
| |taken from the leading edge of the | | |
| |carapace between the horns to the | | |
| |rear edge of the carapace | | |
|Lobsters |1 lb in weight or 3 in (76 mm) |No taking of egg-bearing|Federated States of Micronesia -|
| |carapace length |females. |Kosrae |
|Panulirus penicillatus |180 mm measured from the eye to the |No taking of egg-bearing|French Polynesia |
|langouste verte |start of the caudal fin |females. Closed season | |
|oura miti | |(1 Nov.–31 Jan. | |
| | |included) | |
|Panulirus sp. |4 in (100 mm) total length of the |No taking of egg-bearing|Guam |
|spiny lobsters |carapace measured from the dorsal |females. | |
|(for commercial purposes) |posterior end of the carapace to the | | |
| |point between the two horns over the | | |
| |eyes | | |
|Panulirus sp. |3 1/2 in (90 mm) total length of the |No taking of egg-bearing|Guam |
|spiny lobsters |carapace measured a above |females. | |
|(for personal use) | | | |
|Panulirus sp. |85 mm carapace measured from the eyes|No taking of egg-bearing|Kiribati |
|rock lobsters, crayfish | |females. | |
|langoustes (lobsters) |75 mm from the midline at the base of|No taking of egg-bearing|New Caledonia |
| |the supra orbital spines to the end |females. | |
| |of the cephalothorax | | |
|lobsters, crayfish |130 mm tail length |No taking of egg-bearing|Niue |
| | |females. No taking of | |
| | |soft-shelled animals. | |
| | |Bag limit (10 | |
| | |pcs/person/day). | |
|Rock lobsters (cheraprukl) |6 in (152 mm) total length of the |No taking of egg-bearing|Palau |
|Panulirus versicolor (bleiached) |carapace (from the tip of the rostrum|females. No export. | |
|Panulirus penicillatus (raiklius)|midway between the eyes to the end of| | |
|Panulirus longiceps femoristriga |the carapace) | | |
|(melech) | | | |
|Palinuridae |100 mm tail length or 175 mm total |No taking of egg-bearing|Papua New Guinea |
|spiny rock lobsters, including: |length (midsection between the eyes |females. Licenses for | |
|Panulirus versicolor, P. |to tail), and 169gram tail weight, or|PNG citizens only. | |
|longipes, P. homarus |409 gram total weight (for commercial|Limitations on season, | |
| |purposes) |fishing gear and total | |
| | |allowable catch as | |
| | |declared by Minister. | |
|Panulirus ornatus |115 mm total of tail length |No taking of egg-bearing|Papua New Guinea (Torres Strait |
|tropical rock lobster | |females. Licenses for |and Western Province) |
| | |PNG citizens only. | |
| | |Limitations on season, | |
| | |fishing gear and total | |
| | |allowable catch as | |
| | |declared by Minister. | |
|Panulirus sp. |80 mm from the base of the horns to |No taking of egg-bearing|Samoa |
|lobsters |the rear edge of the carapace |females. No taking of | |
|ula sami |or |soft-shelled animals. | |
| |140 mm from the base of the horns to | | |
| |the end of the tail. | | |
|Panulirus sp. |80 mm when measured along the |No taking of egg-bearing|Solomon Islands |
|crayfish |mid-line from immediately behind the |females. | |
| |rostral horn to the rear edge of the | | |
| |carapace | | |
|Panulirus sp. |75 mm carapace length from the mid |No taking of egg-bearing|Tonga |
|lobsters |line immediately behind the rostral |females. | |
|‘uo |horns to the rear edge; | | |
| |or | | |
| |45 mm tail width between the lateral | | |
| |notches of the first tail segment | | |
| |measured from the ventral side of the| | |
| |tail | | |
|Rock lobsters |220 mm from the front of the carapace|No taking of egg-bearing|Vanuatu |
| |to the end of the tail |females. No | |
| | |spearfishing. | |
|Palinuridae |75 mm from the midline at the base of|No taking of egg-bearing|Wallis & Futuna |
|langoustes |the supra orbital spines to the end |females. | |
|uo |of the cephalothorax | | |
|Slipper lobsters |
|Parribacus holthuisi |140 mm measured from the eye to the |No taking of egg-bearing|French Polynesia |
|cigale de mer |start of the caudal fin |females. Closed season | |
|tianee | |(1 Nov.–31 Jan. | |
| | |included) | |
|Scyllarides sp. |3 in (75 mm) carapace (shell) width |No taking of egg-bearing|Guam |
|slipper lobsters | |females. | |
|(for commercial purpose) | | | |
|Scyllarides sp. |2 in (50 mm) carapace (shell) |No taking of egg-bearing|Guam |
|slipper lobsters | |females. | |
|(width for personal use) | | | |
|Scyllaridae |52mm carapace length (midsection |No taking of egg-bearing|Papua New Guinea |
|slippers lobsters, including: |between the eyes to the base of the |females. Licenses for | |
|Thenus orientalis |carapace cover) |PNG citizens only. | |
| | |Limitations on season, | |
| | |fishing gear and total | |
| | |allowable catch as | |
| | |declared by Minister. | |
|Parribacus sp. |150 mm in total length when laid flat|No taking of egg-bearing|Samoa |
|slipper lobster |and measured from the front edge of |females. No taking of | |
|papata |the carapace to the rear edge of the |soft-shelled animals. | |
| |telson | | |
|Parribacus sp. |150 mm in length when laid flat and |No taking of egg-bearing|Tonga |
|slipper lobsters |measured from the front edge of the |females. | |
|tapatapa |carapace to the rear edge of the | | |
| |telson | | |
|Mantis shrimps |
|Squilla mantis |180 mm length, measured from the eye |No taking of egg-bearing|French Polynesia |
|squille |to the start of the caudal fin |females. Closed season | |
|varo | |(1 Nov.–31 Jan. | |
| | |included) | |
|(Note: Scientific name for this | | | |
|species has changed and is now: | | | |
|Lysiosquillina maculata) | | | |
|Coconut crab |
|Birgus latro |3 in (75 mm) across the widest |No taking of egg-bearing|American Samoa |
|coconut crab |portion of the back |females. | |
|Birgus latro |4 in (100 mm) carapace width |Bag limit (50 animals |Guam |
|coconut crab | |sold/person/year). No | |
|(for commercial purposes) | |taking of egg-bearing | |
| | |females. | |
|Birgus latro |3 in (75 mm) carapace width |Bag limit (10 |Guam |
|coconut crab | |animals/person/day). No | |
|(for personal use) | |taking of egg-bearing | |
| | |females. | |
|coconut crab |36 mm thoracic length |No taking of egg-bearing|Niue |
|uga | |females. No taking of | |
| | |soft-shelled animals. | |
|Birgus latro |4 in (100 mm) across the shell |No taking of egg-bearing|Palau |
|coconut crab |(carapace) |females. No export. | |
|ketat | | | |
|Birgus latro |90 mm in length when measured along |No taking of egg-bearing|Solomon Islands |
|coconut crab |the carapace from immediately behind |females. Export permit | |
| |the rostral horn to the rear edge of |required. | |
| |the carapace in the midline | | |
|coconut crab |90 mm carapace length |No taking of egg-bearing|Vanuatu |
| | |females. Annual quotas | |
| | |(Torba Province: 5000 | |
| | |pcs; Sanma Province: | |
| | |2000 pcs). No export. | |
|Birgus latro |36 mm thoracic length |No taking of females |Wallis & Futuna |
|crabe de cocotier | |bearing eggs or with an | |
|uu | |orange abdomen. No | |
| | |taking of soft-shelled | |
| | |animals. | |
|Mangrove crab |
|Scylla serrata |6 in (152 mm) across the widest |No taking of egg-bearing|American Samoa |
|mangrove crab |portion of the back |females. | |
|Scylla serrata |6 in (152 mm) along the largest |No taking of egg-bearing|Federated States of Micronesia -|
|mangrove crab |dimension across the outside of the |females. |Kosrae |
| |shell | | |
|Scylla serrata |125 mm across the widest part of the | |Fiji Islands |
|swimming crab |carapace or shell | | |
|qari dina | | | |
|Scylla serrata |120 mm greatest distance across width|No taking of egg-bearing|French Polynesia |
|crabe | |females. Closed season | |
|upai | |(1 November–31 January) | |
|Scylla serrata |140 mm widest dimension of the |Closed season (1 |New Caledonia |
|crabe de palétuvier |carapace |December–31 January). No| |
| | |taking of soft-shelled | |
| | |animals. Crabs must be | |
| | |sold whole. | |
|Scylla serrata |6 in (152 mm) across the shell |No taking of egg-bearing|Palau |
|mangrove crab |(carapace) |females. No export. | |
|Emang | | | |
|Scylla serrata |150 mm across widest part of the |No taking of egg-bearing|Samoa |
|mangrove crab |carapace |females or soft-shelled | |
|Pa’alimago | |animals. | |
|Other crabs |
|crabs (other than the coconut |3 in (76 mm) carapace (shell) width |No taking of egg-bearing|Guam |
|crab, Birgus latro) | |females. | |
|(for commercial uses) | | | |
|crabs (other than the coconut |2 in (50 mm) carapace (shell) width |No taking of egg-bearing|Guam |
|crab, Birgus latro) | |females. | |
|(for personal use) | | | |
|Capilius maculatus |120 mm across the widest part of the |No taking of egg-bearing|Samoa |
|kuku |carapace |females. No taking of | |
| | |soft-shelled animals. | |
|Invertebrates - Holothurians |
|Sea cucumbers (beche-de-mer) |
|All holothurians (beche-de-mer) |76 mm length (dry) |Export of Holothuria |Fiji Islands |
| | |scabra (sandfish, dairo)| |
| | |prohibited | |
|Actinopyga echinites |250 mm length (live) |Limitations on season, |Papua New Guinea |
|deep-water redfish |150 mm length (dry) |fisheries access and | |
| | |fishing gear. Total | |
| | |allowable catch for | |
| | |different provinces. | |
| | |Control of export. | |
|Actinopyga lecanora |250 mm length (live) |(same as A. echinites) |Papua New Guinea |
|stonefish |150 mm length (dry) | | |
|Actinopyga mauritiana |200 mm length (live) |(same as A. echinites) |Papua New Guinea |
|surf redfish |80 mm length (dry) | | |
|Actinopyga miliaris |150 mm length (live) |(same as A. echinites) |Papua New Guinea |
|blackfish |100 mm length (dry) | | |
|Bohadschia argus |200 mm length (live) |(same as A. echinites) |Papua New Guinea |
|tigerfish |100 mm length (dry) | | |
|Bohadschia similis |250 mm length (live) |(same as A. echinites) |Papua New Guinea |
|chalkfish |70 mm length (dry) | | |
|Bohadschia vitiensis |200 mm length (live) |(same as A. echinites) |Papua New Guinea |
|brown sandfish |100 mm length (dry) | | |
|Holothuria atra |300 mm length (live) |(same as A. echinites) |Papua New Guinea |
|lollyfish |150 mm length (dry) | | |
|Holothuria edulis |250 mm length (live) |(same as A. echinites) |Papua New Guinea |
|pinkfish |100 mm length (dry) | | |
|Holothuria fuscogilva |350 mm length (live) |(same as A. echinites) |Papua New Guinea |
|white teatfish |150 mm length (dry) | | |
|Holothuria fuscopunctata |450 mm length (live) |(same as A. echinites) |Papua New Guinea |
|elephant trunkfish |150 mm length (dry) | | |
|Holothuria nobilis |220 mm length (live) |(same as A. echinites) |Papua New Guinea |
|black teatfish |100 mm length (dry) | | |
|Holothuria scabra |220 mm length (live) |(same as A. echinites) |Papua New Guinea |
|sandfish |100 mm length (dry) | | |
|Stichopus chloronotus |200 mm length (live) |(same as A. echinites) |Papua New Guinea |
|greenfish |100 mm length (dry) | | |
|Stichopus hermanni |250 mm length (live) |(same as A. echinites) |Papua New Guinea |
|curryfish |100 mm length (dry) | | |
|Thelenota ananas |250 mm length (live) |(same as A. echinites) |Papua New Guinea |
|prickly redfish |150 mm length (dry) | | |
|Thelenota anax |200 mm length (live) |(same as A. echinites) |Papua New Guinea |
|amberfish |100 mm length (dry) | | |
|Actinopyga echinites |120 mm length (live) | |Tonga |
|deepwater redfish |60 mm length (dry) | | |
|telehea | | | |
|Holothuria atra |165 mm length (live) | |Tonga |
|lollyfish |80 mm length (dry) | | |
|loli | | | |
|Holothuria fuscogilva |320 mm length (live) | |Tonga |
|white teatfish |160 mm length (dry) | | |
|huhuvalu | | | |
|Holothuria fuscopunctata |350 mm length (live) | |Tonga |
|elephant’s trunk fish |150 mm length (dry) | | |
|mula | | | |
|Holothuria nobilis |260 mm length (live) |Harvesting temporarily |Tonga |
|black teatfish |130 mm length (dry) |prohibited. | |
|mokohunu | | | |
|Holothuria scabra |160 mm length (live) | |Tonga |
|sandfish |70 mm length (dry) | | |
|nga‘ito | | | |
|Thelenota ananas |300 mm length (live) | |Tonga |
|prickly redfish |120 mm length (dry) | | |
|holomumu | | | |
|Sea Turtles |
|Turtles |27 in (685 mm) across top of the |Closed seasons (1 |Federated States of Micronesia -|
| |carapace shell lengthwise |Dec.–31 Jan. and 1 |Kosrae |
| | |Jun–31 Aug.). Egg | |
| | |collecting and killing | |
| | |turtles while they’re | |
| | |onshore prohibited. | |
|Green turtle |34 in (865 mm) measured over the top |Closed seasons: 1 |Federated States of Micronesia -|
| |of the carapace shell lengthwise |June–31 Aug. and 1 |Pohnpei |
| | |Dec.–31 Jan. Eggs | |
| | |collecting prohibited. | |
|Hawksbill turtle |27 in (685 mm) measured over the top |Closed seasons: 1 |Federated States of Micronesia -|
| |of the carapace shell lengthwise |June–31 Aug., and 1 |Pohnpei |
| | |Dec.–31 Jan. Eggs | |
| | |collecting prohibited. | |
|green turtle |34 in (865 mm) across carapace length|Eggs collecting |Marshall Islands |
| | |prohibited. No taking of| |
| | |turtles while onshore. | |
|hawksbill turtle |27 in (685 mm) across carapace length|Eggs collecting |Marshall Islands |
| | |prohibited. No taking of| |
| | |turtles while onshore. | |
|Chelonia mydas |34 in (865 mm) across carapace length|Closed seasons (June, |Palau |
|green turtle | |July, Aug., Dec. and | |
|melob | |Jan.). Eggs collecting | |
| | |prohibited. No taking of| |
| | |female turtles while | |
| | |onshore. | |
|Eretmochelys imbricata |27 in (685 mm) across carapace length|Closed seasons (June, |Palau |
|hawksbill turtle | |July, August, December | |
|ngasech | |and January). Eggs | |
| | |collecting prohibited. | |
| | |No taking of female | |
| | |turtles while they’re | |
| | |onshore. | |
|Chelonia mydas |700 mm as its longest part measured |No taking or destruction|Samoa |
|green turtle |along the curve of the carapace |of eggs, no disturbance | |
|laumei | |of nests. Director of | |
| | |Fisheries may declare | |
| | |closed seasons. | |
|Eretmochelys imbricata |700 mm as its longest part measured |No taking or destruction|Samoa |
|Hawksbill turtle |along the curve of the carapace |of eggs, no disturbance | |
|Laumei | |of nests. Director of | |
| | |Fisheries may declare | |
| | |closed seasons. | |
|Sea turtles |750 mm total carapace length |Fishing and egg |Solomon Islands |
|(All species except the leathery | |collecting for leathery | |
|backed turtle or luth, | |backed turtle prohibited| |
|Dermochelys coriacea) | |year-round. Fishing and | |
| | |egg collecting for other| |
| | |turtles prohibited from | |
| | |1 June–31 Aug. and 1 | |
| | |Nov.–31 Jan. All | |
| | |commercial uses | |
| | |prohibited. | |
|Turtles |450 mm total carapace length |Fishing for Leatherback |Tonga |
|fonu | |turtle prohibited | |
|(All species except the | |year-round. Closed | |
|leatherback turtle, Dermochelys | |season for other | |
|coriacea) | |turtles: August–February| |
| | |included. Eggs | |
| | |collecting and nest | |
| | |disturbance prohibited. | |
| | |No use of spear or | |
| | |speargun for capture. | |
|Finfish |
|Acanthuridae (Surgeonfish, tangs, unicornfish) |
|Acanturus sp. (Hepatus sp.) |200 mm from the point of the snout to| |Fiji Islands |
|surgeonfish |the middle of the tailfin | | |
|balagi | | | |
|Naso sp. |300 mm from the point of the snout to| |Fiji Islands |
|unicorn-fish, leather jacket |the middle of the tailfin | | |
|Ta | | | |
|Acanthurus sp., Ctenochaetus sp. |200 mm from the furthermost point of | |Samoa |
|surgeonfishes and tangs |the snout to the middle of the | | |
|alogo, pone, palagi |tailfin | | |
|Naso sp. |200 mm from the furthermost point of | |Samoa |
|unicornfishes |the snout to the middle of the | | |
|ume, iliilia, pa’umalo |tailfin | | |
|Belonidae (Needlefish) | | | |
|Belone sp. |300 mm from the point of the snout to| |Fiji Islands |
|longtom, garfish, greengar |the middle of the tailfin | | |
|saku busa | | | |
|Carangidae (Jacks and pompanos) |
|Caranx sp. |300 mm from the point of the snout to| |Fiji Islands |
|crevally, trevally, pompano |the middle of the tailfin | | |
|saqa (excluding vilu/saqa) | | | |
|Caranx sp., Carangoides sp. |250 mm from the furthermost point of | |Samoa |
|jacks and trevallies |the snout to the middle of the | | |
|malauli, lupota, lupo |tailfin | | |
|Selar sp. |150 mm from the furthermost point of |Director of Fisheries |Samoa |
|bigeye scad |the snout to the middle of the |may declare closed | |
|Atule |tailfin |seasons. | |
|Centropomidae (snooks) | | | |
|Lates calcarifer |360 mm total length when sold or | |Papua New Guinea |
|barramundi |exported | | |
|Chanidae (milkfish) | | | |
|Chanos sp. |300 mm from the point of the snout to| |Fiji Islands |
|Milk Fish |the middle of the tailfin | | |
|yawa | | | |
|Chanos sp. |300 mm from the furthermost point of | |Samoa |
|milkfish |the snout to the middle of the | | |
|ava |tailfin | | |
|Gerreidae (mojarras) | | | |
|Gerres sp. |100 mm from the point of the snout to| |Fiji Islands |
|mojarra |the middle of the tailfin | | |
|matu | | | |
|Gerres sp. |120 mm from the furthermost point of | |Samoa |
|mojarra (silver biddies) |the snout to the middle of the | | |
|matu |tailfin | | |
|Kuhliidae (aholeholes) |
|Kuhlia sp. (Dules sp.) |150 mm from the point of the snout to| |Fiji Islands |
|glassperch, aholehole |the middle of the tailfin | | |
|ika droka | | | |
|Kyphosidae (sea chubs) |
|Kyphosus sp. |200 mm from the furthermost point of | |Samoa |
|drummerfishes (rudderfishes or |the snout to the middle of the | | |
|sea chubs) |tailfin | | |
|ganue | | | |
|Labridae (wrasses) |
|Cheilinus undulatus |25 in (635 mm) (from tip of snout to |No export |Palau |
|Napoleon wrasse |end of tail) | | |
|ngimer, maml | | | |
|Cheilinus undulatus |650 mm for fish exported live |Live fish fishery for |Papua New Guinea |
|humphead Maori wrasse | |export also regulated | |
| | |for: fishing gear | |
| | |(handline only), fishing| |
| | |areas, licenses, | |
| | |conservation (fish | |
| | |cages), monitoring and | |
| | |reporting. | |
|Cheilinus sp. |200 mm from the furthermost point of | |Samoa |
|wrasses |the snout to the middle of the | | |
|sugale |tailfin | | |
|Leiognathidae (slimys, slipmouths or ponyfish) |
|Gazza sp. |100 mm from the point of the snout to| |Fiji Islands |
|pouter, slimy, soapy, perek |the middle of the tailfin | | |
|kaikai | | | |
|Lethrinidae (emperors or scavengers) |
|Lethrinus sp. |250 mm from the point of the snout to| |Fiji Islands |
|sea bream, pig-faced bream |the middle of the tailfin | | |
|kawago, dokonivudi, musubi | | | |
|Lethrinus sp. |200 mm from the point of the snout to| |Fiji Islands |
|small sea bream |the middle of the tailfin | | |
|sabutu | | | |
|Lethrinus sp. |150 mm from the point of the snout to| |Fiji Islands |
|small sea bream |the middle of the tailfin | | |
|kabatia, Kake | | | |
|Lethrinus sp., Gymnocranius sp. |200 mm from the furthermost point of | |Samoa |
|sea breams, emperors |the snout to the middle of the | | |
|mataeleele, filoa |tailfin | | |
|Lutjanidae (snappers) |
|Lutjanus sp. |300 mm from the point of the snout to| |Fiji Islands |
|snapper |the middle of the tailfin | | |
|damu | | | |
|Lutjanus argentimaculatus |400 mm for fish exported live |(same as Cheilinus |Papua New Guinea |
|mangrove jack | |undulatus for PNG) | |
|Lutjanus rivulatus |550 mm for fish exported live |(same as Cheilinus |Papua New Guinea |
|Maori perch | |undulatus for PNG) | |
|Lutjanus russelli |250 mm for fish exported live |(same as Cheilinus |Papua New Guinea |
|Moses perch | |undulatus for PNG) | |
|Lutjanus sebae |550 mm for fish exported live |(same as Cheilinus |Papua New Guinea |
|red emperor | |undulatus for PNG) | |
|Mugilidae (mullets) |
|Mugil sp. |200 mm from the point of the snout to| |Fiji Islands |
|grey mullet |the middle of the tailfin | | |
|kanace | | | |
|Mugil sp., Chaenomugil sp., |200 mm from the furthermost point of |Director of Fisheries |Samoa |
|Crenimugil sp., Liza sp., |the snout to the middle of the |may declare closed | |
|Calamugil sp. |tailfin |seasons. | |
|mullet | | | |
|anae, afa, matapona, aua | | | |
|Mullidae (goatfish) |
|Mulloidichthys sp., Pseudopeneus |150 mm from the point of the snout to| |Fiji Islands |
|sp., Upeneus sp. |the middle of the tailfin | | |
|surmullet, goatfish, whiskercod | | | |
|ki, ose | | | |
|Mulloides sp., Parupeneus sp. |150 mm from the furthermost point of | |Samoa |
|goatfishes |the snout to the middle of the | | |
|ululaoa, vete, taulaia |tailfin | | |
|Scaridae (parrotfish) |
|Bolbometopon muricatum |25 in (635 mm) (from beak to center |No export |Palau |
|humphead parrotfish |of tail) | | |
|berdebed | | | |
|Scarus sp., Cetoscarus sp., |200 mm from the furthermost point of | |Samoa |
|Hipposcarus sp., Bolbometopon sp.|the snout to the middle of the | | |
|parrotfishes |tailfin | | |
|fuga | | | |
|Scombridae (mackerels, tunas, bonitos) |
|Rastrelliger sp. |200 mm from the point of the snout to| |Fiji Islands |
|long-jawed mackerel |the middle of the tailfin | | |
|salala | | | |
|Rastrelliger sp. |200 mm from the furthermost point of | |Samoa |
|long-jawed mackerel (striped |the snout to the middle of the | | |
|mackerel or Indian mackerel) |tailfin | | |
|ga | | | |
|Serranidae (groupers and fairy basslet) |
|Serranus sp. |250 mm from the point of the snout to| |Fiji Islands |
|rock Cod, grouper, salmon cod |the middle of the tailfin | | |
|donu, kawakawa, kavu (Excluding | | | |
|small red spotted cod) | | | |
|Epinephelus sp. |200 mm from the furthermost point of |Director of Fisheries |Samoa |
|rock cods, groupers |the snout to the middle of the |may declare closed | |
|gatala |tailfin |seasons. | |
|Cromileptes altivelis |400 mm for fish exported live |(same as Cheilinus |Papua New Guinea |
|barramundi cod | |undulatus for PNG) | |
|Epinephelus fuscoguttatus |550 mm for fish exported live |(same as Cheilinus |Papua New Guinea |
|flowery cod | |undulatus for PNG) | |
|Epinephelus polyphekadion |370 mm for fish exported live |(same as Cheilinus |Papua New Guinea |
|camouflage grouper | |undulatus for PNG) | |
|Plectropomus areolatus |360 mm for fish exported live |(same as Cheilinus |Papua New Guinea |
|squaretail coral trout | |undulatus for PNG) | |
|Plectropomus laevis |600 mm for fish exported live |(same as Cheilinus |Papua New Guinea |
|chinese footballer trout | |undulatus for PNG) | |
|Plectropomus leopardus |360 mm for fish exported live |(same as Cheilinus |Papua New Guinea |
|leopard coral trout | |undulatus for PNG) | |
|Plectropomus oligacanthus |360 mm for fish exported live |(same as Cheilinus |Papua New Guinea |
|highfin coral trout | |undulatus for PNG) | |
|Siganidae (rabbitfish) |
|Siganus sp. |200 mm from the point of the snout to| |Fiji Islands |
|ketang, spinefoot rabbitfish |the middle of the tailfin | | |
|nuqa | | | |
|Siganus sp. |200 mm from the furthermost point of | |Samoa |
|rabbitfishes |the snout to the middle of the | | |
|lo, pa’uulu, malava, tito |tailfin | | |
|Sphyraenidae (barracudas) |
|Sphyraena sp. |300 mm from the point of the snout to| |Fiji Islands |
|barracuda |the middle of the tailfin | | |
|ogo | | | |
References
American Samoa: American Samoa Code Annotated (A.S.C.A) Section 24 - Fishery Regulations.
Cook Islands: Aitutaki Fisheries By-Laws 1990
Federated States of Micronesia – Kosrae : Title 19 of the Kosrae State Code
Federated States of Micronesia - Pohnpei: Pohnpei State Conservation and Resource Enforcement Act of 1982; Kosrae Marine Resources Act of 2000 and Regulation No. 19-88 pursuant to Kosrae Code 2.405
Fiji Islands: Fisheries Act 1997: Chapter 158 - Cap.158 Ed. 1992 - Subsidiary Legislation
French Polynesia: Délibération n° 88-184 AT du 8 décembre 1988 relative à la protection de certaines espèces animales marines d’eau douce du patrimoine naturel polynésien Délibération n° 59/2 du 16 janvier 1959 réglementant la pêche des huîtres nacrières et perlières par plongeur à nu en Polynésie française.
Guam: Title 16 - Natural Resources and Recreation - Chapter 2 - Fishing Regulation 2004
Kiribati: Laws of Kiribati, Amended 1984, Revised Edition 1979 - Chapter 33
Marshall Islands: Marshall Islands Marine Resources Authority Act 1997
New Caledonia: Memento sur la réglementation des pêches maritimes (2005)
Niue: Domestic Fishing Act 1995 and Domestic Fishing Regulations 1996
Palau: Marine Protection Act 1994
Papua New Guinea: Fisheries Management Act 1998; Fisheries (Torres Strait Protected Zone) Act 1984; The Barramundi Fishery Management Plan 1998; The National Live Reef Food FishFishery Management Plan 2003; The National Lobster Management Plan 1996; The National Beche-de-mer Fishery Management Plan (revised version) 2003.
Samoa: Local Fisheries Regulations 1996
Solomon Islands: Fisheries regulations 1972 [CAP. 38]
Tonga: Fisheries Act 1989 (Section 59) - The Fisheries (Conservation and Management)
Regulations 1994
Vanuatu: Fisheries Act 1982
Wallis & Futuna: Délibération 38/cp/94 du 7 juin 1994 complétée de la déliberation 09/AT/2004 du 11 février 2004.
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