Administration



Government Questions:1.?The Senate voting on a new bill is an activity related to which branch of government? A. Cabinet B. judicial C. executive D. legislative Explanation: The legislative branch of the U.S. government is made of the Congress. Congress is made up of two chambers, the House of Representatives and the Senate. The legislative branch is responsible for making laws.2.?Which of the following is an example of a citizen exercising his or her First Amendment rights? A. Byron serves as foreman on a jury during the trial of a high-profile civil case. B. Jill keeps a rifle collection in her hunting lodge and pepper spray on her key chain. C. Alberto publishes a radical newspaper challenging the policies of the current governor. D. When Samuel is accused of a crime, he retains an attorney to be present during police questioning. Explanation: The correct answer is Alberto because he is exercising the right of freedom of the press, which is protected by the First Amendment.3.?Which of the following describes how the president of the United States is elected to office? A. The president is elected by votes in the Senate and House of Representatives. B. Each state holds an election, then submits its vote. Whoever wins the most states becomes president. C. The general population votes, and whoever receives the most votes wins. D. The general population votes for a slate of electors who vote to decide who becomes president. Explanation: In our country, when citizens punch their ballots for president, they actually vote for a slate of electors. Electors then cast the votes that decide who becomes President of the United States. Usually, electoral votes align with the popular vote in an election. But four times in our nation's history, the person who took the White House did not receive the most popular votes (Rutherford Hayes, Benjamin Harrison, John Quincy Adams, and George W. Bush).4.?What would be the most likely effect on Latin American countries if the United States were to effectively limit both legal and illegal immigration from those countries? A. Tourism to those countries from the U.S. would increase. B. Unemployment in those countries would increase. C. Wages in those countries would increase. D. Tourism in the U.S. from those countries would increase. Explanation: Most Latin American immigrants come to the states to work because the job situation in their own countries is terrible. If the U.S. were to reduce the number of immigrants from Latin America, two things would happen: One, there would be a shortage of workers in the U.S., particularly in the South and Southwest, since the Latin American workforce is employed in many jobs that most citizens would rather not do. Two, it would affect the Latin American economy since the majority of immigrants who work in the U.S. send a great portion of their earnings back home to families in Latin America.World History:1.?What was Niccolò Machiavelli's main argument in his work The Prince? A. A ruler should do whatever is necessary to maintain power. B. A ruler should make his subjects as happy as possible. C. A ruler should strive to maintain equality and fairness. D. A ruler should follow all of the teachings of the Catholic Church. Explanation: In Niccolò Machiavelli's The Prince, he commented on how governments should rule. Influenced by the political environment that he had observed in Florence and other city states, Machiavelli argued that a ruler should do whatever is necessary, even if that meant violence, in order to maintain control of the state. He argued that it was more important for a ruler to maintain order in the state than for the ruler to be a moral person.2.?How did the Columbian Exchange impact people living in Europe and in the Western Hemisphere? A. People in both places were introduced to new crops and animals. B. People across Europe began practicing Native American religions. C. Millions of Native Americans moved to Europe and assimilated into European society. D. Many Europeans were enslaved and taken to North and South America. Explanation: The term "Columbian Exchange" is used to describe the exchange of crops, animals, people, diseases, and technology which occurred after Columbus' discovery of the New World. As a result of the contact between the Eastern and Western Hemispheres, people in both places were introduced to a variety of things.3.?Which of these was a result of the English Revolution of 1689, or the "Glorious Revolution"? A. Catholicism became England's state religion. B. The nobles of England were beheaded. C. England lost all of its overseas colonies. D. The English monarch signed a Bill of Rights. Explanation: The English "Glorious Revolution" took place after the English Civil War and after a king had been restored to the throne. The English feared that King James II was trying to bring absolute monarchy and Catholicism to England, so they invited the Dutch leaders William of Orange and Mary to invade England and become the new monarchs. Before William and Mary took the throne, they had to sign the English Bill of Rights, which took away many powers of the monarchy.4.?What effect did the Great Depression have on fascism, communism, and other similar movements in Europe and Asia? A. It weakened them because the movements were unable to stop the Depression from happening. B. It weakened them because it convinced people that democracy had control over the situation. C. It strengthened them because people felt a stronger government could improve the economy. D. It strengthened them because people were eager to fight new wars against enemy countries. Explanation: The Great Depression affected nearly every country in the world. Nations like the United States and Britain were able to manage the Depression with their democratic governments. In nations like Italy, Germany, Spain, and Japan, their governments became stronger and began to lose democratic aspects. Fascist and communist movements promised to improve the economy of their countries, and this was appealing to many people.World Geography:1.?How did construction of the Panama Canal influence world trade? A. The canal made Panama the center of world trade. B. The canal slowed world trade. C. The canal split world trade into an eastern sphere and western sphere. D. The canal made trade routes much shorter. Explanation: The Panama Canal is a man-made link between the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans. By linking these two bodies of water, trade routes were made much shorter because vessels no longer had to go around the southern tips of South America to cross from the Atlantic to the Pacific or vice-versa. This made trade easier and more efficient.2.?Why is the area highlighted by the blue box largely uninhabited by people? A. This area is extremely mountainous, making the area unfavorable for construction. B. This region of Africa is tundra, with extremely low average temperatures. C. The Amazon Rainforest covers this region, making it unfavorable for farming. D. The Sahara Desert covers this region, making the area unfavorable for farming. Explanation: Physical landforms play a large role in migration patterns and the distribution of cities. In this case, the highlighted region of Africa is largely uninhabited because the Sahara Desert covers this area. There is little water for farming, and conditions are harsh for human settlement.3.?The overall impacts of the Irish Potato Famine included: the decline of the Irish language and customs the devastation of the landless laborer class and small tenant farmer a treeless landscape in many parts of Ireland Irish emigrants scattered around the globeSources: 1831, 1841 and 1851 Census of IrelandHow did environmental conditions in mid-19th century Ireland influence migration patterns? A. A changing climate forced the majority of the population to move into the southern part of the country. B. The famine killed Ireland's primary crop, forcing many Irish to leave the country. C. The famine resulted in most of Ireland's population leaving rural areas to work in cities. D. Over-polluted conditions in Irish cities forced the population to migrate to rural areas. Explanation: The Irish Potato Famine, caused by drought in the mid-19th century, resulted in a massive emigration out of the country. Millions of Irish citizens came to America. This is a good example of how human movement is influenced by environmental conditions such as drought.4.?Why was it so important for the Union Army to defeat the Confederate Army at the battle of Gettysburg in 1863? A. Victory at Gettysburg would ensure access to the Great Lakes. B. It was the farthest north into Union territory the Confederate Army had pushed. C. Gettysburg was strategically located at the junction of several railroad lines. D. Victory at Gettysburg would ensure access to vital waterways and Atlantic ports. Explanation: The Union Army defeated the Confederate Army at Gettysburg in 1863. Because of massive casualties on both sides, it was an important victory. However, the geographic angle was that Gettysburg represented General Lee's attempt to push north into Union territory. The Union knew they had to push back the Confederates in a decisive stand, which they accomplished.United States History:1.?Which of the following was one of the grievances toward the king that the colonists listed in the Declaration of Independence? A. He would not protect the colonies with proper soldiers. B. He had made them fight an unwanted war against France. C. He did not allow them to trade with England. D. He imposed taxes on them without their consent. Explanation: The bulk of the Declaration of Independence was a list of charges against the king of Great Britain. There were 29 separate indictments. Among these were imposing taxes on them without consent, making them support soldiers during peacetime, and making them trade with only England.2.?How did the philosopher John Locke influence the principles of the Declaration of Independence? A. He wrote that governments should be organized under three competing branches. B. He wrote that people were born with natural rights to life, liberty, and property. C. He was the first philosopher to advance the idea of separation of church and state. D. He claimed that democracy would fail if men without property were allowed to vote. Explanation: John Locke advanced the theory that people are born with certain rights. When a government does not protect them, the citizen has the right or even the obligation to overthrow the government. Locke did not believe that kings were appointed by God to rule. Instead, he thought that the power to govern should be granted by the people. This language found its way into Thomas Jefferson's Declaration of Independence and fueled revolution in Europe as well.3.?The Constitutional principle of checks and balances is exemplified by A. trial by jury. B. term limits. C. separation of church and state. D. presidential veto. Explanation: The principle of checks and balances holds that the three branches of government (judicial, legislative, and executive) have to work together to make sure that no one body becomes too powerful. Thus, the presidential veto is a good example because it is a "check" on the power of Congress.4.?The first 10 amendments to the U.S. Constitution are designed to protect which principle of American government? A. popular elections B. checks and balances C. separation of powers D. individual rights Explanation: The first 10 amendments to the U.S. Constitution is the Bill of Rights, which is designed to protect individual rights such as freedom of speech, the right to bear arms, and the right to a speedy trial by jury.5.?Which geographical region in colonial North America was best known for its cold climate and strong Puritan population? A. Middle Passage B. New England C. middle colonies D. Southern colonies Explanation: Many of the New England settlers were Puritans escaping from religious persecution in England. The region's northern location and poor farmland meant that its winters were cold and difficult.6.?Which of the following sentences best characterizes the nature of the Revolutionary War? A. It was a hot, quick war fought between two highly trained fighting forces with only one significant engagement. B. It was primarily a naval war fought between large ironclad ships off the coast of North America. C. It was a violent war fought with guerrilla tactics mainly in populous cities. D. It was a slow war fought between an inexperienced militia and a traditional army in a huge territory. Explanation: The Revolutionary War was long (1775-1782) and slow, with only intermittent battles in which the British were worn down. The huge territory of America made containing the colonists difficult.7.?There were several different reasons which led to the War of 1812. Which of the following is considering the central dispute which led to the War of 1812? A. disputes over English taxes and tariffs levied in the United States B. impressment of American soldiers by the British C. dispute over control of the land that is presently Florida D. the United States seeking independence from England Explanation: The British policy of impressment was one of the factors that contributed to the War of 1812. British ships would stop American ships and force American sailors to work on British ships. The British did not recognize American citizenship and often claimed that the American sailors they took were actually British subjects.8.?Which of the following most accurately describes the central purpose of the Monroe Doctrine? A. limits European influence in the Western Hemisphere B. gains official independence from England C. establishes the southern border of the US and Mexico D. establishes the President of the US as the head of the United Nations Explanation: Monroe Doctrine was a policy established by the United States in the administration of President James Monroe that sought to limit European influence in the Western Hemisphere. President Monroe's message to Congress put "European Powers" on notice that American continents were off limits to European colonization, and that any attempts to interfere with American lands would be considered the "manifestation of an unfriendly disposition toward the United States."9.?Which group earned the right to vote before the other groups listed? A. Native Americans B. women C. landless white males D. African Americans Explanation: In the United States, the right to vote has not always been available to all groups of people. In the early years of our country's history, white males who owned property were able to vote. Everyone else was excluded from voting, including property owners who were Catholic, Jewish or Quaker. In 1792, New Hampshire became the first state to eliminate the requirement that people must own property before they could vote. Other states eliminated the property requirement as well, and in 1856, North Carolina was the last state to do so.10.?On July 4, 1863, General Ulysses S. Grant defeated the Confederate Army at Vicksburg, Mississippi, and the Union took control of this city. Why was this an important victory for the Union? A. The Union then had control of all of the Mississippi River. B. The Union took control of the capital of the Confederacy. C. The Union took control of the Gulf of Mexico. D. The Union forced the Confederates out of the northern states. Explanation: During the Civil War, one of the goals of the Union Army was to take control of the Mississippi River because it was a major transportation route. Also, by controlling the Mississippi River, the Confederate states of Texas, Louisiana, and Arkansas were cut off from the other states in the Confederacy. The Union Army achieved its goal of controlling the Mississippi River with its victory at Vicksburg.11.?In 1864, which Civil War general captured the city of Atlanta, Georgia and then led his army to the Atlantic Coast on a campaign known as the March to the Sea? A. George McClellan B. William Tecumseh Sherman C. Ulysses S. Grant D. Robert E. Lee Explanation: After capturing Atlanta, Union general William Tecumseh Sherman led a campaign called the March to the Sea in which his army created a path of destruction between Atlanta and the Atlantic Coast. Sherman's army destroyed anything that they thought might be beneficial to the South's war effort, including crops, bridges, and railroad tracks.12.?During the Reconstruction, which group wanted to punish the Confederate states for seceding from the Union and wanted to make it difficult for the states re-enter the Union? A. Carpetbaggers B. Freedmen C. Radical Republicans D. Democrats Explanation: Radical Republicans supported punishment of the Confederate states. In 1863, Abraham Lincoln had issued the Proclamation of Amnesty and Reconstruction which outlined a plan for the re-entry of Confederate states into the Union. According to the plan, once ten percent of the number of people who had voted in the 1860 election took a loyalty oath to the United States, the state could re-enter the Union and set up a new state government that recognized the freedom of African Americans. Radical Republicans were opposed to this plan, and in 1864, Congress passed the Wade-Davis Bill. This bill required that the majority of white males in the Confederate states take a loyalty oath to the United States, and then the states could set up a new government. Anyone who had served in the Confederate government or had served in the Confederate Army was excluded from participating in the new government. Abraham Lincoln vetoed the Wade-Davis Bill.13.?Which of these encouraged industrialization to expand from the eastern part of the United States to the West? A. muckrakers B. subways C. railroads D. labor unions Explanation: The growth of railroads after the Civil War played a large part in the industrialization of western states. Goods had to be brought to port or to major population centers; this was accomplished in the 19th and early 20th centuries by train.14.?Upton Sinclair's novel The Jungle was intended as a criticism of the capitalist system; it A. led to greater oversight of the meatpacking industry. B. led to improved working conditions for women and children. C. led to improved living conditions for the working class. D. helped to rid the United States of "wage slavery." Explanation: The vivid descriptions of the meatpacking industry put the spotlight on corruption in the capitalist system. Although Sinclair hoped the novel would change the poverty in which workers lived, its only real impact was felt in meatpacking regulations, which addressed cleanliness, inspection, and product purity.15.?Plessy v. Ferguson was a landmark Supreme Court decision in the 19th century that upheld the constitutionality (whether it conflicts with constitutional principles) of A. freedom of speech. B. the right to assemble. C. the "separate but equal" doctrine. D. capital punishment. Explanation: In a 7-1 decision, the Supreme Court upheld the "separate but equal" doctrine. Under Louisiana law, Homer Plessy, who was one-eighth black, was considered black and was required to ride in the "colored car" on the East Louisiana Railroad. In 1892, he boarded the "white car," for which he was arrested and jailed. He argued in court that he had been denied his rights under the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Amendments, but the presiding judge ruled the state had the right to regulate railroad companies as long as they operated within state boundaries.16.?One of President Theodore Roosevelt's favorite phrases was an African proverb which was "Speak softly, and carry a big stick, you will go far." Roosevelt's foreign policy became known as big stick diplomacy. Which statement best describes big stick diplomacy? A. the pledge to remain neutral in the foreign affairs B. the promotion of democracy in all countries C. the threat of using military force in foreign policy D. the creation of economic policies to benefit the U.S. Explanation: Big stick diplomacy included the idea that military force should be used in order to protect America's interests in foreign countries. President Roosevelt used big stick diplomacy in foreign policy issues related to Latin America.17.?Radio was the first modern medium for reaching many people at once. The introduction of movies eventually followed. The rising popularity of radio and movies in the United States during the 20th century A. caused radio and theater ticket sales to decrease dramatically. B. provided new forms of entertainment to a broader audience. C. caused the stock market to take a significant dive. D. exponentially increased the amount of newspapers sold. Explanation: Because of radio and television, people were now able to escape from everyday life. Radio programs and movies offered Americans hope for a better life and a new way to spend time with friends and family.18.?How did the Great Depression change the role of government in America? A. State governments became more important than the federal government. B. The federal government became less involved in the economy. C. The role of government greatly expanded. D. The federal government decreased in size and scope. Explanation: The New Deal legislation passed in response to the Great Depression forever changed the role of government in America. The government expanded significantly, both as a regulator and as a caretaker.19.?How did World War II impact African Americans on the home front? A. It ended Jim Crow segregation in big cities. B. It led to African American internment in camps. C. It resulted in increased inequalities. D. It provided good job opportunities. Explanation: World War II had a positive impact on the economic situation of African Americans. New jobs were made available to black citizens to meet labor demands of factories. Discrimination in hiring for government jobs was banned in 1941, and civil rights organizations grew.20.?Which policy was advocated by George Kennan of the U.S. State Department in order to prevent the Soviet Union from expanding its territory? A. imperialism B. containment C. appeasement D. isolationism Explanation: In an article published in 1947, George Kennan wrote that U.S. foreign policy "must be that of a long-term, patient but firm and vigilant containment of Russian expansive tendencies." Kennan's argument for containment influenced U.S. foreign policy during the Cold War years as the U.S. tried to prevent communism from spreading to other countries.21.?Which of the following best describes the significance of Martin Luther King, Jr.'s "I Have a Dream" speech? A. The speech stated King's support of the Southern Manifesto, which aimed to bring equality between racial groups and was an effort to persuade other to support the manifesto. B. The speech expressed King's point of view that the only approach to fighting against racial injustices was through violent demonstrations throughout major cities in the U.S. C. The speech was King's reply to a statement made by eight white Alabama clergymen who claimed that the battle against segregation should be fought in court and not on the streets. D. The speech motivated others in regards to the need for change and sent encouragement to many toward working for federal legislation to help end racial discrimination. Explanation: Martin Luther King, Jr. desired to see change in his lifetime and to persuade others into action to make that change a reality, which was the purpose behind his "I Have a Dream" speech as evidenced by his words from the speech:"We have also come to this hallowed spot to remind America of the fierce urgency of Now. This is no time to engage in the luxury of cooling off or to take the tranquilizing drug of gradualism. Now is the time to make real the promises of democracy. Now is the time to rise from the dark and desolate valley of segregation to the sunlit path of racial justice. Now is the time to lift our nation from the quicksands of racial injustice to the solid rock of brotherhood. Now is the time to make justice a reality for all of God's children."22.?Which government agency was formed in 1970 in order to prevent the pollution of America's water, air, and land? A. the Bureau of Land Management B. the National Park Service C. the Environmental Protection Agency D. the Department of Health and Human Services Explanation: The Environmental Protection Agency was formed to reduce the amount of pollution that existed in the United States. Air and water pollution and toxic waste were some of the environmental issues that had become problematic by the end of the 1960s. Americans began to realize that their natural resources needed to be protected and began calling for change. The EPA became responsible for regulating activities that were harmful to the environment. ................
................

In order to avoid copyright disputes, this page is only a partial summary.

Google Online Preview   Download