Enabling Millimeter Computing - IEEE

1

Enabling Millimeter Computing

Dennis Sylvester University of Michigan

Joint work with David Blaauw

University of Michigan

1

1

Inflation Adjusted Price (1000s of USD)

Bell's Law

100000 10000 1000

100

Mainframe Workstation

2

New class of computing systems every

decade

Laptop

10

1 Mini Computer

0.1

Personal

Computer

0.01 1950

University of Michigan

1960

1970

1980

[Bell et al. Computer, 1971, Bell, ACM, 2008]

Smartphone

1990 2000 2010 2020

2

2

Bell's Law ? Corollary

3

Mainframe

10T

1T 100G 10G

Workstation

100x smaller every decade

[Nakagawa08]

1G

100M 10M

Laptop

Size (mm3)

1M

100k

10k

1k

Mini Computer

100

10

Personal Computer

1 100m

Smartphone

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020

University of Michigan

3

3

Bell's Law ? Production Volume

4

Mainframe

1 per Enterprise

10T

1T 100G 10G

Workstation

1 per Engineer

100x smaller every decade

[Nakagawa08]

1G

Size (mm3)

100M 10M 1M

Laptop

1 per Professional

100k

10k

1k

Mini Computer

100 1 per Company

10

Personal Computer

1 100m

1 per Family

1 per person

Smartphone

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020

University of Michigan

4

4

Bell's Law ? Production Volume

5

Mainframe

1 per Enterprise

10T

1T 100G 10G

Workstation

1 per Engineer

100x smaller every decade

[Nakagawa08]

1G

Size (mm3)

100M 10M 1M

Laptop

1 per Professional

100k 10k 1k 100 10

1 100m

Mini Computer

1 per Company

Personal Computer

1 per Family

1950 1960 1970 1980

mm-Scale Computing

Ubiquitous

1 per person

Smartphone

1990 2000 2010

Ubiquitous

2020

University of Michigan

5

5

mm-Computing: Application Areas 6

Medical

Surveillance and micro robotics

Infrastructure Textiles

University of Michigan

mm-Scale Computing

Environment

6

6

Where Are We?

7

100000 10000

[Hollar00]

Mica2mote Mica2Dot

[Roggen06]#

Intel mote#

[Chee08]

1000 100

[Pister99] [Pister01] [Hill03]

[Park06] [Nakagawa08]

Size (mm3)

10

1 Goal - 1mm3 complete sensor Kris Pister coins "Smart Dust" term

0.1 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006

Timeline

University of Michigan

2008

[Blaauw10] [Sylvester11]

2010 2012

7

7

Why aren't we further along?

8

Long device lifetime vs.

Power Budget, W

small form factor

The 3 most important

things in miniaturization:

Power, Power, Power

Circuits just are not

there yet

1k 100

10 1

100m 10m 1m 100? 10? 1?

minute

hour day week month year decade

100n

10n 1 mm3 Harvester 1n

100p

10p 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 1010

Desired Lifetime, s

University of Michigan

8

8

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