CHAPTER 12 GASES AND KINETIC-MOLECULAR THEORY
[Pages:30]CHAPTER 12 GASES AND KINETIC-MOLECULAR
THEORY
1. Pressure 2. Boyle's Law: The V-P Relationship 3. Charles' Law: The V-T Relationship 4. Standard T&P 5. The Combined Gas Law Equation 6. Avogadro's Law and the Standard Molar Volume 7. Summary of Gas Laws: The Ideal Gas Equation 8. Dalton's Law of Partial Pressures 9. The Kinetic-Molecular Theory 10. Diffusion and Effusion of Gases 11. Real Gases: Deviations from Ideality
1
Pressure
{ Pressure is force per unit area.
z lb/in2
z N/m2
{ Gas pressure as most people think of it.
{ Atmospheric pressure is measured using a barometer.
{ Definitions of standard pressure
z 76 cm Hg
z 760 mm Hg
z 760 torr
z 1 atmosphere
z 101.3 kPa
Hg density = 13.6 g/mL
2
Boyle's Law: The Volume-Pressure Relationship
{ V 1/P or { V= k (1/P) or PV = k { P1V1 = k1 for one sample of a gas. { P2V2 = k2 for a second sample of a
gas. { k1 = k2 for the same sample of a gas
at the same T. { Thus we can write Boyle's Law
mathematically as P1V1 = P2V2
3
Boyle's Law: The Volume-Pressure Relationship
{ At 25oC a sample of He has a volume of 4.00 x 102 mL under a pressure of 7.60 x 102 torr. What volume would it occupy under a pressure of 2.00 atm at the same T?
P1 V1 = P2 V2
V2
=
P1 V1 P2
= (760 torr )(400 mL)
1520 torr
= 2.00 ?102 mL 4
Charles' Law: The Volume-Temperature Relationship; The Absolute Temperature Scale
35
30
25
20
Volume (L)
vs.
15
Temperature (K)
10
Gases liquefy
before reaching 0K
5
0 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400
absolute zero = -273.15 0C
5
Charles' Law: The Volume-Temperature Relationship; The Absolute Temperature Scale
{ Charles's law states that the volume of a gas is directly proportional to the absolute temperature at constant pressure.
z Gas laws must use the Kelvin scale to be correct.
{ Relationship between Kelvin and centigrade.
K = oC + 273
6
Charles' Law: The Volume-Temperature Relationship; The Absolute Temperature Scale
{ Mathematical form of Charles' law.
V T or V = kT or V = k T
V1 = k and V2 = k however the k's are equalso
T1
T2
V1 = V2 in the most useful form T1 T2
7
Charles' Law: The Volume-Temperature Relationship; The Absolute Temperature Scale
{ A sample of hydrogen, H2, occupies 1.00 x 102 mL at 25.0oC and 1.00 atm. What volume would it occupy at 50.0oC under the same pressure?
T1 = 25 + 273 = 298
T2 = 50 + 273 = 323
V1 T1
=
V2 T2
V 2
=
V1T2 T1
1.00 ?102 mL ? 323 K
V2 =
298 K
= 108 mL
8
................
................
In order to avoid copyright disputes, this page is only a partial summary.
To fulfill the demand for quickly locating and searching documents.
It is intelligent file search solution for home and business.
Related download
- review of ideal gas thermodynamics me 306 fluid mechanics
- lectures on kinetic theory of gases and statistical physics
- van der waals
- chapter 12 gases and kinetic molecular theory
- chapter 2 thermodynamics of combustion
- chapter 8 and 9 energy balances poly
- worksheet 6 solutions
- or san francisco state university
- conservation laws mit
- chapter 3 properties of pure substances
Related searches
- ecclesiastes chapter 12 meaning
- mark chapter 12 commentary
- the outsiders chapter 12 questions
- chapter 12 summary the outsiders
- chapter 12 questions the outsiders
- chapter 12 the outsiders pdf
- the outsiders chapter 12 answers
- chapter 12 civics vocab
- potential and kinetic energy calculator
- the outsiders chapter 12 quiz
- the outsiders chapter 12 quizlet
- tom sawyer chapter 12 summary