Cellular Energy: (ATP)



Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration

Cellular Energy: (ATP)

-AMP: Adenosine Monophosphate

-ADP: Adenosine Diphosphate

-ATP: Adenosine Triphosphate

An adenosine molecule bonded to phosphate groups. This requires energy because the phosphate groups have the same charge so they repel one another like the same sides of a magnet. The energy needed to bond the phosphate groups to adenosine comes from the charged electrons on the electron transport chain.

Photosynthesis: (2 phases)

*Light-Dependent: Production of ATP and NADPH from light energy splitting water molecules. The excited electrons bond the free floating phosphate to ADP and the hydrogen to NADP+. The left over O2 from the water molecules are the released to the atmosphere. These newly formed energy carrying molecules are then used with CO2 to make sugar (C6H12O6) in the light- independent phase.

*Light –Independent: (Calvin Cycle/ Dark Cycle) Does not require sun light. Occurs in the stroma of chloroplasts and uses carbon dioxide, ATP, and NADPH to make sugar.

Equation for Photosynthesis:

6CO2 + 6H2O ----> C6H12O6 +6O2

Equation for cellular respiration:

C6H12O6 +6O2 ----> 6CO2 + 6H2O

Cellular Respiration: The process that releases energy by breaking down glucose and other food molecules in the presence of oxygen. P.222 1 molecule of glucose

-3 stages: Glycolysis =2 ATP

Citric Acid Cycle =2 ATP

Electron Transport Chain =32 ATP

Total=36 ATP

Glycolysis: Series of chemical reactions in the cytoplasm of a cell that break down glucose, a six-carbon compound, into two molecules of pyruvic acid, a three-carbon compound.

Citric acid cycle: (Krebs Cycle) A series of chemical reactions that break down pyruvic acid to produce ATP; energizes electron carriers that pass the energized electrons on to the electron transport chain. For every turn of the cycle 1 molecule of ATP & 2 molecules of CO2 are produced.

Electron Transport Chain: (Mitochondrion) uses the high-energy electrons from the krebs cycle to convert ADP into ATP.

Lactic Acid Fermentation: during heavy exercise, when your cells are without oxygen. This anaerobic process follows glycolysis and provides a means to continue producing ATP until oxygen is available.

Comparing Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration

Resources:





................
................

In order to avoid copyright disputes, this page is only a partial summary.

Google Online Preview   Download