Zero Emission Vehicle (ZEV) Regulation

Zero Emission Vehicle (ZEV)

Regulation

LEV III

Air Quality

Improvement

LEV III

Greenhouse Gas

Reductions

ZEV

Future Technology

advancement

How The ZEV Regulation Works

Requires large volume automobile manufacturers to

produce zero emitting passenger vehicles

Battery Electric Vehicles (BEV)

Hydrogen Fuel Cell (FCEV)

May substitute some with near-zero emission vehicles

Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEV)

Conventional Hybrids

Clean Gasoline Vehicles

Regulated Manufacturers

Large Volume

Manufacturers

> 60,000 sales

? Chrysler

? Ford

? GM

? Honda

? Nissan

? Toyota

Intermediate

Large Volume

Manufacturers 2018+ Volume Manu.

> 20,000 sales

? Jaguar /

? BMW

Land Rover*

? Hyundai

? Mitsubishi*

? Kia

? Volvo*

? Mazda*

? Mercedes

? Subaru*

? Volkswagen

* Current rulemaking may adjust Intermediate Volume Manufacturer

compliance requirements for companies in red

History of the ZEV Regulation

1996

ZEV Regulation

? The MOA

? 10% ZEVs in 2003

? Early requirements

eliminated

1990

ARB LEV I

ZEV Requirement born

as a footnote within

LEV I

1992

?

1996

1994

1998

LEV II adopted

? ZEV moved to its own

section

? PZEV credits permitted as

substitution

? Introduction of HEVs

4

?

2001

ZEV Amendments

Allowed offset with AT

PZEVs (Conventional HEVs)

Increased future ZEV

requirements

2000

1998

?

?

2002

2001

ZEV Litigation

Federal and State

lawsuits

Enforcement

Prohibited

(2003 and 2004)

History of the ZEV Regulation

2003

ZEV Amendments

Alt Path Created

Phases created for

vehicle placement

Arrival of FCEVs

?

?

?

2004

2009

ZEV White Paper

Board directed staff to

return with

recommendations

Includes 2050 GHG

analysis of LDV sector

?

?

2008

2006

?

?

?

2008

ZEV Amendments

Ended Alt Path

Reduced 2012-2014

ZEV Requirement

Added PHEVs to AT

PZEVs

5

?

?

?

2012

2010

2012

ACC Created

?

?

2013/2014

ZEV Amendments

Minor changes

Closed loopholes

Addressed equitability

issues

ZEV Amendments

Strengthened

regulation

Reduced LVM definition

to 20,000 units

2014

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