Growth Sector Briefing - Life Sciences
Growth Sector Briefing - Life SciencesOffice of the Chief Economic Adviser9 December 2022Growth Sector DefinitionLife Sciences was identified in Scotland’s Economic Strategy (2015) as one of the growth sectors in which Scotland can build on existing comparative advantage and increase productivity and growth. The term Life Sciences reflects a wide range of activity including the discovery, research, development and manufacture of therapeutics; diagnostics; medical devices and platform technologies as well as the specialist suppliers of products and services necessary for these organisations to function. As such it is not possible to specifically define the industry in terms of SIC codes. However, a set of SIC codes (outlined below) can be used to track changes in part of the Scottish Life Sciences growth sector over time.The Life Sciences growth sector is defined by the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) 2007 codes:SIC 21: Manufacture of basic pharmaceutical products and pharmaceutical preparationsSIC 26.6: Manufacture of irradiation, electromedical and electrotherapeutic equipmentSIC 32.5: Manufacture of medical and dental instruments and suppliesSIC 72.11: Research and experimental development on biotechnologySIC 72.19: Other research and experimental development on natural sciences and engineeringAn alternative source for measuring the economic activity of the Life Sciences sector can be derived from a Scottish Enterprise maintained database of businesses involved in Life Sciences activities in Scotland – including animal health, human health, agricultural and marine biotechnology. This database encompasses the wider range of life science businesses and includes professional service businesses that support the Life Sciences sector e.g.?legal services. This broad approach to defining Life Sciences is therefore based on the businesses identified directly to be part of the life sciences sector or, in some cases, businesses which provide services to the sector through its supply chain, however, some of the companies in the wider supply chain may also provide services to other sectors. Scottish Enterprise supplies the Scottish Government with its Life Sciences database each year so that estimates of turnover and GVA can be sourced by matching the Life Sciences database with financial and employment data from the Annual Business Survey.This briefing will provide data from both of these sources, where appropriate.Key StatisticsRecent trends in GDP (2022 Q3)Updated December 2022, next update March 2023The latest GDP data show that output in the Life Sciences growth sector increased by 0.7% in the most recent quarter, whereas output across the economy as a whole decreased by 0.2%. Compared with the same quarter in the previous year, output in this sector increased by 2.4%, whereas output across the economy as a whole increased by 2.9%, comparing Q3 2022 to Q3 2021.Employment (2021)Updated December 2022, next update November 2023Employment in the Life Sciences growth sector stood at 18,000 in 2021, accounting for 0.7% of employment in Scotland and 7.7% of employment in Life Sciences across Great Britain. Employment in this sector decreased by 10.0% over the latest year in Scotland.Employment (2019) - Life Sciences ClusterUpdated May 2022, next update May 2023The wider Life Sciences sector employs 41,700 people in businesses and Higher Education Institutions.Employment across Scotland (2021)Updated December 2022, next update November 2023In 2021, employment in the Life Sciences growth sector was highest in Glasgow City (2,250) and City of Edinburgh (2,000), which comprised 12.5% and 11.1% of employment in this sector respectively.Exports (2019)Updated November 2021, next update tbcTotal exports from the Life Sciences growth sector stood at ?1.8 billion in 2019, accounting for 2.1% of Scotland’s total exports. Exports from this sector increased by 16.5% over the year.Exports to the rest of the UK stood at ?335 million in 2019 and accounted for 18.3% of total Life Sciences exports. International exports to the EU stood at ?760 million (41.8%) and international exports to non-EU countries stood at ?725 million (39.9%).Exports (2019) – Life Sciences ClusterUpdated June 2022, next update tbcExports from the wider Life Sciences cluster stood at ?3.01 billion in 2019, up from ?2.97 billion in 2018.2Turnover/Gross Value Added (2020)Updated August 2022, next update June 2023In 2020, total turnover in the Life Sciences growth sector was ?3,219.3 million. Between 2019 and 2020, total turnover in this growth sector decreased by 7.0% in nominal terms.Gross Value Added for the Life Sciences growth sector was estimated at ?1,655.2 million in 2020, an increase of 4.0% compared to 2019 (?1,591.7 million).Turnover/Gross Value Added (2019) - Life Sciences ClusterUpdated May 2022, next update May 2023Total turnover for businesses in the wider Life Sciences cluster was estimated at ?7,411.7 million in 2019. Total turnover increased by 6.5% between 2018 and 2019. Gross Value Added for businesses in this wider cluster was estimated at ?3,110.1 million in 2019 and increased by 10.0% from the previous year.Enterprises (2021)Updated December 2021, next update January 2023In March 2021, there were 585 registered enterprises operating in the Life Sciences growth sector, representing 0.3% of all registered business in Scotland. In 2021, 88.9% of Scottish Life Sciences registered enterprises were small (0-49 employees), accounting for 20.5% of employment in this sector, whilst large enterprises (250+ employees) accounted for 5.1% of registered enterprises but 62.3% of employment.The majority of enterprises in the Life Sciences sector were UK owned with their registered office address in Scotland (85.5%), accounting for 28.2% of sector employment in 2020. 9.4% of businesses were registered abroad, but they accounted for 55.3% of employment in this sector.Enterprises (2019) - Life Sciences ClusterUpdated May 2022, next update May 2023In 2019, the wider Life Sciences sector comprised of 707 enterprises.Earnings (2021)Updated March 2022, next update January 2023Median weekly full time earnings across the Scottish Life Sciences growth sector stood at ?688.5 in 2021, which was higher than the Scottish average at ?622.4.Business Demography (2020)Updated March 2022, next update March 2023The number of registered business births (VAT/PAYE registrations) in the Life Sciences growth sector in Scotland was 60 in 2020, down from 65 in 2019. The business birth rate, which is the number of births as a percentage of active businesses, was 9.7%. In comparison, business births in Life Sciences across the UK increased by 10.9% between 2019 and 2020, with a birth rate of 11.4%.The number of business deaths (VAT/PAYE de-registrations) in the Life Sciences growth sector in Scotland increased from 45 in 2019 to 50 in 2020. The business death rate, which is the number of deaths as a percentage of active businesses, was 8.1%. In comparison, business deaths in Life Sciences across the UK decreased by 4.4% between 2019 and 2020, with a death rate of 8.1% also.Sources of informationGDP – Scottish Government Quarterly GDP Index.Employment – Business Register and Employment Survey.Exports – Export Statistics Scotland.Turnover & GVA - Scottish Annual Business Statistics.Enterprises – Inter Departmental Business Register.Earnings – Annual Survey of Hours & Earnings.Business Demography - Inter Departmental Business Register and ONS Business Demography.All data are available from the Growth Sector Statistics Database: percentages and percentage changes over time are calculated based on the rounded figures shown in the Growth Sector Statistics Database.Data for the Life Sciences Cluster is available from the Life Sciences Sourcebook: more information about the methodology behind the Growth Sector Statistics Database, please see the Methodology Note: ................
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