WHAT CONSTITUTES THE DIFFICULT DOCTOR



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Presented to:

Sir Sohail Sawani

Faculty of Financial Management

College of Business Management

Karachi.

Prepared By:

Shahid Raza Id # 2007-3-20-7289

Major: MHM

22. November .2008

Letter of Authorization

November 22, 2008

Dear Readers

I am the student of Health Management MBA program at Institute of Business Management (IoBM), where as my course requirement of Financial Management, I am authorized by Sir Sohail Sawani to submit this Term report.

The content of this report reflects the financial status of Mazza Pvt. Ltd. and I have tried my level best to present the valuable information gathered.

Sincerely

Shahid Raza

MHM

Letter of Transmittal

November 22, 2008

Sir Sohail Sawani

Course Facilitator

Institute of Business Management

Karachi

Dear Sir:

The report is on “Maaza Private Limited” which you authorized me to submit.

This informative report unveils the major aspects of Finance Department of Maaza Private limited; it also explain the financials of the company and methods which they used for handling day to day cash and inventory.

Review the report and if there is need for further clarification or elaboration, contact me at information below.

Sincerely

Shahid Raza

MHM 2007-3-20-7289

Cell: 0333-2705509

shahidnraza@

shahidnraza@

Letter of Acknowledgement

November 22, 2008

Dear Reader

I praise Allah All Mighty for giving me the courage and strength to complete the task of writing the report on “Maaza Private limited”. This report would be incomplete without the impeccable support and guidance received from Sir Sohail Sawani, our course facilitator of Financial Management at the IoBM.

I am thankful to the Administration, especially Assistant Administrator Syeda Mehwish Shah and Finance Manager, Mr. Lajpat Khatri of Maaza Private Limited for their utmost cooperation.

I am also very thankful to Mr. Syed Zahid Hussain Shah to help me in gathering data.

Sincerely

Shahid Raza

MHM

Page No.

A. Prefatory part:

Purpose of Study VI

B. Text of Report

1. Introduction

1. Brief Background of Company 01

2. Parent Group 02

3. Objectives 02

4. Core Business & Capabilities 02

5. Products 03

6. Departments 03

7. Organogramme 04

2. Finance

1. Overview 05

2. Finance Department Organogramme 05

3. Job Description of Finance Personnel 06

2.3.1 Finance Manager 06

2.3.2 Manager Accounts 07

2.3.3 Accounts Executive Receivable 07

2.3.4 Accounts Executive Payable 08

2.3.5 Accountant 08

2.3.6 Cashier 09

4. Financials 09

2.4.1 Cash Handling 10

2.4.2 Inventory Management 10

2.4.2.1 Pulp 11

2.4.2.2 Concentrate 11

2.4.3 Credit Policy 11

2.4.4 Some Financial Figures 11

3. SWOC ANALYSIS 12

4. Conclusions 14

5. Recommendations 14

1. Brief history of Company

The word Maaza comes from the Arabic word “Almaz”. The word used for Diamonds. The Brand Maaza was launched in 1970 by an American Indian Company known as “Maaza Beverages, Inc.” in New York, in cooperation with Parle Exporters Corporation of India.

The success of brand “Maaza” in the 70’s particularly the Gulf region was tremendous, which finally led to Union Beverages Factory, one of the companies of the Al Omran Group, to sign a Franchise Agreement in 1974, as the sole bottler of “Maaza” in the UAE, serving the Gulf Market and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The market expanded to cover Africa and Europe.

Negotiation to acquire full rights over the brand “Maaza” started in 1994 and concluded in 1995 by the Al Omran Group of Companies through its subsidiary Maaza International LLC, which acquired the rights for all markets in the Middle East, Africa, South and East Asia, Europe, Australasia and many other markets except North America and India.

Maaza International Co successfully registered the brand in various Middle East market, the Gulf Markets, Asia, Africa, Saudi Arabia, Jordan, Kuwait, Kenya, Oman, Yemen, Sudan, Armenia, among others. Maaza International Co. LLC has appointed franchise bottlers in more than 40 countries.

MAAZA Pakistan (Pvt) Ltd. was established in May 2002. It has the franchise of Maaza international LLC Dubai to produce juice products under its strict production and process standards under the brand “MAAZA”. Maaza Pakistan (Pvt) Ltd. Was incorporated under the companies’ ordinance on May 3, 2002.

1 Parent group

Al Omran Group of Companies is an International company based in United Arab Emirates, with subsidiaries that Includes:

• Maaza International LLC, UAE

• Gulf Construction Company, UAE

• Union Beverages Factory, UAE

• Mohammad Omran Trading Agency

• Al Omran Chemical & Plastic Industries

• Gulf Cancrafters (LLC)

• Interplast Co. Ltd.

• Gulf Union Juice Factory

1.3 objectives

1. Being a renowned beverages Industry, Company has to provide the international standards quality nutritional enriched juices to their consumer.

2. Get the stable Position in a market

3. Spread their products all over the country

4. Get More profit

1.4 core business & Capabilities

The company’s core business is manufacturing, bottling and marketing of fruit juices for which the company has a factory located in 4 acres of land with a production capacity of 6000 liters of juice per hour or 300 bottles per minute.

The company’s production capabilities include juices in PET bottles and soft drinks in PET bottles.

PET bottles are blown in-house with brand new blow molding machines using per-forms purchased from suppliers within Pakistan. Blowing capacity of all four below-molding machines is total of 12,000 bottles per hour.

1.5 products

Pulping Products (14 %)

• Mango

• Apple

• Guava

• Orange

Cool Up Concentrated

Natural (100%)

• Apple

• Pomegranate

• Guava

• Orange

Mineral water

• Apple

• Khaleej

• Cocktail

• Mango

• Lemon lime

• Orange

Products Available in

|1 x 12 Pack |

|1 x 24 Pack |

|1000 ml Bottle |

|1500 ml Bottle |

1.6 DEPARTMENTS

1. Administration & Human Resource Department

2. Manufacturing Department

3. Sales Department

4. Finance Department

5. Marketing Department

1.7 ORGANOGRAMME

2.1 OVERVIEW

Maaza Pakistan (Pvt) Ltd. has a finance department which covers all the concepts of finance like time, money and risk and how they are related. Al Omran group is the main facilitator of funding. They are managing the financial assets with careful attention to financial risk management to control financial risk.

They hired highly qualified personnel for their finance department. They have staff of eight people in finance department, out of these 6 are ICMA qualified and two are bachelor of commerce.

2.2 ORGANOGRAMME

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2.3 JOB Description

Finance Department

2.3.1 FINANCE MANAGER

• A financial manager is responsible to establish and maintain financial and management procedures for Maaza Pakistan (Pvt) Ltd.

• Ensure compliance with all regulatory requirements as relating to Company Rule & regulation.

• Providing financial advice and support to company to make sound business decisions.

• Clear budgetary planning is essential to be able to plan for the future, both short and long term; companies need to know the financial implications of any decision before proceeding.

• Financial managers may also be known as financial analysts or business analysts.

• Providing and interpreting financial information.

• Business modeling and forecasting.

• Monitoring performance and efficiency.

• Analyzing change and conducting risk assessment.

• Participating in strategic planning, and formulating long-term business plans.

• Pricing and competitor analysis.

• Developing complex finance models.

• Assessing the financial implications of new or existing ventures.

• Conducting reviews and evaluations for cost-reduction opportunities.

• Preparing accounts and reconciling balance sheets.

• Overseeing budgetary control.

• Monitoring cash flow.

• Supervising other staff.

2.3.2 MANAGER ACCOUNTS

• Apply professional accounting standards, methods and procedures to analyze and make recommendations concerning accuracy of accounting systems, management controls and operating procedures.

• Analyze, reconcile and consolidate vouchers, records, journals, ledgers and statements.

• Monitor expenditures to ensure compliance with budgetary recommendations.

• Review financial transactions and codes for conformance to standard procedures and accounts.

• Compile, analyze and prepare a variety of statements and reports for use in financial, budget and personnel planning.

• Develop cost projections based on past records and anticipated activities and makes fiscally sound recommendations.

• Apply standardized accounting principles and practices.

• Prepare and interpret a variety of financial reports and statements.

• Review and apply tax laws.

• Co-ordinate with the Finance Manager.

2.3.3 ACCOUNTS EXECUTIVE RECEIVABLE

• Assure timely collection of monies due to corporation.

• Monitor and report on deviations from credit standards.

• Assure timely and accurate invoicing.

• Manage cash application making sure all cash receipts are applied properly

• Assure that the companies standard template regarding invoice sample is in place for every customer

• Conduct credit checks on all customer, establish and manage limits

• Make recommendations to improve quality of invoicing and collection procedures.

• Weekly reporting of invoicing totals/aging totals/cash receipts/invoice adjustments

2.3.4 ACCOUNTS EXECUTIVE PAYABLE

• Manages accounting functions including maintenance of general ledger, accounts Payable, accounts receivable, and project accounting; ensures accuracy and timeliness.

• Develops implements and maintains systems, procedures and policies, including accounts payable functions to ensure adherence to company guidelines.

• Manages monthly closing of financial records and posting of month end information; ensures accuracy of financial statements.

• Enters status change information into project accounting software to ensure employee information is accurate and up to date.

• Provides accounting assistance to project managers and operations staff; responds to financial questions/concerns to meet business needs.

• Acts as a liaison between the company, government and external accountants to meet information needs and to ensure that proper information is maintained for historical purposes.

2.3.5 ACCOUTANT

• Analyze financial information and prepare financial reports to determine or maintain record of assets, liabilities, profit and loss, tax liability, or other financial activities within an organization.

• Compile and analyze financial information to prepare entries to accounts, such as general ledger accounts, and document business transactions.

• Establish, maintain, and coordinate the implementation of accounting and accounting control procedures.

• Explain billing invoices and accounting policies to staff, vendors and clients.

• Resolve accounting discrepancies.

• Other duties as assigned

2.3.6 CASHIER

• Handling of day to day cash

• Maintain salary record

• Maintain Bank transaction

• Daily cash closing report

• Weekly & Monthly cash report

• Sales cash record.

2.4 Financials

According to the Finance Manager Mr. Lajpat Khatri, they are facing a severe financial crunch. Since the operation of Maaza in Pakistan they never generate a profit in a single year. They are suffering a seriously financial losses and the owner of Maaza Pakistan (Pvt) Ltd. generating revenue from its other companies and he is trying to make this company as profitable company. The Chairman of Maaza Pakistan (Pvt) Ltd. Mr. Mohammad Omran invests 350 million in running year and planning for 50 million more in the coming year.

They are not giving me their Last year’s financial reports by giving me two arguments.

1. They are private limited company, so they are not supposed to disclose their financial record.

2. The company facing series of losing of losses in past years that’s why they are making their statement Public.

Mr. Khatri discloses information of Finance department on the term of not to ask the written record.

1. CASH HANDLING

They are doing their business on 100% advance payment. Once they get payment for the order then they dispatch the goods. They avoid direct cash and handle the day to day cash in the form of

a. Pay Order

b. Demand Draft

c. Cheques

d. Online Transaction etc…

It means they are handling the cash through Banks.

They are now doing direct sale in the local market through their 10 vehicles. In this vehicle they have a staff of three persons.

a. Stock In charge

b. Security Guard

c. Driver

The cashier is the responsible for checking the stock which goes out in the morning and collects the amount for sale stock and counts the remaining stock and kept it in store. They are doing through own build Performa. Once the cashier collects the amount he deposited that amount in the bank on next day.

2.4.2 Inventory Management

The company previously stores the pulp of the seasonal fruits in their cold storage so they have their own inventory for their whole year. But they change the pattern and shut down the operation of storing pulp in the cold storage and now they purchased their raw material from the market.

2.4.2.1 FOR PULP

• They have the stock of 30 days

• They book their order on monthly basis.

• The lead time for lead time is 2 to 3 days. Stock can also be available on 24 hour prompt request.

• They have the safety stock of 1 week to 15 days.

2.4.2.2 FOR CONCENTRATE

• It is originated in Sharjah in Maaza International LLC.

• They have a stock of 3 months.

• The lead time for the concentrate is 30 to 40 days.

• They have a safety stock of 20 to 30 days.

They store their finish goods of 2 months as an additional safety stock in case of any emergency to fulfill the demand of market.

2.4.3 CREDIT POLICY

They are recently started to supply goods in the market on credit basis. They are doing this on very limited scale and supply their product only to renowned Retailers like Makro, D-Mart, Agha’s etc… They supply their products on 30 days credit terms.

4. SOME FINANCIAL FIGURES

Sales in the years 2007 1.85 million

Inventory Turnover 30-40 days

Current Ratio Not even one

Quick Ratio Not even one

Total Asset Turnover 0.1

Average collection period 30 days

Profit Margin on sale Negative

3. SWOC Analysis

Strength

The strengths of Maaza Pakistan (Pvt) Ltd are:

6. They are renowned in the local as well as international market for their Mango Juices

7. They are backed by the Al-Omran group of companies which make them financial very strong.

8. They are the pioneer locally producing company to provide juice in PET bottle.

WEAKNESS

1. They are lacking in their long term planning because they are storing their whole year stock in their cold storage but they shut down this operation without any reason and now again they plan to start that process.

2. No body knows about their future product / upcoming product because they told me that they going to launch Yakhnee and Tomato Ketchup in near future. When I ask them why you are doing so they said that it’s our chairman order. On my personal analysis it is neither the By-Product of any of their Original product nor they are experienced in this field.

3. They are shifting their business from Korangi to Makli (Thatta). It means they are moving from the Hub of business.

4. Weak distribution channels.

5. No Research and Development Department

OPPORTUNITY

1. They have an opportunity to penetrate in the market of Afghanistan & Bangladesh.

2. If they launched their juice in cans then they are only local company to produce juices in cans at low price. So they can beat the RANI because they importing their product from abroad.

3. They have an opportunity to launched Pineapple Juice because there is no Pineapple juice available in the market.

4. They have carbonated line, so they can enters in the market of carbonated drinks.

CHALLENGES

1. They had to over come from their series of Losses since they established their business in the market.

2. Shifting from Korangi to Makli will affect their sales.

3. New competitors are arrived in the market in the form of Coca Cola.

SWOC ANALYSIS

1. Renowned for Mango Juice 1. Lack of Long term Planning

2. Backed by Al Omran Group 2. No body Know about Future

product.

3. Pioneer local company to 3. Shift from Korangi to Makli

provide juice in PET bottle

4. Weak distribution channels

5. No R&D department

1. Penetrate in the market of 1. Over come the Financial Crisis

Afghanistan & Bangladesh.

2. Juice in cans at low price 2. Shifting affect their sales

3. Launched Pineapple Juice 3. New competitors

4. Enters in the market of carbonated drinks.

4. CONCLUSION

Maaza Pakistan (Pvt) limited operating with handsome budget but they are not generating profit since they enters in the market. Following are the conclusions which I drawn during my report.

1. Maaza Pakistan (Pvt) limited does not focus on their mainstream products. They are trying to develop new product.

2. They are low in communication through electronic media as well as print media.

3. Autocratic types of decision making

4. Lack of awareness in workers about their own product.

5. Hygienic conditions are not satisfactory.

6. Lack of motivation in the staff.

7. They have very weak distribution channels in interior Sindh.

5. RECOMMENDATION

1. Maaza Pakistan (Pvt) limited should focus on their main stream product and try to develop strong distribution channel in the market of interior Sindh.

2. Maaza Pakistan (Pvt) limited should be fast in communication through electronic and print media.

3. Maaza Pakistan (Pvt) limited should develop Research and Development Department.

4. Market Research should be done before launching a new product.

5. Motivational skill should be performed among the staff.

6. Maaza Pakistan (Pvt) limited should share new ideas with their staff regarding product width.

7. Maaza International should consult Maaza Pakistan (Pvt) limited’s Management before implementing changes within their company.

8. Hygienic conditions should be improved for better work place environment.[pic][pic]

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Accountant

Accounts Executive Payable

Mr. Narish Kumar

Accounts Executive Receivable

Miss Kulsom Ali

Assistant Manager Accounts

Mr. Mohammad Arif

Cashier

Mr. Mohammad Ashraf

Manager Account

Mr. Narsing Das

Finance Manager

Mr. Lajpat Khatri

Finance Manager

Mr. Lajpat Khatri

G. M Admin, Purchase, HR Logistic & Store

Syed Sohail Ahmed

G M

Makli Plant

Mr. Nasir Mushtaq

G M Operation & Sales (Korangi)

Mr. Salim Yousuf

COO

(Pakistan)

Mr. Fostinio Mansing

Technical Director

P. S. Dhawan

Marketing Consultant

Mr. Samir

Financial Controller

D. K. Dhawan

Board of Director

Hussain Rahma

Hussain AL Zaabi

Board of Director

Omran Mohammad

Abdullah Omran

AL Omran

Board of Director

Mohammad Abdullah

Omran AL Omran

Chairman

Mohammad Omran

Junior Accountant

Mr. Abdul Latif

Production

Head

Engineer

Blow Molding

Maintenance

Head

Maintenance

Head

Production

Head

Assistant Manager Store

Arif Hassan

Assistant Manager

Admin, Purchase, HR & Logistic

Syeda Mehwish Shah

Manager Quality Control

9. Manager Quality Contro

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