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QuadcopterQuad copter, quad rotor is a four rotors machine that can fly. Its working principle is as shown:Principle:3892551647825 1: Two diagonally opposite rotors are rotating in same direction. The two consecutive rotors will have direction opposite to each other. Hence the torque is cancelled and the net thrust is upward.2. The Idea for direction control is Simple. The direction you want to move the Quad copter, slowdown that side Motor and speed up the corresponding opposite motor.3. The Direction control, and rotational is given in fig .Motors Used: There are options for Motors as:Brushless Motor:The most preferred motor for a quad copter is brushless motor, for its high Rpm/Volt, High thrust. But this is of very high cost and need of the Electronic speed controller. These are the following Brushless DC Motors:FeaturesBrushless DCServomotorsFlat BrushlessDC MotorsBrushless DC MicromotorsBrushless DC Motorswith IntegratedSpeed ControllerMotion Control SystemsNominal Voltage6 ... 48 V0 ... 12 V?3 ... 6 V9 ... 24 V24 VNo Load Speedup to 100,000 rpm20,000 ... 60,000 rpm?15,000 ... 100,000 rpm1,000 ... 16,000 rpm1.,500 rpmRated Torque0.37 ... 202 mNm0.05 ... 5 mNm?0.012 ... 41 mNm1.8 ... 58 mNm160 mNmWeight2.5 ... 750 g1 ... 3 g?0.09 ... 2 g16 ... 305 g440 gLinks to DataSheets?[Click Here][Click Here][Click Here][Click Here][Click Here]?Coreless Motor:I am thinking to use Coreless Motor, It is having good rpm/v for no load, and for a small quadcopter these may be good choice. The example of the quadcopter made by Coreless Motor is Hubsan X4.Figure SEQ Figure \* ARABIC 1 Hubsan X4 quadcopter, palm sizeThese are following coreless DC motors:FeaturesCoreless DC MotorsFlat Coreless DC MotorsHigh Power PMDC MotorsCommutationPrecious Metal or GraphitePrecious MetalGraphiteNominal Voltage1,5 ... 48 Volt2 ... 12 Volt24 ... 180 VoltSpeed5000 ... 13000 rpm5500 ... 10000 rpm3000 ... 6000 rpmContinuous Torque0.11 ... 110 mNm0.05 ... 3.0 mNmLinks to Data Sheets[Coreless DC Motors Data Sheets][Flat Coreless DC Motors Data Sheets][High Power PMDC Motors Data Sheets]?Choice of Controller:The choice of controller depends upon two main things: PWM Technique for Controlling:As discussed in Principle of working, we need to slowdown or speedup the motor according to the need of direction in which it has to be moved. Lager the On time, More fast the DC Motor will rotate.The PWM can be implemented in 8051 type microcontroller,(Same as example of flashing LEDs)Remote Control:As the flying object should be remote controlled, and RF module must be used. Here is on question mark that “How to interface a RF module with The 8051?”:Can we use a single transmit and receive pin for the data sending and receiving with the RF module? And we have to use a single channel RF module and then How the signal for the four motors can be send for by a serial Data communication. Figure SEQ Figure \* ARABIC 2, SImple block diagram for Motor control using RF moduleFigure SEQ Figure \* ARABIC 3, Circuit diagram for a RF Tx and RxFigure SEQ Figure \* ARABIC 4, Transmission of data in 8051 for motor controlFigure SEQ Figure \* ARABIC 5, Example Program for receiving data with 8051 ................
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