Sandoz Fentanyl Patch Product Monograph

[Pages:30]PRODUCT MONOGRAPH

N SANDOZ FENTANYL PATCH

Fentanyl Transdermal System

12 mcg/h 25 mcg/h 37 mcg/h 50 mcg/h 75 mcg/h 100 mcg/h

Opioid Analgesic

Sandoz Canada Inc. 110 Rue de Lauzon Boucherville, Quebec, Canada J4B 1E6

Submission Control No.: 225917

Date of Revision: May 21, 2019

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Table of Contents

PART I: HEALTH PROFESSIONAL INFORMATION ..........................................................3

SUMMARY PRODUCT INFORMATION .................................................................................3 INDICATIONS AND CLINICAL USE.......................................................................................3 CONTRAINDICATIONS ............................................................................................................ 4 WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS ..........................................................................................5 ADVERSE REACTIONS ..........................................................................................................17 DRUG INTERACTIONS...........................................................................................................20 DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION.......................................................................................22 OVERDOSAGE ......................................................................................................................... 28 ACTION AND CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY .....................................................................29 STORAGE AND STABILITY...................................................................................................32 SPECIAL HANDLING INSTRUCTIONS ................................................................................32 DOSAGE FORMS, COMPOSITION AND PACKAGING ......................................................32

PART II: SCIENTIFIC INFORMATION ................................................................................34

PHARMACEUTICAL INFORMATION ..................................................................................34 CLINICAL TRIALS ..................................................................................................................34 DETAILED PHARMACOLOGY..............................................................................................36 TOXICOLOGY .......................................................................................................................... 39 REFERENCES ........................................................................................................................... 41

PATIENT MEDICATION INFORMATION ...........................................................................44

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N Sandoz Fentanyl Patch

Fentanyl Transdermal System 12 mcg/h, 25 mcg/h, 37 mcg/h, 50 mcg/h, 75 mcg/h, and 100 mcg/h

Opioid Analgesic

PART I: HEALTH PROFESSIONAL INFORMATION

SUMMARY PRODUCT INFORMATION

Route of Administration Transdermal

Dosage Form/ Strength

Patches; 12 mcg/h, 25 mcg/h, 37 mcg/h, 50 mcg/h, 75 mcg/h, and 100 mcg/h

Nonmedicinal Ingredients

acrylic-vinylacetate copolymer adhesive, polyethyleneterephthalate backing foil, and siliconized polyethyleneterephthalate release liner

INDICATIONS AND CLINICAL USE

Adults Sandoz Fentanyl Patch (fentanyl transdermal system) is indicated for the management of pain severe enough to require daily, continuous, long-term opioid treatment, and: ? that is opioid-responsive; and ? for which alternative options are inadequate.

Only for use in patients who are already receiving opioid therapy at a total daily dose of at least 60 mg/day morphine equivalents.

Sandoz Fentanyl Patch is not indicated as an as-needed (prn) analgesic.

The initial dose of Sandoz Fentanyl Patch should be obtained or calculated from the conversion tables (see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION), and must not be higher than that dose which is equivalent to the total dose of opioids the patient is receiving at the time of the switch to the patch.

Because serious or life-threatening hypoventilation could occur, Sandoz Fentanyl Patch should not

be used in:

?

non-opioid-tolerant patients

?

the management of postoperative pain

Pediatrics ( 18 years of age): The safety and efficacy of fentanyl transdermal system has not been studied in the pediatric population. Therefore, the use of Sandoz Fentanyl Patch in patients under 18 years of age is not recommended. Life-threatening hypoventilation has been reported in some pediatric patients

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receiving fentanyl transdermal system.

Geriatrics ( 65 years of age): In elderly, cachectic, or debilitated patients, fentanyl transdermal system may have altered pharmacokinetics due to poor fat stores, muscle wasting or altered clearance. In general, dose selection for an elderly patient should be cautious, usually starting at the low end of the dosing range, reflecting the greater frequency of decreased hepatic, renal, or cardiac function, concomitant disease or other drug therapy (see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION). Therefore, it may be appropriate, according to clinical judgment, to initiate these patients on a lower Sandoz Fentanyl Patch dose than that which the conversion tables recommend, including the use of the 12 mcg/h dose by itself or in combination with another dose, provided the patient is not opioid-naive (see CONTRAINDICATIONS). The 12 mcg/h strength may also be used for dose titration up or down, as using small increments for dose adjustment is recommended to enhance tolerability of opioid therapy (see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION).

CONTRAINDICATIONS

Because serious or life-threatening hypoventilation could occur, Sandoz Fentanyl Patch is contraindicated in: 1) patients with acute or perioperative pain, especially use in out-patient or day surgeries (see

WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS, Perioperative Considerations); 2) patients with mild, intermittent or short duration pain that can otherwise be managed; 3) opioid-naive patients, at any dose; 4) situations of significant respiratory depression, especially in unmonitored settings where there

is a lack of resuscitative equipment; 5) patients who have acute or severe bronchial asthma; 6) patients who are hypersensitive to the active substance (fentanyl) or other opioid analgesics

or to any ingredient in the formulation. For a complete listing, see the DOSAGE FORMS, COMPOSITION AND PACKAGING section of the Product Monograph; 7) patients with known or suspected mechanical gastrointestinal obstruction (e.g., bowel obstruction, strictures) or any diseases/conditions that affect bowel transit (e.g., ileus of any type); 8) patients with suspected surgical abdomen (e.g., acute appendicitis or pancreatitis); 9) patients with acute alcoholism, delirium tremens, and convulsive disorders; 10) patients with severe CNS depression, increased cerebrospinal or intracranial pressure, and head injury; 11) patients taking monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors (or within 14 days of such therapy); 12) women who are breast-feeding, pregnant, or during labour and delivery (see SERIOUS WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS and WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS).

Because serious or life-threatening hypoventilation could occur, the maximum initiation dose of Sandoz Fentanyl Patch should not be higher than that equivalent to the total dose of opioids the patient is receiving at the time of the switch (see conversion tables in DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION).

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WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS

SERIOUS WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS

Limitations of Use Because of the risks of addiction, abuse, and misuse with opioids, even at recommended doses, and because of the greater risks of overdose and death with extended-release opioid formulations, Sandoz Fentanyl Patch should only be used in patients for whom alternative treatment options are ineffective or not tolerated (e.g., non-opioid analgesics), or would be otherwise inadequate to provide sufficient management of pain (e.g., immediate-release opioids) (see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION).

Addiction, Abuse, and Misuse Sandoz Fentanyl Patch poses risks of opioid addiction, abuse, and misuse, which can lead to overdose and death. Each patient's risk should be assessed prior to prescribing Sandoz Fentanyl Patch, and all patients should be monitored regularly for the development of these behaviours or conditions (see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS). Sandoz Fentanyl Patch should be stored securely to avoid theft or misuse.

Life-threatening Respiratory Depression: OVERDOSE Serious, life-threatening, or fatal respiratory depression may occur with use of Sandoz Fentanyl Patch. Infants exposed in-utero or through breast milk are at risk of lifethreatening respiratory depression upon delivery or when nursed. Patients should be monitored for respiratory depression, especially during initiation of Sandoz Fentanyl Patch or following a dose increase. Placing Sandoz Fentanyl Patch in the mouth, chewing it, swallowing it or using it in any way other than indicated may cause choking or overdose that could result in death (see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS). Further, instruct patients of the hazards related to taking opioids: addiction, tolerance and fatal overdose.

Accidental Exposure Serious medical consequences, including death, may occur if people, especially children, are accidentally exposed to Sandoz Fentanyl Patch. Examples of accidental exposure include transfer of Sandoz Fentanyl Patch while hugging, sharing a bed, or moving a patient (see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION subsection Disposal of Sandoz Fentanyl Patch, for instructions on proper disposal).

Neonatal Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome Prolonged maternal use of Sandoz Fentanyl Patch during pregnancy can result in neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome, which may be life-threatening (see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS).

Interactions with Alcohol The co-ingestion of alcohol with Sandoz Fentanyl Patch should be avoided as it may result in dangerous additive effects, causing serious injury or death (see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS and DRUG INTERACTIONS).

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Risks From Concomitant Use with Benzodiazepines or Other CNS Depressants Concomitant use of opioids with benzodiazepines or other CNS depressants, including alcohol, may result in profound sedation, respiratory depression, coma, and death (see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS, Neurologic and DRUG INTERACTIONS). Reserve concomitant prescribing of Sandoz Fentanyl Patch and benzodiazepines or

other CNS depressants for use in patients for whom alternative treatment options are inadequate. Limit dosages and durations to the minimum required. Follow patients for signs and symptoms of respiratory depression and sedation.

General Use in non-opioid-tolerant patients, or use of an initiating dose which is higher than the opioid equivalent to which the patient is tolerant at the time of the switch, may lead to fatal respiratory depression.

The following contraindications reduce the potential risk of serious or life-threatening hypoventilation: Sandoz Fentanyl Patch should not be used in the management of acute or postoperative pain since there is no opportunity for dose titration during short-term use and serious or life-threatening hypoventilation could result. Similarly, Sandoz Fentanyl Patch should not be administered to patients who do not have some degree of tolerance to opioidinduced side effects. Sandoz Fentanyl Patch should ONLY be prescribed to patients who require continuous opioids for pain management, and who are tolerant to at least the morphine equivalent of the lowest initiating Sandoz Fentanyl Patch dose.

The initial dose of Sandoz Fentanyl Patch should be obtained from the conversion tables in DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION, and must not be higher than that dose which is equivalent to the total dose of opioids the patient is receiving at the time of the switch to the patch. It may be appropriate, according to clinical judgment, to initiate some patients on a lower Sandoz Fentanyl Patch dose than that which the conversion tables recommend, which may include use of the 12 mcg/h dose. Opioid-naive patients should not be given Sandoz Fentanyl Patch at any dose, inclusive of 12 mcg/h (see CONTRAINDICATIONS). In general, the 12 mcg/h dose, which allows for smaller dose increases than does the 25 mcg/h patch, is to be used for titration/adjustments of dosage (see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION).

Sandoz Fentanyl Patch should only be prescribed by persons knowledgeable in the continuous administration of potent opioids, in the management of patients receiving potent opioids for treatment of pain, and in the detection and management of respiratory depression including the use of opioid antagonists.

PATIENTS WHO HAVE EXPERIENCED SERIOUS ADVERSE EVENTS SHOULD BE MONITORED FOR AT LEAST 24 HOURS AFTER SANDOZ FENTANYL PATCH REMOVAL, OR MORE, AS CLINICAL SYMPTOMS DICTATE, BECAUSE SERUM

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FENTANYL CONCENTRATIONS DECLINE GRADUALLY AND ARE REDUCED BY ABOUT 50% 20 TO 27 HOURS LATER.

Due to the formation of a subcutaneous depot of fentanyl, not only does continued exposure occur after system removal but, in the case of removal prior to attainment of peak fentanyl exposure, fentanyl plasma levels may, in fact, continue to increase after removal of Sandoz Fentanyl Patch.

Sandoz Fentanyl Patch is intended for transdermal use on intact skin only; use on compromised skin can lead to increased exposure to fentanyl.

Risk of Unintentional Increase in Drug Exposure Patients with Fever: Serum fentanyl concentrations could theoretically increase by approximately one-third for patients with a body temperature of 40?C (104?F) due to temperaturedependent increases in fentanyl release from the system and increased skin permeability. Patients who develop fever should be monitored for opioid side effects and have their Sandoz Fentanyl Patch dose adjusted if necessary.

External Heat Sources: There is a potential for temperature-dependent increases in fentanyl released from the system resulting in possible overdose and death. A clinical pharmacology trial conducted in healthy adult subjects has shown that the application of heat over the fentanyl transdermal system increased mean fentanyl AUC values by 120% and mean Cmax values by 61%. All patients should be advised to avoid exposing the Sandoz Fentanyl Patch application site to direct external heat sources, such as heating pads, electric blankets, heated water beds, heat lamps, hot water bottles, saunas and hot whirlpool spa baths, intensive sunbathing, etc.

Cardiovascular Cardiac disease: Intravenous fentanyl may produce bradycardia. Sandoz Fentanyl Patch should be administered with caution to patients with bradyarrhythmias.

Hypotension: Fentanyl may result in severe hypotension in patients whose ability to maintain adequate blood pressure is compromised by reduced blood volume, or the concurrent administration of drugs such as phenothazines and other tranquilizers, sedative/hypnotics, tricyclic antidepressants or certain anesthetics (see also DRUG INTERACTIONS). These patients should be monitored for signs of hypotension after initiating or titrating the dose of Sandoz Fentanyl Patch. The use of Sandoz Fentanyl Patch in patients with circulatory shock should be avoided as it may cause vasodilation that can further reduce cardiac output and blood pressure. Fentanyl may also produce orthostatic hypotension in ambulatory patients.

Concomitant Use of CYP3A4 Inhibitors and Inducers The concomitant use of Sandoz Fentanyl Patch with potent cytochrome P450 3A4 inhibitors (including, but not limited to, ritonavir, ketoconazole, itraconazole, troleandomycin, clarithromycin, nelfinavir, nefazodone, verapamil, diltiazem, amiodarone, amprenavir,

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fosamprenavir, aprepitant, fluconazole, erythromycin, and grapefruit juice) may result in an increase in fentanyl plasma concentrations, which could increase or prolong adverse drug effects and may cause potentially fatal respiratory depression. In this situation, close monitoring and observation are appropriate. Therefore, the concomitant use of Sandoz Fentanyl Patch and CYP3A4 inhibitors is not recommended unless the patient is closely monitored, for an extended period of time, for signs of respiratory depression, with dosage adjustments made as warranted (see DRUG INTERACTIONS).

Similarly, discontinuation of a CYP3A4 inducer, such as rifampin, carbamazepine, and phenytoin, in DURAGESIC?-treated patients may increase fentanyl plasma concentrations and prolong opioid adverse reactions including respiratory depression. When using Sandoz Fentanyl Patch with CYP3A4 inducers, monitor patients closely at frequent intervals and consider increasing the opioid dosage if needed to maintain adequate analgesia or if symptoms of opioid withdrawal occur (see DRUG INTERACTIONS).

Addiction, Abuse and Misuse Sandoz Fentanyl Patch is a potential drug of abuse and misuse, which can lead to overdose and death. Therefore, Sandoz Fentanyl Patch should be prescribed and handled with caution.

Patients should be assessed for their clinical risks for opioid abuse or addiction prior to being prescribed opioids. All patients receiving opioids should be routinely monitored for signs of misuse and abuse.

Opioids, such as Sandoz Fentanyl Patch, should be used with particular care in patients with a history of alcohol and illicit/prescription drug abuse. However, concerns about abuse, addiction, and diversion should not prevent the proper management of pain.

Since Sandoz Fentanyl Patch may be diverted for non-medical use, careful record keeping of prescribing information, including quantity, frequency, and renewal requests is strongly advised. Proper assessment of the patient, proper prescribing practices, periodic re-evaluation of therapy, and proper dispensing and storage are appropriate measures that help to limit abuse of opioid drugs (see Dependence/Tolerance).

Dependence/Tolerance As with other opioids, tolerance and physical dependence may develop upon repeated administration of Sandoz Fentanyl Patch and there is a potential for development of psychological dependence. Risks are increased in patients with a personal or family history of substance abuse (including drug or alcohol abuse or addiction) or mental illness (e.g. major depression).

Physical dependence and tolerance reflect the neuroadaptation of the opiate receptors to chronic exposure to an opiate, and are separate and distinct from abuse and addiction. Tolerance, as well as physical dependence, may develop upon repeated administration of opioids, and are not by themselves evidence of an addictive disorder or abuse.

Patients on prolonged therapy should be tapered gradually from the drug if it is no longer required for pain control. Withdrawal symptoms may occur following abrupt discontinuation of therapy or upon administration of an opioid antagonist. Some of the symptoms that may be

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