Second Grade



CFISD First Grade Math

Fractions

| |Teacher Notes |Page # |

|Unit Title |Equal or Unequal Parts |2 |

| | | |

| |Halves |4 |

| | | |

| |Fourths |7 |

|TEKS |1.6 G Partition two-dimensional figures into two and four fair shares or equal parts and describe| |

| |the parts using words | |

| | | |

| |1.6 H Identify examples and non-examples of halves and fourths | |

|Vocabulary |Equal, unequal, half, halves, fourth, fourths, equal parts, | |

| |equal shares | |

|Tips for Teachers |Essential Understandings: | |

| |You will need to discuss the terms 1 half and halves as part of a whole. | |

| |When discussing four equal parts of a whole, discuss 1 fourth and 1 quarter. | |

| |Four equal parts can also be described as 4 quarters. | |

| |Use all these terms throughout this unit. | |

| | | |

| |Computer Games: | |

| | | |

| |Literature Suggestions | |

| | | |

| | | |

| | | |

| | |6 |

|Fact Fluency |Please practice these activities that support the CFISD Fact Fluency Plan. All of the following | |

| |activities can be found in the book Mastering the Basic Math Facts in Addition and Subtraction by| |

| |O’Connell and Sangiovanni. | |

| |Halves Race p. 90 | |

| |Halves Memory p. 91 | |

First Grade Teacher Notes

Fractions

Equal and Unequal Parts

TEKS:

1.6G Partition two-dimensional figures into two and four fair shares or equal parts and describe the parts using words

1.6H Identify examples and non-examples of halves and fourths

Materials:

Fraction PowerPoint presentation (resource)

Construction paper

Scissors

Die-cut shapes of circles, squares, and rectangles (enough for your lesson and small group activity)

Understanding Equal and Unequal Parts sheet (resource)

Equal Parts Practice sheet (resource)

Instruction:

Solve this problem using number sense:

Mathematicians, we are going to look at shapes in a new way. Take a look at this piece of construction paper. Let’s say that I need to share this piece of paper with a partner. How can I do that? Tell your partner what you would do to share this paper with them.

I would need to cut this paper to make two pieces, but to be fair to my partner, I would want them to be equal. When something is equal it means that they are exactly the same size. I am going to fold the paper where the four vertices meet. I’m folding it in half. Then I will cut the paper on the folded line. How can I make sure that both pieces of paper are equal shares?

I can lay them on top of each other to see if they are equal.

Do this presentation with a paper circle, a paper square, and a paper triangle.

Equal parts can be represented with more than 2 equal pieces. Think about a pizza. (Draw a circle on the board) What if I wanted to share this pizza with three friends and myself? How can I make it into four equal shares?

My pizza might look like this.

Would that give you and your friends equal shares?

How can you tell?

Let’s look at some other shapes to see the difference between a shape that is separated into equal parts and unequal parts.

(Project the Fractions PowerPoint presentation)

Have the students draw a circle around the shapes that represent equal parts and draw an “X” on the shapes that represent unequal parts.

Practice:

Group #1: Independent-

Students will complete the Understanding Equal and Unequal Parts sheet.

Group #2: Partners-

Partners will play a previous activity for review.

Group #3: Small Group Instruction-

Students will complete the Equal Parts practice sheet. Read the questions to the small group and have them select the best answer. This would be a good time to assess this objective.

Monitor for understanding and record your observations.

First Grade Teacher Notes

Fractions

Halves

TEKS:

1.6G Partition two-dimensional figures into two and four fair shares or equal parts and describe the parts using words

1.6H Identify examples and non-examples of halves and fourths

Materials:

Construction paper

Scissors

Glue

Shape tracers (squares, rectangles, and circles)

Die-cut shapes of circles, squares, and rectangles (enough for your lesson and small group activity)

Straight edge or rulers for dividing shapes in half

1 Half of the Whole sheet (resource)

Instruction:

Solve this problem using number sense:

Joey has 40 gumballs. His friend Gus has 10 less gumballs than he does. How many gumballs does Gus have?

If Joey still has 40 gumballs and his friend Xavier has 10 more than Joey, how many does Xavier have?

Today mathematicians, we are going to look at equal parts. Here is a sheet of paper that is divided into 2 equal parts or shares. Another way to describe this is to say that the paper is divided in half or 2 halves. The 2 halves make 1 whole.

|1 Half |1 Half |

Pass out construction paper to each student and have them demonstrate making 1 whole into 2 halves.

I’m going to color one part of this. This means I colored half of the whole. The colored part is I one half of the whole.

|1 Half |1 Half |

This shows 1 half of the whole.

(Project the Fraction PowerPoint, slide 2.)

Now we will look at some shapes and determine if the whole is separated into 2 halves.

(Project the Fraction PowerPoint, slide 3.)

Circle the shapes that are showing the whole separated into halves.

(Project the Fraction PowerPoint, slide 4.)

Using smart board pens or dry erase markers on your white board, have the students color in 1 half of the shapes that are divided into halves.

Practice:

Group #1: Independent-

Students will trace and cut out a shape of their choice on construction paper. They will then fold the shape in half to display the two halves of the shape. They will then cut the shape to show the two halves and glue it on a piece of paper. Have them label their picture to represent the half and the whole.

Group #2: Partners-

The students will complete the 1 Half of the Whole sheet. One partner will divide a chosen shape in half by drawing a line with a dry erase marker. The other partner will color in one half with a dry erase marker and then switch roles.

Group #3: Small Group Instruction-

Using paper shapes, guide students to represent equal parts in halves. The teacher will describe a real-life situation and the students should divide their shape into equal parts.

Example:

- I have a cookie cake that I would like to share with my best friend. How can I give my friend and I equal parts of the cookie cake?

Monitor for understanding and record your observations.

Remember to include literature in your fraction unit; The Doorbell Rang is a wonderful book to introduce the concept of equal parts.

Here are others you may have:

[pic]

First Grade Teacher Notes

Fractions

Fourths

TEKS:

1.6G Partition two-dimensional figures into two and four fair shares or equal parts and describe the parts using words

1.6H Identify examples and non-examples of halves and fourths

Materials:

Construction paper

Scissors

Glue

Shape tracers (squares, rectangles, and circles)

Die-cut shapes of circles, squares, and rectangles (enough for your lesson and small group activity)

Straight edge or rulers for dividing shapes in fourths

1 Quarter of the Whole sheet (resource)

Instruction:

Solve this problem using number sense:

Melissa invited 5 girls and 5 boys to her swimming party. 2 girls did not show up. How many of her friends went to her party?

Today mathematicians we will explore some more with equal parts. Yesterday we looked at halves. Turn and tell your partner what you remember about halves.

This time we will look at equal parts that are divided into 4 equal parts. That means that the whole is separated into fourths. You can also say that the shape is divided into quarters.

We saw some shapes like that when we learned about equal and unequal parts. Let me show you with a piece of paper.

Fold your paper to show fourths then invite the students to demonstrate the same process.

|1 fourth |1 fourth |1 fourth |1 fourth |

|or |or |or |or |

|1 quarter |1 quarter |1 quarter |1 quarter |

With another sheet of paper, I can show you another way to divide a whole into fourths.

|1 fourth |1 fourth |

|1 fourth |1 fourth |

Both ways show fourths or quarters, but why? Discuss with your partner.

As long as all 4 parts of the whole are equal, it is divided into fourths or quarters.

(Project the Fraction PowerPoint, slide 5.)

Why are all these shapes showing fourths?

Now we will look at some shapes and determine if the whole is separated into fourths.

(Project the Fraction PowerPoint, slide 6.)

Circle the shapes that are showing the whole separated into fourths.

(Project the Fraction PowerPoint, slide 7.)

Using smart board pens or dry erase markers on your white board, have the students color in 1 fourth, or a quarter, of the shapes that are divided into four equal parts of the whole.

Practice:

Group #1: Independent-

Students will trace and cut out a shape of their choice on construction paper. Students will fold the shape into quarters to display the fourths of the shape. They will then cut the shape to show the fourths and glue it on a piece of paper. Have them label their picture to represent the fourths and the whole.

Group #2: Partners-

The students will complete the 1 Quarter of the Whole sheet. One partner will divide a chosen shape in quarters by drawing lines with a dry erase marker. The other partner will color in one fourth with a dry erase marker and then switch roles.

Group #3: Small Group Instruction-

Review and reteach the concept of halves and fourths as needed.

Monitor for understanding and record your observations

Sample Problems: Part of a Whole

Which shape has equal parts?

A. C.

B. D.

Rodney and his family ordered some pizzas for a party. Which pizza is cut into equal parts?

A. C.

B. D.

How many equal parts are in this shape?

| |

| |

| |

| |

A. 8

B. 4

C. 3

Janice wants to share a candy bar with her 3 best friends. What will the candy bar look like if she gives a piece to her 3 friends and herself?

Candy Bar

| | |

A.

| | | |

B.

| | | | |

C.

Which sandwich is cut into halves?

A.

B.

C.

Which pizza is cut into quarters?

A. C.

B. D.

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2 halves make 1 whole

1 half

1 half

2 halves make 1 whole.

The 2 halves are equal.

4 fourths of 1 whole.

4 quarters of 1 whole.

4 fourths of 1 whole.

4 quarters of 1 whole.

1 fourth

Or

1 quarter

1 fourth

Or

1 quarter

1 fourth

Or

1 quarter

1 fourth

Or

1 quarter

4 quarters make 1 whole.

4 fourths make 1 whole.

The 4 quarters are equal.

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