Microsoft Word - RP 3.3 - Role of Experiences



Birth through 12 monthsComfort Stage13 through 24 monthsCompetence Stage25 through 36 monthsControl Stagebirth-4 monthsCoordinate sucking, swallowing and breathingFocus on object about 8 inches from face at birthTurn head in the direction of soundHold up head and chest while on tummyMovement is reflexive5-8 monthsUse fingers to feed selfFollow slow moving objects with eyesBring hand to mouth holding object or toyGrasp objects using entire hand (palmer grasp)Shake, squeeze, throw, drop and bang objectsTransfer an object from hand to handRoll from tummy to back and back to tummySit with supportSit independentlyPush up onto hands and kneesConsistency Stage 9-12 monthsUse thumb and forefinger to pick up objects (pincer grasp)Stack objectsCrawl and pull self-up to standingWalk with support13-18 monthsHelp feed selfCooperate with dressing by extending arm or legScribble on paper with marker/crayonTake objects in/out of containerCarry toysThrow objects forwardCrawl skillfully and quicklyBegin to walk unassisted, yet may not be able to maneuver around obstaclesAttempt to run, but have trouble stoppingPush and pull toys while walking19-24 monthsFeed self accurately with spoonScribble with more controlManipulate toys and objects that require simple twisting, turning, pulling, sliding and crankingPour and fill containers with sand and waterWalk unassistedWalk up and down stairs with supportClimb on and off furnitureZip/unzip large zipperAssist with brushing teethHelp dress and undress selfFeed self without assistanceUse toilet with assistanceWash and dry hands with assistanceDrink from a strawMake purposeful marks with marker or crayonString large beadsTurn paper pages in book one at a timeStack blocksRoll, pound, squeeze and pull clayWalk confidentlyWalk up and down steps, backwards and on tiptoesRun well in a forward directionJump in placePush self forward or backwards on "ride-on" toys without pedalsRide/scoot on a tricycleKick ball forwardThrow a ball forwardCatch a large ballBirth through 12 monthsComfort Stage13 through 24 monthsCompetence Stage25 through 36 monthsControl Stagebirth-4 monthsReact to sound; search for sounds with eyesBabble or coo when spoken to or smiled atCry when hungry or uncomfortableAttracted to bright, colors contrastPrefer human face to other patternsExplore with mouth5-8 monthsBabble and combine soundsUnderstand more words than they can sayInterested in pictures that represent familiar people and objectsRespond to simple requests (e.g., “wave bye)Imitate and repeat simple actions (e.g., pat-a-cake, shaking a rattle, etc.)Look for a toy when dropped; find a toy when they see it being hiddenConsistency Stage 9-12 monthsBabble to initiate a social interactionShake head “no”Enjoy rhymes and songsWatch people, objects and activitiesFollow simple instructionsRecognize reversal of an object (e.g., upside down cup)Search for partially hidden toymonthsBegin to create long "babble" sentencesFollow simple directionsPoint to common objects or pictures when named (e.g., body parts)Sit for a short while to listen to a storySearch for hidden objectRepeat simple motions and actions (e.g., dump items out of a container, put them back and repeat the process)Imitate common actions (e.g., talking on phone, drinking from cup, etc.)19-24 monthsSpeak 50-300 wordsLabel common objects and actionsUse “please” and “thank- you” (if taught)Sing familiar songsTry to make mechanical toys work without a demonstrationBegin to understandsimple cause and effect relationshipsAre curious and explore everything, yet do not understand the concept of "danger"Begin to understand where ball has gone if it rolls under something; may walk around to get itExplore cabinets and drawersSpeak in two-wordsentences; create longer and more complex sentencesMatch sounds to animalsSay simple phrases, active verbs and directional words such as "up," "down," and "in"Begin to tell you about what they are doingPut objects where they belongMatch objects to picturesCan sort objects into 2 groups (e.g., hard/soft; green/red, etc.)Can fit simple objects togetherPrefer more realistic toysBegin to count objectsUse self and objects in pretend playBegin to create representational art (pictures that stands for something)Begin to use objects that represent something elseChoose between two objectsBirth through 12 monthsComfort Stage13 through 24 monthsCompetence Stage25 through 36 monthsControl Stagebirth-4 monthsExpress needs with distinct criesSmile in response to a friendly face or voiceSmile or coo to get their caregiver's attentionEnjoy physical contact Prefer to be with their primary care giverWatch and respond to image of self in mirrorLearn to trust when needs are met (e.g., picked up when crying)monthsPrefer to play with people more than toysRespond differently to facial expressions such as frowns and smilesLaugh out loudHesitant with strangers (stranger anxiety)Use body and/or verbalization to get caregiver’s attentionEnjoy social play (“pat a cake”, “this little piggy”)Consistency Stage monthsExtend arms upward to be picked upOffer toys/objects to othersRepeat behavior that gets attentionWant parent or caregiver to stay within sightForm an attachment to a special object (e.g., blanket, pacifier, stuffed animal, etc.)Friendly toward others; less wary of strangersMay express fear of new sounds, people, and situationsPlay alone for short periodsShow interest in children their own ageSeek approvalEnjoy being held and read toImitate adult’s actions in playTest boundaries and limitsMay refuse to cooperate with daily routinesEasily frustratedExpress frustration by crying, hitting, biting or grabbingEnjoy turn-taking gamesShow a strong sense of self by trying to direct the actions of othersBecome possessive of toys; claim things as "mine"; have difficulty sharingExpress likes and dislikes for certain people, objects, or situationsDemonstrate a sense of humorTend to play next to (parallel play) rather than with other childrenPlay with 2-3 other children for short periods of timeParticipate in simple group activities (singing, dancing, clapping, etc.)Begin to "play house" and take on simple roles (e.g., mommy, daddy or baby)Show pride with what they make and doWant to get own wayBecome aware of others’ feelings (empathy)May express a rapid change in moodMay express a fear of the dark or monsters for the first timeExpress a wide range of emotions including jealously, fear, anger, sympathy, pride, embarrassment, anxiety and joyReferencesAllen, K.E. & Marotz, L.R. (1989). Developmental profiles: Birth to six. Albany, NY: Delmar Publishers, Inc.Brunson-Phillips, C. (Ed). (1991). Essentials for child development associates working with young children (pp. 40-74). Washington, DC: TheCouncil for Professional Recognition.Cook, R.E., Tessier, A., & Klein, M.D. (1996). Adapting early childhood curricula for children in inclusive settings (pp. 454-463). EnglewoodCliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, Inc.Herr, J. (1994). Working with young children (pp. 465-475). South Holland, IL: The Goodheart-Willcox Company, Inc.Koralek, D.G., Newman, R.L., & Colker, L.J. (1995). Caring for children in school-age programs. Washington, DC: Teaching Strategies. Steinberg, L. (1993). Adolescence. New York: McGraw-Hill, Inc.Therrell, J.A., Brown, P., Sutterby, J.A., & Thornton, C.D. (2002). Age determination guidelines: Relating children's ages to toy characteristics and play behavior. Washington, DC: U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission. ................
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