Instructional Unit: 4th Grade - Science - Introduction to ...

4th Grade - Science - Introduction to Matter

Unit: Science , Grade(s) 4 Grade 4: Introduction to Matter Duration: 9 Weeks

Unit

Scope and Sequence

Materials Bank

Topic: Introduction to Matter

Duration: 9-10 Weeks

Eligible Content

S3.C.1.1.1: Describe matter in terms of its observable properties (e.g., weight, mass, shape, size, color, texture, state). S3.C.1.1.2: Classify matter using observable physical properties (e.g., weight, mass, shape, size, color, texture, state). S3.C.1.1.3: Classify a substance as a solid, liquid, or gas. S3.C.1.1.4: Recognize and identify how water goes through phase changes (i.e., evaporation, condensation, freezing, and melting). S3.C.1.1.5: Describe how the properties of matter can be changed (e.g., heating, cooling, physical weathering). S4.C.1.1.1: Use physical properties [e.g., mass, shape, size, volume, color, texture, magnetism, state (i.e., solid, liquid, and gas), conductivity (i.e., electrical and heat)] to describe matter. S4.C.1.1.2: Categorize/group objects using physical characteristics. S5.C.1.1.1: Identify characteristic properties of matter that are independent of mass and volume. S5.C.1.1.2: Differentiate between volume and mass. S5.C.1.2.1: Describe how water changes from one state to another. S5.C.1.2.2: Identify differences between chemical and physical changes of matter.

Performance Objectives

SWBAT:

demonstrate that materials are composed of parts that are too small to be seen without magnification IOT explain that all objects are composed of matter. identify properties of matter IOT classify and categorize matter into groups. use rulers, balances, graduated cylinders and other scientific measuring tools IOT describe an object's mass, size, and volume. describe characteristics of an object IOT identify physical and chemical properties of that object. identify movement of particles of matter IOT classify matter as a solid, liquid, or gas. demonstrate how matter (water, in particular) can be present in different states IOT identify and explain phase changes (melting, evaporation, condensation, and freezing). identify the different types of physical and chemical changes IOT explain the difference between a physical and chemical change in matter. create a basic reaction IOT demonstrate how matter can undergo a chemical change, creating a new substance with different properties.SWBAT compare mass of an object before and after a state change IOT demonstrate and describe the law of conservation of matter.

Key Terms and Definitions

matter-anything that has mass and takes up space atom - the smallest unit of an element that maintains the chemical properties of that element physical property - a characteristic of a substance that does not involve a chemical change, such as density, color, or hardness

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Materials Bank

chemical property - a property of matter that describes a substance's ability to participate in chemical reactions physical change ? a change of matter from one form to another without a change in chemical properties chemical change - the process by which one or more substances change to produce one or more different substances solid ? the state of matter in which the volume and shape of a substance are fixed liquid? the state of matter that has a definite volume but not a definite shape gas ? a form of matter that does not have a definite volume or shape phase change ? the physical change of a substance from one state (solid, liquid, or gas) to another melting ? the change of state from a liquid to a gas evaporation ? the change of state from a liquid to a gas condensation ? the change of state from a gas to a liquid freezing ? the change of state in which a liquid becomes a solid as heat is removed Law of Conservation of Mass ? the law that states that mass cannot be created or destroyed in ordinary chemical and physical changes mass?a measure of the amount of matter in an object a fundamental property of an object that is not affected by the forces that act on the object, such as the gravitational force volume - a measure of the size of a body or region in three-dimensional space

Starting Points

Prior to this unit, students should have had exposure to states of matter (definitely solids and liquids and possibly gas) and be able to give examples of each, however they may not yet be able to articulate how the particles in each differ. Students should also be able to observe some physical properties of matter (e.g., color, size, weight, shape, etc.) and classify objects according to these properties. Students should have also had an introduction to measuring matter using rulers and balances/scales.

Essential Questions

How can you prove that matter is made of particles too small to be seen? What causes matter to change from one state to another? How can matter be classified? How can you prove that that mass is neither created or destroyed when a object goes through a change?

Instructional Resources

Textbook resource for teachers from Holt Science Introduction to Matter text (this is a middle school level text, so text level will likely be too difficult for students to read independently, however, it is still a good resource for teachers):



Sample Intro to Matter unit:



Matter Webquest (students will need computer to complete):



Introduction to Matter (reading):



States of matter video and sorter game:



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Materials Bank

Short states of matter and phase change demos (simple): States of matter investigation: Video on phase changes: Lessons and assessments for matter: Physical change activity: Comparing physical and chemical changes activity: Physical and chemical changes in our world: More physical and chemical change activities: Conservation of matter story: Conservation of matter videos: Measuring to Centimeters handouts: Triple beam balance practice: Describing and measuring matter: PA Standards

3.2.3.A1: Differentiate between properties of objects such as size, shape, and weight and properties of materials that make up the objects such as color, texture,

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Materials Bank

and hardness. Differentiate between the three states of matter, classifying a substance as a solid, liquid, or gas.

3.2.3.A2: Recognize that all objects and materials in the world are made of matter. 3.2.3.A3: Demonstrate how heating and cooling may cause changes in the properties of materials including phase changes. 3.2.3.A4: Use basic reactions to demonstrate observable changes in properties of matter (e.g., burning, cooking). 3.2.3.A5: CONSTANCY AND CHANGE Recognize that everything is made of matter. 3.3.3.B3:

Distinguish between scientific fact and opinion. Ask questions about objects, organisms, and events. Understand that all scientific investigations involve asking and answering questions and comparing the answer with what is already known. Plan and conduct a simple investigation and understand that different questions require different kinds of investigations. Use simple equipment (tools and other technologies) to gather data and understand that this allows scientists to collect more information than relying only on their senses to gather information. Use data/evidence to construct explanations and understand that scientists develop explanations based on their evidence and compare them with their current scientific knowledge. Communicate procedures and explanations giving priority to evidence and understanding that scientists make their results public, describe their investigations so they can be reproduced, and review and ask questions about the work of other scientists. 3.2.4.A1: Identify and classify objects based on their observable and measurable physical properties. Compare and contrast solids, liquids, and gases based on their properties. 3.2.4.A2: Demonstrate that materials are composed of parts that are too small to be seen without magnification. 3.2.4.A3: Demonstrate the conservation of mass during physical changes such as melting or freezing. 3.2.4.A4: Recognize that combining two or more substances may make new materials with different properties. 3.2.4.A5: MODELS Use models to demonstrate the physical change as water goes from liquid to ice and from liquid to vapor. 3.2.5.A1: Describe how water can be changed from one state to another by adding or taking away heat.

NGSS Standards: 5-PS1-1 Develop a model to describe that matter is made of particles too small to be seen. 5-PS1-2 Measure and graph quantities to provide evidence that regardless of the type of change that occurs when heating, cooking, or mixing substances, the total weight of matter is conserved. 5-PS1-3 Make observations and measurements to identify materials based on their properties. 5-PS1-4 Conduct an investigation to determine whether the mixing of two or more substances results in new substances.

Additional Properties

Author: Curriculum, Specialist3 Cost/Fee: No Restricted Use: No Rights: Keywords: Created by: DON, PAULA (9/11/2015 4:00 PM) Last modified by: Curriculum, Specialist3 (7/27/2017 10:20 AM)

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