1 Adjectives ending in “ED” and ”ING” Unit 2
1 Adjectives ending in “ED” and ”ING” Unit 2
Some adjectives have the characteristic of ending in “ed” and “ing”. Let’s take a look at the rules.
• We use adjectives ending in “ING” to describe something or someone.
Examples:
Maria is watching a very interesting movie.
I hate that teacher. He is really boring.
• We use adjectives ending in “ED” when we want to describe how people feel.
Examples:
This movie isn’t interesting. I am bored.
Juan is very excited because he is going to travel to Miami for the first time.
Conclusions
- We can use adjectives ending in “ing” for things or people. Remember that when we use “ing” it is describing the person or thing.
- We can use the “ed” ONLY for people (or animals) because THINGS CANNOT FEEL.
We can say:
Mark is boring. (describes his personality).
Mark is bored. (he feels bored at the moment)
We can’t say:
The TV program is bored – INCORRECT (because things can’t feel).
***Queda claro que para cosas, situaciones u objetos usamos la terminación “ing” y no es posible usar “ed”. La razón es porque se usa la terminación “ed” para expresar lo que uno siente y está claro que las cosas sin vida no pueden sentir. Para personas uno puede usar “ed” (cuando uno siente) o “ing” pero esta última se usa para DESCRIBIR a la persona. Así que si yo digo “Juan is depressed” quiere decir que se encuentra deprimido ya que describo la situación actual porque por algina razón se siente asi. En cambio si decimos “Juan is depressing” entonces describimos a Juan. Es una persona deprimente.
2
-ed / -ing adjectives
Many English adjectives of emotion/feeling are formed from the -ed / -ing forms of verbs:
Positive
verb |-ed |-ing |noun | | |You ____ me! |I'm _____! |How _____! |What _____! | | |alarm |alarmed |alarming |alarm |Alarmado
alarmante | |amaze |amazed |amazing |amazement |Sorprendido
sorprendente | |amuse |amused |amusing |amusement |divertido | |astound |astounded |astounding |astonishment |Asombrado
asombroso | |bewitch |bewitched |bewitching |bewitchment |Embrujado
Embrujador | |captivate |captivated |captivating |a captivation |Cautivado
cautivador | |challenge |challenged |challenging |a challenge |Retado
retador | |charm |charmed |charming |charm |Encantado
encantador | |comfort |comforted |comforting |comfort |Reconfortado
Reconfortante | |concern |concerned |concerning |concern |Afectado
concerniente | |convince |convinced |convincing |conviction |Convencido
convincente | |encourage |encouraged |encouraging |encouragement |Animado
esperanzador | |entertain |entertained |entertaining |entertainment |entretenido | |excite |excited |exciting |excitement |Emocionado
emocionante | |3 exhaust |exhausted |exhausting |exhaustion |Agotado
agotador | |fascinate |fascinated |fascinating |fascination |Fascinado
fascinante | |flatter |flattered |flattering |flattery |Halagado
halagüeño | |gratify |gratified |gratifying |gratification |Gratificado
gratificante | |humiliate |humiliated |humiliating |humiliation |Humillado
humillante | |interest |interested |interesting |interest |Interesado
Interesante | |intrigue |intrigued |intriguing |intrigue |Intrigado
intrigante | |move |moved |moving | move |Emocionado
Emocionante | |overwhelm |overwhelmed |overwhelming |overwhelm |Abrumado
abrumador | |please |pleased |pleasing (pleasant) |a pleasure |Complacido
Agradable | |relax |relaxed |relaxing |relaxation |Relajado
Relajante | |relieve |relieved |relieving |a relief |Aliviado
Calmante | |satisfy |satisfied |satisfying |satisfaction |Satisfecho
Satisfactorio | |soothe |soothed |soothing |soothe |Tranquilizado
tranquilizador | |surprise |surprised |surprising |a surprise |Sorprendido
sorprendente | |tempt |tempted |tempting |temptation |Tentado
tentador | |thrill |thrilled |thrilling |a thrill |Encantado
emocionante | |4 Negative
verb |-ed |-ing |noun | | |You ____ me! |I'm _____! |How _____! |What _____! | | |annoy |annoyed |annoying |annoyance |Disgustado
fastidioso | |bore |bored |boring |boredom |aburrido | |confuse |confused |confusing |confusion |Confundido
confuso | |depress |depressed |depressing |depression |Deprimido
Deprimente | |devastate |devastated |devastating |devastation |Devastado
Devastador | |disappoint |disappointed |disappointing |disappointment |Desilusionado
decepcionante | |discourage |discouraged |discouraging |discouragement |Desalentado
desalentador | |disgust |disgusted |disgusting |disgust |Asqueado
asqueante | |dishearten |disheartened |disheartening |disheartenment |Descorazonado
Descorazodor | |distress |distressed |distressing |distress |Angustiado
angustioso | |disturb |disturbed |disturbing |disturbance |Trastornado
inquietante | |embarrass |embarrassed |embarrassing |embarrassment |Avergonzado
embarazoso | |exasperate |exasperated |exasperating |exasperation |Exasperado
exasperante | |frighten |frightened |frightening |fright |Asustado
aterrador | |frustrate |frustrated |frustrating |frustration |Frustrado
Frustante | |horrify |horrified |horrifying |horror |Horrorizado
Horroroso | |5 insult |insulted |insulting |an insult |Insultado
Insultante | |irritate |irritated |irritating |irritation |Irritado
Irritante | |perplex |perplexed |perplexing |perplexity |Desconcertado
desconcertante | |puzzle |puzzled |puzzling |puzzlement |Desconcertado
desconcertante | |shock |shocked |shocking |a shock |Horrorizado
escandaloso | |terrify |terrified |terrifying |terror |Aterrorizado
aterrador | |threaten |threatened |threatening |a threat |Amenazado
Amenazante | |tire |tired |tiring |tiredness |Cansado
Que cansa | |trouble |troubled |troubling |trouble |Preocupado
Preocupante | |unnerve |unnerved |unnerving |unnerve |Desconcertado
Que pone nervioso | |upset |upset |upsetting | upset |Disgustado
ofensivo | |
EXERCISES
1-Choose the correct form of the adjective according to the context.
1) Monday is very bored / boring. It is the first day of the week.
2) I’m bored / boring with my job. It’s always the same.
3) When we lost the football game, we felt depressed / depressing.
4) My team never wins. It is very depressed / depressing.
5) Reading a book is very relaxed / relaxing.
6) I am very relaxed / relaxing at the weekend.
7) The movie I watched yesterday was very interested / interesting.
8) I’m not very interested / interesting in studying French. I prefer English.
9) Julio is very exited / exiting about his brand new car.
10) The Barcelona – Inter match was very exited / exiting.
6 2-Complete the sentences with an adequate –ed/-ing adjective:
1-I do the same thing every day. My job is very ______ .
2-I have nothing to do. I'm ______
3-My job is very varied. I find it ______
4-I'm ______ in applying for the job
5-I heard some very ______ news. I'm going to lose my job. I feel terrible
6-Cheer up . Don't feel so ______ . There are plenty of other jobs
7-I heard a very ______ story. It will make you laugh
8-It's not ______ that you failed the exam. You never did any work
9-I don't understand this exercise. I'm very ______
10-I thought your behaviour at the party was ______ . You were sick in the middle of the room. 11-My trip to Paris has been cancelled. I'm really ______ . I really wanted to go
12-The performance of the English team was very ______ . They played much worse than expected
13-There are a lot of road signs. It's all very ______
14-I am very ______ in this subject. I find it fascinating
15-The lesson was really ______ . I almost fell asleep
16-I was ______ by her behaviour. It was very funny
17-I was ______ by the news. I didn't expect it
18-I was ______ by his behaviour. It was outrageous
19-I'm ______ in finding out more about this. Where can I look?
20-When the students did badly, the teacher became really ______ and didn't smile for weeks.
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