Main Events During the Foundations Period (8000 BCE – 600 CE)



Main Events

Period 1 Foundations - (8000 BCE – 600 CE)

|Time Period |What Happened |Where |Who/What |

|8000-4000 BCE |Agricultural Revolution |Everywhere | |

|4000 BCE – 1500 BCE |First Cities |Mesopotamia |Sumerian |

| |Pyramids |Egypt (Middle East) | |

| | |India (South Asia) |Harappan |

| |First dynasties |China (East Asia) | |

| |Bantu Migration |West Africa (throughout) |Root language |

|1500 BCE – |Aryan Migration |South Asia (India) |Vedic Age – Hinduism and Caste |

|500 BCE |Warring States |China |System Dev. |

| |King David |Hebrews | |

| |Greece poleis | | |

| |Roman Republic | | |

|330 BCE |Conquest of Alexander the Great |Persia/Egypt/India |Hellenist Culture |

|– 500 CE |Pax Romana | | |

| |Life of Jesus |Roman Peace |Augustus |

|4 BCE-29 CE |Mayan Civilization |Roman World | |

| |Buddhism and Hinduism Spread |MesoAmerico | |

| |Han and Gupta Dynasty | | |

| | |South Asia | |

| | |China/India | |

|Empires Decline (500-600 |Han |China | |

|CE) |Gupta |India | |

| |Rome |Europe | |

Must Know:

1. Trans – Saharan versus Silk Roads trade

2. The decline and fall of Han, Rome, and Gupta

3. Expansion of Buddhism, Hinduism and Christianity

4. Confucianism and Daoism in China

5. Pastoral nomadic versus settled lifestyle

6. Trade in Indian Ocean versus those in the Mediterranean

Period 2 - 600 CE – 1450 CE

|Time Period |What Happened |Where |Who/What |

|600 CE – 1100 |Life of Muhammad |Middle East, North Africa, Spain |Abbasid Dynasty |

| |Rise of Islam |China | |

|1096 |Song dynasty |Western Europe |Eastern/Western Christian Churches |

| |Normans invade Britain |Europe/Jerusalem | |

| |First Crusade | | |

|12-13 Century |Swahili trading cities |East Africa |Axum, Zimbabwe, Mali |

| |Beginning of Mongols |Asia, Russia, China |Yuan Dynasty |

|13-14 century |Beginning of Aztecs |Mexico | |

| |Hundred Years War |Europe | |

| |Bubonic plague |China and Europe | |

|14th and 15th |Ming dynasty |China |Zheng He’s voyages |

|Century |Beginning of slave trade |Africa |Middle Passage |

| |Beginning of Age of Discover |Europe/Americas/India |Columbus, Da Gama, Diaz, Magellan |

Must Know:

1. Feudalism in Japan and Western Europe

2. Mongol rule in Russia and China

3. Muslim Spain and spread of Islam

4. Chinese and European presence in the Indian Ocean

5. Aztec and Incan’s in Mesoamerican

6. Gender roles in Islam and under the caliphate

Period 3 - 1450 - 1750

|Time Period |What Happened |Where |Who/What |

|1453 - 1500 |Fall of eastern Rome | Constantinople |By Ottoman Turks |

| |Reconquest |Spain |Isabella |

| |Columbus |America | |

|16th Century |Treaty of Tordesillas |Americas |Divided between Spain and Portugal |

| |Mughal dynasty |India |Catholic Reformation |

| |Council of Trent |Europe | |

|17th Century |Tokugawa Shogunate |Japan |Centralized power |

| |Romanov dynasty |Russia | |

| |Louis XIV |France |“Sun King” absolutism |

| |Qing Dynasty |China |Last dynasty in China |

Must Know:

1. Trade in Mughal India versus Ming China

2. Transatlantic versus Indian Ocean trade

3. Russian versus Ottoman interaction with the West

4. Western European versus Asian and Ottoman technology

Summary - Period 4 – 1750-1914

|Time Period |What Happened |Where |Who/What |

|1750 - 1800 |Beginning of Industrial Revolution | Britain – Europe |Steam, textiles |

| |American Revolution | | |

| |French Revolution |U.S. | |

| |Haitian Revolution |Europe | |

| |Napoleon |Haiti | |

| | |Europe |Tyrant or Liberator |

|1800-1900 |Imperialism |All over the World |Europeans dominate - colonialism |

| |Independence of Latin America |Americas | |

| |Opium War – Taiping Rev |China | |

|1900-1914 |Mexican Revolution | | |

| |Chinese Revolution | | |

| |Panama Canal | | |

Must Know:

1. Industrial Revolution – Europe, Russia and Japan

2. Revolutions: America, French, Haitian, Mexican, Chinese

3. Nationalism – Italy and Germany (univication)

4. Imperialism in Africa, China and Latin America

5. Trade in the Atlantic and Indian Oceans

Period 5 – 1914- Present

|Time Period |What Happened |Where |Who/What |

|1914 - 1945 |WWI |Europe | |

| |Russian Revolution |Russia | |

| |Great Depression |World | |

| |WWII |Europe | |

| |Stalin, Lenin, Hitler | | |

| |Atomic Bomb | | |

|1945-Present |Communist China |China | |

| |Cold War |World | |

| |Vietnam |Southeast Asia | |

| |Independence of Colonial Empires |Africa/Southeast Asia | |

| |Fall of Communism | | |

| |Iraq Wars |Europe | |

1. Decolonization in Africa versus India 2. Russian Rev. versus Chinese Rev.

3. Females roles in china and the West.

4. Global Trade in the Pacific Rim versus the West

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