High School Quizbowl Packet Archive



SCOP Novice Tournament: Round 2

Tossups

1. In this novel, Tom Loker gets shot by George Harris for standing in the way of a path to Canada. Cassy and Emmeline escape safely because of a man who formerly worked on the Kentucky farm owned by Arthur Shelby. The protagonist saves Augustine's young daughter Eva St. Clare from drowning, but the title character is eventually whipped to death anyways at the orders of his next (*) owner, Simon Legree. Name this abolitionist book by “the little lady who started the war”, Harriet Beecher Stowe.

ANSWER: Uncle Tom’s Cabin

2. Venous sinusoids provide for the contraction mechanism of this organ, whose outside—like the kidney's—is comprised of Malphagian corpuscles. Its germinal centers produce lymphocytes, and this lymphatic organ is often enlarged in patients with mono. It is also frequently infarcted in (*) sickle-cell patients. Comprised of white pulp and red pulp and located in the upper left quadrant of the abdomen, name this organ that stores immune cells and destroys red blood cells.

ANSWER: spleen [prompt on lymphatic system before "this organ"]

3. This city was home to a security agency which made one in seven citizens an informer, the Stasi. One incident in this city saw Tempelhof and Gatow serve as bases for Operation Vittles, which supplied this city with food and coal. The home of Checkpoint Charlie, this city was resupplied by a famous (*) Airlift during a Soviet blockade and saw Ronald Reagan issue the command, "Mr. Gorbachev, tear down this wall!" Home to the Reichstag, name this modern-day capital of Germany.

ANSWER: Berlin

4. Otto Rank and Alfred Adler abandoned this proposer of concepts like Thanatos, the death instinct. This author of Beyond the Pleasure Principle and Civilization and its Discontents studied the effects of cocaine on patients like "Anna O". and wrote a case study of "Little Hans", examining a process that led young boys to focus sexual energy on their (*) mother; this thinker believed that that "Oedipus complex" was shown through dreams. Name this Austrian psychoanalyst, the author of The Interpretation of Dreams.

ANSWER: Sigmund Freud [or Sigismund Schlomo Freud]

5. This painting was originally topped by the Sforza coat of arms, and it includes a seemingly disembodied hand holding a knife. On the right of this painting, three men converse enthusiastically, and at the left, a figure clutches a bag while leaning away into shadow. An effeminate young man leans to the left while the central figure spreads his hands over a (*) meal shared by thirteen people. Depicting the moment after Jesus announces that he will be betrayed, name this mural of the final meal shared by Jesus and his disciples by Leonardo da Vinci.

ANSWER: The Last Supper [accept L'Ultima Cena]

6. Its namesake state's capital is Merida, northwest of the state of Quintana Roo. To its west is the Bay of Campeche, the island of Cozumel lies near its eastern shore, and the Chicxulub (chick-shoo-loob) (*) Crater off its northwest coast is hypothesized to be the landing spot of the impact that caused the K-T Extinction. Home to Cancun, name this Mexican peninsula that separates the Gulf of Mexico from the Caribbean Sea.

ANSWER: Yucatan Peninsula

7. This force causes the type of redshift observed in the Pound-Rebka experiment. This effect is responsible for tides, and its namesake constant was first approximated using a torsion balance by Henry Cavendish, who found it to be close to (*) 6.67 times 10 to the negative 11 newton-meters squared per kilogram squared. On Earth, the acceleration due to is approximately 9.8 meters per second squared. Name this exclusively attractive force that was "discovered" by Newton after an apple fell on his head.

ANSWER: gravity [or gravitation]

8. Bosses in this game include Lord Marrowgar, Professor Putricide, and the frost wyrm Sindragosa; those bosses are found in the Icecrown Citadel. Another dungeon in this game is Upper Blackrock Spire, where players can earn the achievement "Leeeeeroy!" Depending on their faction, players can also earn the achievements "For the Alliance!" or "For the (*) Horde!" Recently advertised by Ozzy Ozbourne and Mr. T, who plays a Night Elf Mohawk, name this popular massively multiplayer online role playing game released by Blizzard.

ANSWER: World of Warcraft [or WoW; accept World of Warcraft: Wrath of the Lich King]

9. One theorem named for Thales (THAY-leez) concerns right angles formed by three points on this shape. The construction of one of these shapes tangent to three others is the subject of Apollonius' Problem. This curve is formed by the perpendicular intersection of a plane with a (*) cone's axis of symmetry, and in polar coordinates it is expressed as r equals a constant. Centered at the origin of a Cartesian plane, its equation is x squared plus y squared equals r squared. Name this set of points equidistant from a center.

ANSWER: circles

10. This ruler unified the Church through the Council of the Hundred Chapters and established an assembly known as the Zemsky Sobor. This founder of the streltsy, he was aided by political policemen known as oprichniks, who helped in his fight against the boyars, whom he suspected of poisoning his first wife. He caused a (*) miscarriage in his stepdaughter by beating her, and also killed his son with a blow to the head. Name this first Czar of Russia, nicknamed for his ferocity.

ANSWER: Ivan the Terrible [or Ivan IV; or Ivan Grozny]

11. One character in this work brags that he slew nine sea monsters, a feat that cost him the swimming match with Breca. This story opens with a ceremony for the dead king Shield Sheafson [sheld SHEF-sun], one of eventually three funerals. The scop [shop] and narrator tells about the titular character's adventures with (*) Hrunting [hROON-ting], a gift from Unferth. That character passes his crown to Wiglaf after defeating a dragon, 50 years after defending Hrothgar's [h'-RAWTH-gar's] mead hall. Notably translated by Seamus Heaney, name this epic poem about a Geatish slayer of Grendel.

ANSWER: Beowulf

12. This figure considered a meal given to him by a blacksmith to be his favorite, even though he got fatal food poisoning. A dream of an elephant piercing his mother's side foretold his birth. Predicted to be a great leader by the seer Asita, he was inspired by the Four Passing Sights to give up his princely life and experiment with asceticism before deeming moderation to be the best. After meditating under a (*) bodhi tree, he awoke enlightened about things like the Four Noble Truths and and the Eightfold Path. Name this founder of a namesake Asian religion.

ANSWER: the Gotama Buddha [or Siddhartha Gotama]

13. One improvement on this concept is the Redlich-Kwong equation, which includes a correction parameter divided by the square root of the temperature. Using factors denoted "a" and "b", the van der Waals equation corrects this law by including intermolecular attraction and the (*) volume taken up by particles. Because it follows the kinetic theory, this law applies best under low pressures and high volumes. Formulated by combining Charles' and Boyle's laws, name this gas law often stated as P V equals n R T.

ANSWER: Ideal gas law or Ideal gas equation (accept van der Waals equation before mentioned)

14. Vritra and Tiamat are two of these creatures, who are slain by Indra and Marduk, respectively. Another one, Nithogg, gnaws on a root of Yggdrasil, and Orochi is an eight-headed one who is killed by Susanoo (soo-sah-no). One of these animals represents the east, and is known as Qinglong (ching-long) in China and Seiryuu [say-ryoo] in Japan. In Greek myth, warriors (*) grow when the teeth of these creatures are planted. Name these mythological creatures, enormous reptiles that typically breathe fire in Western tradition.

ANSWER: dragons

15. In poodle form, this figure supplies jewelry for one character to win the heart of Gretchen, and in another work, this figure signs a contract with Jabez Stone. A Puritan discovers that his wife Faith has been dancing in the woods with this figure in a Hawthorne short story. The antagonist of Goethe (GER-tuh) and Marlowe's versions of the (*) Faustus legends, Ambrose Bierce's The Cynic's Word Book is widely known as this figure’s Dictionary. The subject of a debate with Daniel Webster, name this literary purchaser of souls.

ANSWER: the Devil (Accept Satan, Lucifer, Mephistopheles, or other reasonable equivalents)

16. This war's bloodiest battle came at Lundy's Lane during an invasion of Canada, where Winfield Scott was wounded. One city was burned in this conflict after its defenders were defeated at Bladensberg, while another incident in this conflict saw a naval squadron try to force its way into Baltimore harbor through naval bombardment. Ended by the Treaty of (*) Ghent, name this conflict, which saw the composing of the National Anthem at the Siege of Fort McHenry and the burning of Washington D.C.

ANSWER: War of 1812

17. Post-perovskite is hypothesized to exist in this area, whose upper region features a large quantity of olivine. The lowest two hundred meters of it is known as "D double prime," after which the Gutenberg discontinuity is found, and the Mohorovicic (mo-ho-RO-vitch-itch) discontinuity lies above this area. Including the (*) asthenosphere and consisting of highly plastic, mostly solid rock, name this layer of the Earth, found between the outer core and the crust.

ANSWER: Mantle

18. In one work by this composer, the dramatic "Liebestod" finale accompanies Isolde' s death, and he composed the wedding song "Here Comes the Bride" in another opera. In addition to Tristan und Isolde and Lohengrin, an operatic series that includes (*) Götterdämmerung introduces leitmotifs (lite-moh-teefs) for Alberich, who steals the Rheingold, and Wotan, who is cursed by Brunhilde's ring, the token of Siegfried's love. Name this German composer of "The Ride of the Valkyries" in The Ring of the Nibelung cycle.

ANSWER: Richard Wagner

19. This novel sees Tramecksan and Slamecksan, two political parties, square off in a country that also sees conflict between the Big-Endians and Little-Endians over the proper way to crack an egg. The protagonist of this novel leaves the floating island of Laputa to (*) sail home from Japan before traveling to a land in which peaceful horses govern the brutish Yahoos. Name this novel, in which the titular protagonist is sold to the gigantic queen of Brobdingnag after leaving Lilliput, a satire by Jonathan Swift.

ANSWER: Gulliver's Travels (or Travels into Several Remote Nations of the World, in Four Parts. By Lemuel Gulliver, First a Surgeon, and then a Captain of several Ships)

20. One invasion of this polity took place at Playa Girón beach and led to the resignation of Allen Dulles. Military conflicts in this modern-day nation included the charges up Kettle Hill and the San (*) Juan Heights, and earlier this nation's capital saw the explosion of the USS Maine. The site of the Bay of Pigs invasion, name this Communist nation currently led by Raúl, the brother of longtime president Fidel Castro, whose capital is Havana.

ANSWER: Republic of Cuba

Bonuses

1. A very broad definition for this process is "descent with modification." For 10 points each:

[10] Identify this process in which new species arise or existing species change as a consequence of genetic mutations.

ANSWER: evolution [accept word forms]

[10] This theory posits that evolution occurs in short periods of rapid change that come between periods of relative stability.

ANSWER: punctuated equilibrium theory [prompt on cladogenesis]

[10] The theory of punctuated equilibrium is contrasted with this one, which suggests that evolution occurs slowly and steadily.

ANSWER: phyletic gradualism

2. The Romantic movement flourished among English poets in the 19th century. For 10 points each:

[10] This poet wrote Endymion and a poem in which the title bird "wast not born for death", his "Ode to a Nightingale". Percy Shelley wrote the poem Adonais to commemorate his tragically early death.

ANSWER: John Keats

[10] Keats is especially famous for his odes, including this one, which describes an "unravish'd bride of quietness" from "Tempe [TEM-pee] or the dales of Arcady", and asserts that "Beauty is truth, truth beauty".

ANSWER: Ode on a Grecian Urn

[10] This Romantic poet wrote Childe Harold's Pilgrimage and "She Walks in Beauty", as well as the satire Don Juan [JOO-an], which was unfinished at his death in the Grecian War of Independence.

ANSWER: Lord George Gordon Byron

3. She created the National Women Suffrage Association after debating with Frederick Douglass over the 15th Amendment. For 10 points each:

[10] Name this friend of Elizabeth Cady Stanton who was jailed in Rochester, New York for trying to vote in 1892.

ANSWER: Susan Brownell Anthony

[10] Susan B. Anthony fought for this amendment to the Constitution that legally granted women the right to vote.

ANSWER: 19th Amendment

[10] Anthony was inspired by the National Women’s Rights Convention as depicted by this man’s New York Tribune. This newspaperman ran in the 1872 Presidential election but died while electoral votes were being counted.

ANSWER: Horace Greeley

4. This disease commonly presents with a butterfly-shaped rash, causing the victim's face to appear wolf-like, and is commonly diagnosed by testing the patient's levels of antinuclear antibodies, or ANAs. For 10 points each:

[10] Name this autoimmune disease, which is notoriously hard to diagnose as its symptoms are shared by many other diseases. A running joke on a Fox medical drama notes that patients never have this disease.

ANSWER: Lupus [accept additional information]

[10] Lupus is a running joke on this show, whose cast includes Lisa Edelstein as Dr. Lisa Cuddy and Robert Sean Leonard as Dr. James Wilson, friends of the titular cane-wielding acerbic diagnostician.

ANSWER: House, M.D.

[10] This British actor and longtime friend and colleague of Stephen Fry plays Dr. Gregory House.

ANSWER: Hugh Laurie

5. He posed what is now known as the ontological argument for the existence of God in a 1637 work which structured philosophy through rigorous logical proof, Discourse on Method. For 10 points each:

[10] Name this French philosopher, also famous for his Meditations on First Philosophy.

ANSWER: Rene Descartes (day-KART)

[10] Descartes is well known for this quote. The basis of his philosophy, it notes that one's ability to doubt one's own existence implies that existence.

ANSWER: "Cogito ergo sum" [or "I think, therefore I am"; or "Je Pense, donc je suis"]

[10] This other French philosopher and author of the unfinished Pensées [pahn-SAY] also posed a famous namesake "Wager" arguing it advantageous to believe in God.

ANSWER: Blaise Pascal

6. A man known as number 35 is imprisoned on Chateau D'If (deef) by Gerard Villefort but eventually uses an Italian priest's body bag to escape. For 10 points each:

[10] Name this French work in which Edmund Dantes seeks revenge on Mercede's husband and Danglars (dan-GLARR).

ANSWER: The Count of Monte Cristo [or Le Comte de Monte-Cristo]

[10] In this other Alexandre Dumas (doo-MAHS) work, Athos, Porthos and Aramis recite "all for one, and one for all".

ANSWER: The Three Musketeers [or Les Trois Mousquetaires]

[10] This protagonist of The Three Musketeers falls for Lady de Winter, the evil henchman of Cardinal Richelieu. He's often considered the fourth musketeer.

ANSWER: d'Artagnan (dar-tah-NYON)

7. {Note to moderator: Do not reveal the alternate answer to the second part, because doing so would give away the answer to part three.}

It occurs in atoms with unstable nuclei, such as uranium. For 10 points each:

[10] Name this process in which a particle is spontaneously emitted from a nucleus, causing the atom to decrease in energy

ANSWER: radioactive decay [or radioactivity; accept word forms]

[10] In this form of radioactive decay, an electron, often from a k-orbital, combines with a proton in the nucleus to create a neutron and neutrino.

ANSWER: electron capture [or inverse beta decay; do not accept or prompt on "beta decay"]

[10] Electron capture is often referred to as the "inverse" form of this decay, in which either an electron or positron is emitted from the nucleus.

ANSWER: beta-minus decay [or beta-plus decay]

8. Famous examples of this kind of musical composition include one "for the Common Man". For 10 points each:

[10] Name this kind of short composition, usually scored for trumpets, other brass, and percussion, often used to welcome or celebrate.

ANSWER: Fanfare

[10] That "Fanfare for the Common Man" was composed by this 20th century American who also composed the ballets Rodeo and Billy the Kid.

ANSWER: Aaron Copland

[10] Copland sampled the Shaker melody "Simple Gifts" for one movement in this ballet, which earned him the 1945 Pulitzer in Music.

ANSWER: Appalachian Spring

9. Answer the following about lopsided Presidential victories for 10 points each.

[10] In 1936, this President beat Alf Landon of Kansas 523 electoral votes to 8. This would be his second of four Presidential victories.

ANSWER: Franklin Delano Roosevelt [or FDR]

[10] This President continued the "Era of Good Feelings" by running for re-election unopposed in 1820. His namesake Doctrine declared that further European colonization efforts in the Western Hemisphere would be viewed as aggression against the U.S.

ANSWER: James Monroe [accept Monroe Doctrine]

[10] In 1984, Ronald Reagan won re-election over this Democrat—Jimmy Carter's former vice-president—by winning every state except this man's home state, Minnesota.

ANSWER: Walter Mondale

10. Identify the following Egyptian gods for 10 points each:

[10] Sometimes depicted as a baboon, this ibis-headed Egyptian god of the moon loved writing.

ANSWER: Thoth [do not accept "Tut"; accept any of the following: Toth, Tot, Djhuty, Tehuty, Sheps, Lord of the Khemenu]

[10] Embalmers dressed like this jackal-headed god, thought to protect the dead on their voyage to the afterlife.

ANSWER: Anubis [or Yinpe; or Anpu]

[10] This son of Isis and Osiris is said to be the god of Pharaohs. He has a falcon head, and his symbol is the Wedjat eye.

ANSWER: Horus

11. Answer the following about astronomers for 10 points each.

[10] This man's laws of planetary motion include the concept of elliptical orbits, with the Sun at one focus, that sweep out equal areas in equal times.

ANSWER: Johannes Kepler

[10] Kepler formulated his laws using empirical data gathered by this Danish astronomer, his mentor.

ANSWER: Tycho Brahe

[10] In 1781, William Herschel discovered this planet, whose moons include Titania and Oberon.

ANSWER: Uranus

12. The protagonist of this short story tries to win Katrina von Tassel's heart. For 10 points each:

[10] Name this legendary story in which a schoolteacher named Ichabod Crane unsuccessfully fends off Brom Bones.

ANSWER: "The Legend of Sleepy Hollow"

[10] This antagonist is a Hessian who fought at a battle in the Revolutionary War. This spectre is generally considered to be Brom Bones in disguise.

ANSWER: Headless Horseman

[10] Washington Irving published the stories "Rip Van Winkle" and "The Legend of Sleepy Hollow" in The Sketch Book of this pseudonym.

ANSWER: Geoffrey Crayon

13. Built for Edgar Kaufmann, it's undergone extensive repairs to alleviate mildew and mold. For 10 points each:

[10] Name this house, situated on top of a waterfall in Pennsylvania.

ANSWER: Fallingwater

[10] Fallingwater was designed by this architect, whose home studio Taliesin burned twice. His other famous buildings include Chicago's Robie House.

ANSWER: Frank Lloyd Wright

[10] Robie House exemplifies this architectural style. It emphasizes horizontal lines to evoke the namesake natural setting, and often features flat roofs and overhanging eaves.

ANSWER: Prairie Style/School/etc.

14. Answer the following about people with the epithet "the Great" for 10 points each.

[10] The student of Aristotle and son of Philip II, this Macedonian created a massive empire that included Persia after he defeated Darius III.

ANSWER: Alexander the Great

[10] This Tsar defeated Charles XII of Sweden at the Battle of Poltava during the Great Northern War, an attempt to gain land on the Baltic Sea to open up Russia for trade with the West.

ANSWER: Peter the Great

[10] Otto the Great was the first emperor of this polity, and other leaders included Frederick Barbarossa and a dozen members of the Habsburg Dynasty. It dissolved after being defeated by Napoleon in 1806.

ANSWER: Holy Roman Empire

15. Identify these types of numbers for ten points each.

[10] Any of these numbers can be expressed as the quotient of two integers. Examples include two fifths and negative one third.

ANSWER: rational numbers [or Q; or the rationals]

[10] This type of number cannot be expressed as the zero of a polynomial whose coefficients are integers. The complement of the algebraic numbers, it is a subset of the irrational numbers.

ANSWER: transcendental numbers

[10] These set of numbers includes both rational and irrational numbers. It can be constructed from the rationals by Dedekind (DEH-duh-kihnd) cuts.

ANSWER: real numbers [or R-one]

16. The Greek slave Phaedrus translated his literature into Latin, and Jean de La Fontaine translated his works into French centuries later. For 10 points each:

[10] Name this former slave, a Greek writer of fables who lived between 620 and 560 BCE.

ANSWER: Aesop

[10] In this Aesop fable, one animal runs really really fast but takes a nap and loses the race to a slow-moving reptile.

ANSWER: "The Tortoise and the Hare"

[10] In this other Aesop fable, one bug spends all summer gathering food and materials for winter and lets another bug die of hunger.

ANSWER: "The Ant and the Grasshopper"

17. He left the city of Ur when God called him to go to Canaan. For 10 points each:

[10] Identify this religious figure who was told to sacrifice his son Isaac.

ANSWER: Abraham [or Abram; or Avraham; or Avram; do not accept "Ibrahim"]

[10] Sarah was barren, so she gave this handmaiden to Abraham so that she might "obtain children through her". Sarah exiled her and her son to the desert, where God showed her a well.

ANSWER: Hagar [or Agar]

[10] This man, the son of Abraham and Hagar, is considered the ancestor of Arabs.

ANSWER: Ishmael [or Ismail; or Yishmael; or Yismael]

18. Answer the following about President Obama's cabinet for 10 points each.

[10] This woman fought hard for the Democratic Presidential nomination in 2008, but eventually lost to President Obama who made her his Secretary of State.

ANSWER: Hillary Rodham Clinton 

[10] Bush Sr. named this man CIA director and Bush Jr. appointed him to his current position as Secretary of Defense in 2006. He recently announced his intention to step down in 2011.

ANSWER: Robert Gates  

[10] This former pro basketball player in Australia was CEO of Chicago Public Schools before becoming the Secretary of Education.

ANSWER: Arne Duncan

19. The only cations which are impossible to precipitate out of a solution are the alkali metals, hydrogen, and this cation with chemical formula NH4+ (N-H-4-plus). For 10 points each:

[10] Name this cation, whose nitrate salt is often used as fertilizer.

ANSWER: ammonium [do not accept "ammonia"]

[10] Ammonium is one example of this type of ion which consists of more than one atom.

ANSWER: polyatomic ion

[10] A Bronsted-Lowry base dissolved in water produces this other polyatomic ion in solution.

ANSWER: hydroxide or OH1- (O-H "one minus") [do not accept any answer including "hydroxyl"]

20. This region was conquered by Julius Caesar in his 52 BCE victory over Vercingetorix (ver-SING-ga-torr-IX) at Alesia. For 10 points each:

[10] Name this region of Ancient Western Europe, whose subjugation by Caesar was the focus of his famous Commentaries.

ANSWER: Gaul

[10] Most of Gaul's land is now this present-day European nation, led in the 20th century by Charles de Gaulle and currently by Nicolas Sarkozy.

ANSWER: France

[10] According to legends, including the Song of [this hero], this French paladin, who died in 778 CE, blew the horn Olifant to call Charlemagne to battle.

ANSWER: Roland [accept The Song of Roland; accept La Chanson de Roland]

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