Cell Structure and Function Chapter 7



Cell Structure and Function Chapter 7

Cells are very diverse. What different kinds of cells do you have in your body? Name 5 kinds.

➢ ________________________

➢   ________________________

➢   ________________________

➢   ________________________

➢   ________________________

Even though cells are very different in function and appearance, all cells have certain features in common.

➢ ¬  All cells have a _________membrane. What are its 3 functions?

▪       ___________________________________

▪       ___________________________________

▪       ___________________________________

➢ ¬  All cells use ________as a hereditary blueprint.

Where is this material found?

▪       In prokaryotes…___________________________________

▪       In eukaryotes…____________________________________

➢ ¬  All cells contain __________________, all of the material inside the cell membrane except the nucleus.

➢ ¬  All cells must acquire and expend _________________.

▪       Where do green plants get their energy? _____________________________________________

• Where do plant-eating animals (herbivores) get their energy? _____________________________________________

▪       Where do animals that eat other animals (carnivores) get their energy? _____________________________________________

▪       What is the ultimate source (either directly or indirectly) of all energy for plants and animals? ____________________________________________

▪       What would happen to life on Earth if the sunlight were blocked from the earth’s surface? ____________________________________________

  All cells are small in size.

▪       The first cells were not seen until the late __________ when early microscopes were developed.

▪     Why are organisms made of many small cells and not one big cell?

      …because cells depend on the process of ____________ to move many substances through the cell and in and out of the cell. Diffusion is very ______________.

 

Eukaryotic cells all have similar features

➢ ¬  The control center of the cell is called the ____________.

     

▪ It is enclosed by a double membrane called the

___________ __________________.

▪ Openings in the nuclear envelope called __________ allow for movement of substances in and out of the nucleus.

▪ Structures inside the nucleus that contain DNA and proteins are called _____________________.

▪ Since DNA cannot leave the nucleus, genetic information is copied into molecules of __________ and sent out into the cytoplasm. This information is used to manufacture ________________.

 

▪ ♣      Name 5 ways plants can use large central vacuoles.

•       _________________________

•     _________________________

•      _________________________

•       _________________________

•     _________________________

➢ ¬  What cell organelles are known as “powerhouses of the cell”?

_______________________

▪ ♣      What is the function of these organelles? _________________________________________________

▪ ♣      In what kinds of cells would you expect to find large numbers of these organelles? _____________________________________

▪ ♣      In the space below label the picture of this organelle. Label the following in the diagram: outer membrane, inner membrane, cristae, matrix, intermembrane compartment.

[pic]

➢ ¬  An organelle that is responsible for photosynthesis is the _______________________.

▪ ♣      In what organisms is this organelle found?

_________________________________________________

▪ ♣      In the space below draw a picture of a chloroplast. Label these structures in your diagram: outer membrane, inner membrane, stroma, thylakoid, granum (stack of thylakoids).

[pic]

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