Unit 1: History & Approaches
AP Psychology
Unit 1: History & Approaches
Lecture Notes
Defining Psychology
What is psychology?
What do psychologists study?
History of Psychology
Roots of psychology primarily in ______________________ and _______________________
Physiology:
Hippocrates (460 - 370 BCE):
Ideas from Hippocrates that are still relevant:
Phrenology:
Ideas from phrenology that are still relevant:
Philosophy:
Confucius (551 - 479 BCE)
Socrates (469 - 399 BCE) & Plato (428 - 348 BCE)
Aristotle (384 - 322 BCE)
Sir Francis Bacon (1561 - 1626)
empiricism:
Rene Descartes
Dualism:
John Locke (1632 - 1704)
Tabula rasa:
The Dawn of Psychology
Wilhelm Wundt:
Structuralism:
Primary research tool of structuralists: ____________________
Functionalism:
William James:
Structuralism vs. functionalism:
Gestalt Psychology
Gestalt:
Perceptual units:
Pragnanz:
Psychodynamic Psychology (aka. Psychoanalytic)
Sigmund Freud:
Primary notion of psychodynamic theorists:
The unconscious:
Psychodynamic view of behavior:
Frustrations of the Unseen
Problems with early approaches to psychology:
Behaviorism
School of psychology focused on ________________________________________
Extreme form of behaviorism:
Learning operates on principles of ______________________ and ______________________
Problem with behaviorism?
Humanistic Psychology:
The Cognitive Revolution
_________________________: technological development that provided a new analogy for the mind
Cognitive psychology:
Contemporary Psychology: 3 Major Debates
1.
2.
3.
The 7 Major Branches of Contemporary Psychology
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
What Do Psychologists Do?
Basic vs. applied research
Basic:
Applied:
Clinical Psychologists:
Psychiatrists:
Counseling psychologists:
................
................
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