Chapter 8: Cellular Energy - SCSD1
Chapter 8: Cellular Energy
Biology
Section 1: How Organisms Obtain Energy
Transformation of Energy:
• __________ is the ability to do work.
• __________ is the study of the flow and transformation of energy in the universe.
Laws of Thermodynamics:
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•
Autotrophs and Heterotrophs:
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__________:
• All of the chemical reactions in a cell.
• __________ - light energy from the Sun is converted to chemical energy for use by the cell.
• __________ __________ - organic molecules are broken down to release energy for use by the cell.
ATP: The Unit of Cellular Energy
• __________ releases energy when the bond between the second and third phosphate group is broken, forming a molecule called adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and a free phosphate group.
Section 2: Photosynthesis
Overview of Photosynthesis:
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1.
2.
[pic]
Phase One: Light Reactions
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Electron Transport:
• Light energy excites electrons in photosystem II and also causes water molecule to split, releasing an electron into the electron transport system, [pic] into the __________ space, and [pic] as a waste product.
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• Ferrodoxin transfers the electrons to the electron carrier __________, forming the energy-storing molecule NADPH.
Phase 2: The Calvin Cycle
• In the second phase of photosynthesis, called the __________ __________, energy is stored in organic molecules such as glucose.
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•
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• An enzyme called __________ converts the remaining ten G3Pmolecules into 5-carbon molecules called RuBP.
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Alternative Pathways:
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Section 3: Cellular Respiration
Overview of Cellular Respiration:
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•
[pic]
•
1. __________
2. __________
Glycolysis:
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__________ __________:
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•
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Electron Transport:
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Anaerobic Respiration:
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1.
2.
................
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