Ch. 9 Answer Key - Weebly
031-42_CH09_60773 10/23/01 8:05 PM Page 41
Chapter 9 Cellular Respiration
Section Review 9-1
1. cellular respiration 2. glucose 3. NADH
4. two 5. alcohol, CO2, NAD 6. The process
of fermentation does not require oxygen.
7. Fermentation continues to produce NAD
without oxygen. This process allows glycolysis to
continue to produce ATP. 8. glucose 9. (2) NADH
10. (2) pyruvic acid
Section Review 9-2
1. Pyruvic acid is the product of glycolysis and
becomes one of the reactants in the Krebs cycle. It is
broken down into carbon dioxide to produce ATP.
2. Glycolysis is the first step in cellular respiration.
The pyruvic acid produced during glycolysis is broken down in the presence of oxygen during the Krebs
cycle. 3. High-energy electrons from the Krebs cycle
and glycolysis are used to convert ADP to ATP in the
electron transport chain. 4. The reactants in cellular
respiration are glucose and oxygen. The products of
cellular respiration are carbon dioxide, water, and
ATP. 5. photosynthesis 6. photosynthesis 7. cellular respiration 8. cellular respiration 9. Only 2 ATP
are obtained from glycolysis, while a total of 36 ATP
are obtained from cellular respiration. 10. The baseball player would probably use lactic acid fermentation, and the cross-country skier would use cellular
respiration. The baseball player would need quick
energy and an ATP supply for only a few seconds.
The cross-country skier would need to generate a
continuing supply of ATP for a longer period of time.
ANSWER KEY
series of energy-extracting reactions. 9. The electron
transport chain uses the high-energy electrons from
the Krebs cycle to convert ADP to ATP. 10. alcoholic
fermentation 11. lactic acid fermentation 12. cellular respiration 13. glycolysis 14. cellular respiration 15. lactic acid fermentation 16. b 17. d 18. c
19. glycolysis 20. Krebs cycle
Enrichment
1. Student responses should suggest that adding the
cup of yogurt to the unfermented milk would introduce Lactobacillus bacteria to the bowl of fresh milk,
allowing it to ferment also. This is, in fact, exactly
how fermented milk products are made. Active cultures of Lactobacilli are added to the products to ferment them. 2. Lactic acid slows the growth of
bacteria and other organisms that cause food to spoil.
Graphic Organizer
1. quick production of ATP and NADH for cellular
energy 2. release of energy without oxygen 3. longterm, slow production of ATP for cellular energy
4. glucose, ATP 5. glucose, ATP 6. ATP, NADH,
pyruvic acid 7. ATP, H2O, CO2 8. can release
energy without oxygen 9. sustains energy production much longer than glycolysis and fermentation
10. quickly fills all available NAD molecules with
electrons and the process stops 11. much slower
than glycolysis and fermentation
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Real-World Lab
Chapter Vocabulary Review
Analyze and Conclude 1. Students¡¯ graphs
1. A calorie is the amount of energy needed to
should have pH on the y-axis and time in days on the
x-axis. The pH should decline from about 7 to around
4 by day 28. 2. Lactic acid caused the change in pH.
It was produced by Lactobacillus during lactic acid
fermentation. Carbon dioxide also helped to acidify
the mixture. 3. Students should assess their original
prediction of the pH. If they had the pH decreasing
as the kimchi fermented, then they would have predicted correctly. The student should change any
incorrect hypothesis to reflect the decrease in pH.
4. The accumulation of a gas is a sign that alcoholic
fermentation is occurring. Students should infer
that the gas was carbon dioxide because this is the
major gaseous product of both aerobic and anaerobic
respiration.
raise the temperature of 1 gram of water 1 Celsius
degree. 2. Glycolysis is the process in which 1 molecule of glucose is broken down to produce 2 molecules of pyruvic acid and gives the cell a net gain of
2 molecules of ATP. 3. Cellular respiration is the
process that releases energy by breaking down
molecules in food in the presence of oxygen.
4. NAD is an electron carrier that helps pass energy
from glucose to other pathways in the cell during
glycolysis. 5. Fermentation is the process that allows
cells to release energy in the absence of oxygen.
6. Anaerobic means ¡°not in air.¡± 7. Aerobic means
¡°in air.¡± 8. The Krebs cycle is the process in which
pyruvic acid is broken down into carbon dioxide in a
Teaching Resources /Chapter 9
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