Benchmarks for Excellent Student Thinking (B.E.S.T ...

Benchmarks for Excellent Student Thinking (B.E.S.T.)

Standards ? English Language Arts, 2021

Table of Contents

Table of Contents .......................................................................................................................................... 1 Introduction................................................................................................................................................... 5 Standards Map ............................................................................................................................................ 10 Progression of Foundations Benchmarks.................................................................................................... 11 Spiraled Standards in a Vertical Progression .............................................................................................. 13

Kindergarten ........................................................................................................................................... 26 Foundational Skills ............................................................................................................................. 26 Reading ............................................................................................................................................... 27 Communication................................................................................................................................... 29 Vocabulary .......................................................................................................................................... 32

Sample texts by benchmark .................................................................................................................... 33 1st Grade ................................................................................................................................................. 35

Foundational Skills ............................................................................................................................. 35 Reading ............................................................................................................................................... 36 Communication................................................................................................................................... 38 Vocabulary .......................................................................................................................................... 40 Sample texts by benchmark .................................................................................................................... 41 2nd Grade................................................................................................................................................ 43 Foundational Skills ............................................................................................................................. 43 Reading ............................................................................................................................................... 44 Communication................................................................................................................................... 45 Vocabulary .......................................................................................................................................... 48 Sample texts by benchmark ..................................................................................................................... 49 3rd Grade ................................................................................................................................................ 51 Foundational Skills ............................................................................................................................. 51 Reading ............................................................................................................................................... 51 Communication................................................................................................................................... 53 Vocabulary .......................................................................................................................................... 55 Sample texts by benchmark ..................................................................................................................... 57 4th Grade................................................................................................................................................. 60

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Foundational Skills ............................................................................................................................. 60 Reading ............................................................................................................................................... 61 Communication................................................................................................................................... 62 Vocabulary .......................................................................................................................................... 65 Sample texts by benchmark .................................................................................................................... 66 5th Grade................................................................................................................................................. 69 Foundational Skills ............................................................................................................................. 69 Reading ............................................................................................................................................... 69 Communication................................................................................................................................... 71 Vocabulary .......................................................................................................................................... 73 Sample texts by benchmark .................................................................................................................... 75 6th-8th Grade .............................................................................................................................................. 78 6th Grade................................................................................................................................................. 78 Reading ............................................................................................................................................... 78 Communication................................................................................................................................... 80 Vocabulary .......................................................................................................................................... 82 Sample texts by benchmark ..................................................................................................................... 83 7th Grade................................................................................................................................................. 86 Reading ............................................................................................................................................... 86 Communication................................................................................................................................... 88 Vocabulary .......................................................................................................................................... 90 Sample texts by benchmark ..................................................................................................................... 91 8th Grade................................................................................................................................................. 95 Reading ............................................................................................................................................... 95 Communication................................................................................................................................... 97 Vocabulary .......................................................................................................................................... 99 Sample texts by benchmark ................................................................................................................... 100 9th-12th Grade .......................................................................................................................................... 104 9th Grade............................................................................................................................................... 104 Reading ............................................................................................................................................. 104 Communication................................................................................................................................. 107

Vocabulary ........................................................................................................................................ 109

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Sample texts by benchmark .................................................................................................................. 110 10th Grade............................................................................................................................................. 114

Reading ............................................................................................................................................. 114 Communication................................................................................................................................. 116 Vocabulary ........................................................................................................................................ 118 Sample texts by benchmark .................................................................................................................. 119 11th Grade............................................................................................................................................. 125 Reading ............................................................................................................................................. 125 Communication................................................................................................................................. 128 Vocabulary ........................................................................................................................................ 130 Sample texts by benchmark .................................................................................................................. 131 12th Grade............................................................................................................................................. 136 Reading ............................................................................................................................................. 136 Communication................................................................................................................................. 139 Vocabulary ........................................................................................................................................ 140 Sample texts by benchmark .................................................................................................................. 142 6-12 Foundational Reading Intervention Standards.................................................................................. 145 Appendix A: K-12 ELA Expectations for Students .................................................................................. 147 K-12 ELA Expectations ........................................................................................................................ 147 Appendix B: Reading................................................................................................................................ 148 What is a Text?...................................................................................................................................... 148 Text Complexity ............................................................................................................................... 148 Literary Periods................................................................................................................................. 165 Background Knowledge........................................................................................................................ 168 Civic Literacy Reading List .............................................................................................................. 168 Text Features......................................................................................................................................... 172 Text Structures ...................................................................................................................................... 174 Figurative Language ......................................................................................................................... 175 Rhetoric............................................................................................................................................. 177 Archetypes ........................................................................................................................................ 178

Types of Logical Reasoning ............................................................................................................. 180 Fallacies in Reasoning (Informal) ..................................................................................................... 181

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Appendix C: Communication ................................................................................................................... 183 Communicating through Writing .......................................................................................................... 183 Writing Types ................................................................................................................................... 183 Narrative Techniques ........................................................................................................................ 184 Elaborative Techniques..................................................................................................................... 185 Oral Communication............................................................................................................................. 186 Elementary Oral Communication Rubric.......................................................................................... 186 Secondary Oral Communication Rubric ........................................................................................... 189 Conventions Progression by Grade Level............................................................................................. 196

Appendix D: Vocabulary .......................................................................................................................... 198 Selecting Academic Vocabulary for Direct Instruction ........................................................................ 198 Morphology........................................................................................................................................... 199 Base Words ....................................................................................................................................... 199 Greek and Latin Roots ...................................................................................................................... 200 Common Prefixes.............................................................................................................................. 202 Common Suffixes ............................................................................................................................. 203 Foreign Words and Phrases................................................................................................................... 204 Context Clues........................................................................................................................................ 205 Word Relationships............................................................................................................................... 205

Appendix E: Reading Foundations ........................................................................................................... 206 Introduction........................................................................................................................................... 206 Fluency.................................................................................................................................................. 207 Dolch Word Lists .............................................................................................................................. 207 Fry Word Lists .................................................................................................................................. 208 Measures of Fluency ......................................................................................................................... 209 Interventions for Secondary Students ................................................................................................... 211 Learner Profiles................................................................................................................................. 211 Learning Environment Considerations ............................................................................................. 211

Glossary of Terms ..................................................................................................................................... 212

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Introduction

On January 31, 2019, Governor DeSantis issued Executive Order 19-32, outlining a path for Florida to improve its education system by eliminating Common Core and paving the way for Florida students to receive a world-class education to prepare them for jobs of the future. The task from Governor DeSantis to Commissioner Corcoran was clear: Create literacy standards for our Florida students that will shape their education and secure their position as leading the charge to make Florida the most literate state in the nation. The outcome is Florida's Benchmarks for Excellent Student Thinking (B.E.S.T.) Standards for English Language Arts (ELA), a product of Florida literacy experts, Florida educators, and vested stakeholders.

Florida's B.E.S.T. Standards encourage educators to act on Douglass's reminder of the ultimate purpose of education. His words confirm that education must be enlightening, noble, and good. He speaks from a tradition that holds education in the highest regard. The Latin root of the word education is educare, which means "to bring forth, to bring up." Douglass understood that education is the way to bring forth our greatest capacities. Knowledge is the pathway to liberty, which is a fundamental value guaranteed by our government.

Florida's B.E.S.T. Standards promote Douglass's noble view of education. The implementation of these standards will encourage schools, districts, and educators to adopt and build a rich, deep, and meaningful curriculum that "uplifts the soul." It is important to note that these standards are only the framework. It is up to Florida educators to use these standards to build knowledge-rich curricula that will nurture students by immersing them in the study of great works of literature, history, and the arts. The goal of these standards is to restore teachers to their true calling: educating the hearts, souls, and minds of their students, bringing them "into the glorious light of truth." In the words of John Adams, "Let us tenderly and kindly cherish, therefore, the means of knowledge. Let us dare to read, think, speak, and write."

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